Warmensteinach

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Warmensteinach
Warmensteinach
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Warmensteinach highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 0 '  N , 11 ° 47'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Franconia
County : Bayreuth
Height : 628 m above sea level NHN
Area : 32.62 km 2
Residents: 2187 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 67 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 95485
Area code : 09277
License plate : BT, EBS , ESB , KEM , MÜB , PEG
Community key : 09 4 72 198
LOCODE : DE WMC
Community structure: 18 parts of the community
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Bahnhofstrasse 100
95485 Warmensteinach
Website : www.warmensteinach.de
Mayor : Axel Herrmann ( Electoral Community Free Voters Warmensteinach / Oberwarmensteinach )
Location of the municipality of Warmensteinach in the Bayreuth district
Landkreis Nürnberger Land Bayreuth Bayreuth Landkreis Hof Landkreis Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge Landkreis Kulmbach Landkreis Lichtenfels Landkreis Bamberg Landkreis Forchheim Landkreis Tirschenreuth Landkreis Neustadt an der Waldnaab Landkreis Amberg-Sulzbach Prüll Warmensteinacher Forst-Nord Waidacher Forst Waidacher Forst Veldensteiner Forst Neubauer Forst-Nord Waischenfeld Bayreuth Heinersreuther Forst Glashüttener Forst Forst Neustädtlein am Forst Gemeindefreies Gebiet Fichtelberg Emtmannsberg Haag Seybothenreuth Creußen Warmensteinach Weidenberg Schnabelwaid Prebitz Plech Mistelgau Mistelbach (Oberfranken) Hummeltal Heinersreuth Goldkronach Glashütten (Oberfranken) Gesees Gefrees Eckersdorf Bischofsgrün Bischofsgrün Bindlach Betzenstein Bad Berneck im Fichtelgebirge Speichersdorf Kirchenpingarten Waischenfeld Plankenfels Pegnitz (Stadt) Mehlmeisel Hollfeld Fichtelberg (Oberfranken) Aufseß Ahorntal Bischofsgrüner Forst Pottenstein (Oberfranken)map
About this picture
The former Warmensteinach train station is now used as the town hall

Warmensteinach is a municipality in the Upper Franconian district of Bayreuth . The climatic health resort is located about 15 kilometers east of Bayreuth in the Fichtel Mountains .

geography

Geographical location

Warmensteinach is located at the confluence of the Warmen Steinach and Moosbach (formerly Kalte Steinach). The 50th  latitude passes through the district Warmensteinach.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are Kirchenpingarten , Weidenberg , Bischofsgrün , Fichtelberg and Goldkronach .

Community structure

The political municipality of Warmensteinach has 18 officially named parts of the municipality (the type of place is given in brackets ):

There are the districts of Mähring, Oberwarmensteinach, Warmensteinach, Warmensteinacher Forst-Süd and Sophienthaler Forst .

Geotopes

  • Höllfelsen near Oberwarmensteinach (geotope number 472A010).

history

Until the church is planted

The former border between the Principality of Bayreuth and the Electorate of Bavaria in what is now Warmensteinach

The mention of the "Zwissel", the confluence of the Kalter Steinach (today Moosbach) and Warmer Steinach, in the fief book of the burgrave Johann III. from the year 1402, is considered to be the first written mention of the area around Warmensteinach. In the southeast of the Zwissel, the Upper Palatinate bordered the confluence; in the west it was the territory of the Burgraves of Nuremberg and their legal successors, the Margraves of Bayreuth .

In 1536, after centuries of disputes, this border was established and marked by boundary stones . The name of the Grenzhammer district is reminiscent of the border that was important for centuries and which divided politically, linguistically, denominationally and ethnically. Below Grenzhammer there is still a pillar with the white and blue Bavarian diamonds on one side and the black and white Hohenzollern coat of arms on the other . The Paschenweiher not far from Karches takes its name from an old smuggler route .

For a long time, this demarcation corresponded to the denominational boundary between Catholic and Protestant religious affiliation and the dialect boundary between Franconian and Bavarian . The residents of Warmensteinach were Protestant, while those of Oberwarmensteinach and Fleckl were Catholic. In Warmensteinach and Oberwarmensteinach there are still different dialect expressions for the same word. From the east the influence of the city of Eger was noticeable. The Zwissel is documented in Warmensteinach's coat of arms.

Mills and hammer mills used water power along the Steinach . Mining was carried out on the Hellen Glocke and Eisenberg .

As part of the Prussian principality of Bayreuth , Warmensteinach fell to France in the Peace of Tilsit in 1807 . Napoleon viewed the principality as a pays reservé - an area that he kept in reserve for future bartering. As a result of the Paris Treaty of 1810 , it was handed over by the French army on June 30, 1810 to Bavaria, which had meanwhile risen to become a kingdom and paid 15 million francs for it. In the course of the administrative reforms in Bavaria , today's municipality was created with the municipal edict of 1818 .

Incorporations

On May 1, 1978, the previously independent municipality of Oberwarmensteinach was incorporated. Parts of the community-free area of Warmensteinacher Forst-Nord were reclassified to the community of Warmensteinach on January 1, 2013. On January 1, 2019, the 588.77 hectare eastern part of the community-free area of Goldkronacher Forst was added.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population fell from 2531 to 2245 by 286 or 11.3%. A peak was reached on December 31, 1992 with 2797 inhabitants.

year 1840 1900 1925 1950 1961 1970 1987 1991 1995 2001 2005 2010 2015 2018
Residents 1762 1835 1866 3051 2956 2903 2571 2773 2696 2491 2371 2173 2279 2245

Source: Municipal statistics 2011

politics

Municipal council

The local elections in 2002, 2008 , 2014 and 2020 led to the following allocation of seats in the local council :

Party / group of voters 2002 2008 2014 2020
CSU 3 5 4th 4th
SPD 3 3 2 4th
Electoral community Free Voters Warmensteinach / Oberwarmensteinach 3 3 4th 6th
Better Warmensteinach 5 3 4th -
total 14th 14th 14th 14th

mayor

Axel Herrmann from the Free Voters Warmensteinach / Oberwarmensteinach community was elected mayor in a runoff election in 2014 with 55.2% of the votes. His predecessor was Andreas Voit (CSU).

Finances

In 2017, the municipal tax revenue was 1,866,000 euros. Of this, 560,000 euros were trade tax receipts (net).

Economy and Infrastructure

Rail bus in Warmensteinach station, 1987

economy

Glass production was an important economic factor for the place for many centuries. This tradition was renewed by expellees from the Gablonz glass industry.

According to official statistics, in 2017 there were 217 employees in the manufacturing sector and 88 in trade and transport at the place of work. In service companies, 26 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 750 employees at the place of residence subject to social insurance contributions. There were two in the manufacturing sector and one in the construction sector. In addition, there were five farms that used an area of ​​1066 hectares for agriculture.

The water treatment plant in the Löchleinstal between Warmensteinach and Grassemann supplies 20 percent of Bayreuth's drinking water needs.

traffic

Rail traffic on the Weidenberg – Warmensteinach section of the Bayreuth – Warmensteinach line has been suspended "for technical reasons" since January 1, 1993, but the line has not been closed. The main axis is the state road 2181 leading from Bayreuth to Neusorg .

tourism

Warmensteinach in summer
Bathing pond of the natural moor bath

With the beginning of the 20th century and the improved transport conditions due to the railway connection, a flourishing tourism established itself in Warmensteinach . Numerous guest beds in hotels , guest houses, holiday apartments and private accommodation were created. The state-approved climatic health resort of Warmensteinach, with its districts of Oberwarmensteinach and Fleckl, is located at an altitude of 550–750 m on the southern slope of the 1024 m high Ochsenkopf . Around 2000 guest beds in hotels, inns, guest houses and holiday apartments are available to guests. Warmensteinach is located in the Fichtelgebirge Nature Park, which is characterized by a varied low mountain range. A modern cable car takes guests to the Ochsenkopf local mountain. For leisure fun, you can go down the mountain on the DévalKart track in summer, on the ski slope or on the summer toboggan run on the Ochsenkopf in winter. There are tennis courts, bowling alleys, Kneipp treading basins, an outdoor pool and the idyllic Fleckl natural moor bath in the forest . Six T-bar lifts, two of which are equipped with floodlights and modern snow-making systems, as well as a double-seater cable car open up this ski area. 80 km of well-developed ski touring trails in different degrees of difficulty are available free of charge. 30 km of cleared winter hiking trails are offered for pedestrians.

Culture and sights

music

At the start of the Bayreuth Festival , musical and literary performances take place in August in collaboration with the Bayreuth Festival of Young Artists in churches, in the spa gardens and in the open air museum. Admission to all events is free.

Sports

Warmensteinach in winter

Warmensteinach is located in a hiking and mountain biking region. It has numerous well-marked hiking trails, mostly circular hiking trails, and several long-distance hiking trails also cross the area. For around two years there has been a downhill route that is around 2.3 km long and leads from the mountain station at 1012 m over an altitude difference of around 250 m to the south valley station in Warmensteinach / Fleckl. Technically difficult passages are created with a detour. Numerous rock, root and stone passages typical of the Fichtel Mountains have been integrated into the freeride route. Jumps, various drops and some Northshore elements are built into the changing steep and flat passages. The partly rocky and stony subsoil requires constant attention. Slower, technical sections paired with faster, fluid passages offer less experienced mountain bikers as well as experienced freeriders riding fun. A short practice route on the last section of the entire route in the area of ​​the south valley station is intended for entry. There are some obstacles to overcome that can be found on the single trail route on the mountain. From the valley station south of the Ochsenkopf cable car in Warmensteinach / Fleckl, a comfortable chair lift with a bicycle holder brings bikers up the mountain. The Nordic-Parc Fichtelgebirge offers marked routes of varying degrees of difficulty. The local soccer club is the SSV Warmensteinach, other important sports clubs are the WSV Warmensteinach and the WSV Oberwarmensteinach. The winter sports area is equipped with six tow lifts, some with floodlights and snow-making systems, ski jumping facilities and cross-country skiing trails. The Fleckl natural moor bath is located in the Fleckl district .

Museums

Grassemann open air museum

The glass museum in Warmensteinach, opened in 1980, documents the development of the glassmaking trade over the past centuries using tools and products. One focus is glass bead making, which determined production until the middle of the 20th century. The second focus is the rebuilding of glass production after the Second World War, which led to new production methods due to the influence of the Sudeten German expellees. Using a large number of unique items, the button production from rod glass as well as the pressed glass and hollow glass production are demonstrated. Glass production has been mentioned in a document in the Fichtelgebirge since 1340 and formed an important line of business for the residents.

The Grassemann open-air museum is a typical Einfirsthof from 1698 with living quarters, stable and barn under one roof, which was once typical of the southern Fichtel Mountains . The property provides an insight into everyday life on a small low mountain farm. Agriculture was mainly used for self-sufficiency. The residents also worked in mining, in the forest or as hand weavers. The traces of the history of construction and use are an attraction: the wooden block construction, the black kitchen and the rear-loading tiled stove . The museum is also the information point of the Fichtelgebirge Nature Park and shows, on the subject of people and forests, the change in the importance of the forest for people, from the earlier uses of the forest to the present day. An educational trail on the historical development of the cultural landscape beyond the museum grounds invites you to take a tour of discovery: On closer inspection, the remains of earlier uses can be seen in the landscape. The annual program offers changing special exhibitions, museum festivals and markets.

Churches

The Catholic St. Laurentius Church in Oberwarmensteinach

The baroque church was built in 1755–1757. At the entrance to the tower you can see the Immaculata made by the artist Daughtermann . When entering the church, the angel's greeting to Mary “and the word became flesh and lived among us” can be seen in the arch to the apse. In the middle of the interior is the crucifixion group on the north side. The crucified Christ is a work by Zwink from Oberammergau . Maria and Johannes come from the Himmelkron monastery .

The two side altars are late classical. The picture of the Holy Family in Nazarene style on the left side or St. Mary's altar was painted by I. Elain. The picture on the right side altar with St. Wendelin is a gift from the Bishop of Regensburg . The black Madonna on the left side altar is donated by a patron of the church in 1727. The Sacred Heart figure on the right side altar was made by Zwink in 1904. The origin of the three figures above the sacristy door - St. John the Baptist on the right and St. John the Apostle on the left - St. Mary in the middle - is unknown. The high altar comes from the Franciscan monastery in Kemnath . It has a four-pillar wooden structure with curved beams. The dove of the Holy Spirit between two angels is surrounded by a halo. The altarpiece shows St. Lawrence with the martyr's palm as he receives the wreath as a sign of victory over martyrdom. The picture was painted around 1867 by the artist Wild from Kemnath. The origin of the two figures on the high altar, St. Joseph and St. Bartholomew and in the nave on the south side of St. Mary with the baby Jesus and on the north side of St. Catherine is not known.

On the south side there is a figure of Christ with the globe in hand. On the gallery to the left and right of the organ on the back wall, two saints bear the initials “MAH” and the year “1810”. The Wolf organ was purchased in 1878 and has two manuals.

The two ceiling paintings in the nave depict how St. Lawrence shows the governor the treasures of the church (the poor) and the martyrdom of the saint. The other pictures above the apse show excerpts from the life of the saint. In the middle, Jesus is shown as a reaper and sower.

The Catholic St. Bonifatius Church in Warmensteinach

The Bonifatiuskirche in Warmensteinach, built in 1960, is a modern church building in a simple, contemporary design with a single-nave nave. It was designed by the architect Dr. Dagostin designed from Neusorg. The church is dedicated to St. Boniface. Scenes from his life can be seen on the portal, embossed in copper. When entering the church, the view immediately falls on the altar, the world disk, the candlestick and the tabernacle, which form a harmonious unit. The copper disk represents the world with its hardships and plagues, indicated by the chunks of glass in the disk and the cross. The glass should remind of the glass production in the place. The cross in the middle is also a sign of victory over suffering. The trumpets are intended to indicate that Christ will one day come again victorious over suffering under the sound of the trumpets.

The altar is a granite block, on the front side a dove and the inscription "pro mundi vita - for the life of the world" are carved. On the side altar is a figure of Our Lady who crushes the snake's head, a scene from the creation account, created by the sculptor H. Rucker from Munich.

The Way of the Cross is a work by the artist Baldur Geipel from Munich. The eight stained glass windows were designed by the teacher Mahlke from Weiden. Seven each show a symbol for a holy sacrament. In the eighth all sacraments are summarized.

The Church of the Holy Trinity in Warmensteinach

Above the entrance to the church is the inscription "This church, called the house of the Holy Trinity, was built in the year of Christ in the year 1705". The simple building is small and cozy. The Warmensteinachers have been celebrating Holy Communion at the baroque pulpit altar since 1798 , one of the first pulpit altars in the Margraviate of Bayreuth. The carpenter August Preiss from Goldkronach made it. The altar and pulpit are connected by two winding columns entwined with vines. There are also small pillars on the pulpit; Above the pulpit, on the underside of the sound cover, you can see the Holy Spirit dove in a halo. At the altar there is a simple black wooden cross with the crucified Christ in gold. Behind the crucified one reads the inscription “Gloria in excelsis Deo”. The organ was built into the church in 1975 after a fire.

Architectural monuments

Sons and daughters of the church

literature

Web links

Commons : Warmensteinach  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Community Warmensteinach in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on January 5, 2020.
  3. ^ Forced marriages and happy divorces in: Nordbayerischer Kurier from 28./29. July 2018, p. 26.
  4. ↑ Serious and scary stories in: Nordbayerischer Kurier of October 8, 2019, p. 17.
  5. ↑ Karl Müssel: Bayreuth in eight centuries . 1st edition. Gondrom, Bindlach 1993, ISBN 3-8112-0809-8 , p. 139 .
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 676 .
  7. ↑ Upper Franconian Official Gazette , No. 12/2012
  8. ↑ Upper Franconian Official Gazette , No. 9/2018
  9. ↑ a b c Warmensteinach Municipal Statistics 2018. (PDF (1.2 MB)) In: www.statistik.bayern.de. Bavarian State Office for Statistics, March 2019, accessed on August 9, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Drinking water treatment Bayreuth - Wasserwerk Löchleinstal at shp-ib.de, accessed on March 20, 2020
  11. ^ Water for the city in: Nordbayerischer Kurier from March 19, 2020, p. 15.