Middle Franconia

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Middle Franconia
coat of arms
coat of arms 		flag
flag
State : Germany
State : Bavaria
Administrative headquarters : Ansbach
Biggest cities: 1. Nuremberg
2. Fürth
3. Erlangen
4. Ansbach
Area : 7,243.69  km²
Residents : 1,775,169 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 245 inhabitants per km²
District President: Armin Kroder ( FW )
District President: Thomas Bauer
Website :
Locator map RB Middle Franconia in Bavaria.svg Locator map Middle Franconia in Germany.svg
Location in Bavaria and Germany
Government of Middle Franconia

Middle Franconia ( abbreviation Mfr ) is located in the Franconian part of Bavaria and is both a district and an administrative district . It is located in the north-west of Bavaria and borders in the west on Baden-Württemberg , in the south and south-east on the Bavarian administrative districts of Swabia and Upper Bavaria , in the east on the Upper Palatinate and in the north-east and north on Upper Franconia and Lower Franconia .

The administrative seat of the district and also the seat of the district government is Ansbach . The largest city is Nuremberg .

As with Upper and Lower Franconia, the name Middle Franconia refers to its location on the Main . Upper Franconia lies on its upper reaches, Lower Franconia on the lower reaches and Middle Franconia in between. This name goes back to the establishment of the Mainkreis in the course of Count Montgelas' 1808 constitution of the Kingdom of Bavaria . The division of the territories was adapted to the French model and was primarily based on river names.

structure

The administrative region Middle Franconia comprises five independent cities and seven rural districts :

One district cities

Counties

  • Nuremberg old town

  • Erlangen city center

  • Fürth market square

  • Ansbach old town

  • Schwabach market square

In the transition period from July 1, 1972 to April 30, 1973, some districts had different names:

  • The district of Erlangen-Höchstadt was called the district of Erlangen .
  • The district of Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim was called the district of Neustadt an der Aisch .
  • The district of Nürnberger Land was called the district of Lauf an der Pegnitz .
  • The district of Roth was called the district of Roth near Nuremberg .
  • The district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen was called the district of Weißenburg in Bavaria .

Before the district reform

Before the district reform on July 1, 1972, the administrative district had eight independent towns and 17 rural districts:

One district cities

Counties

Until after the Second World War, the administrative districts of Middle Franconia and Upper Franconia were administered together.

geography

Larger cities (excluding independent cities)

Waters

In Central Franconia there are numerous bodies of water that are used in a variety of ways and are particularly important for pond farming and tourism .

The Aischgründer carp has been protected throughout Europe since November 27, 2012.

Rivers

Lakes

In addition to numerous fish ponds, which are often located on streams, there are larger lakes , especially in the Franconian Lake District:

mountains

The Franconian Alb stretches irregularly over large parts of eastern Central Franconia. The highest mountain is the 689 meter high Hesselberg on the southwestern edge of the Alb; the second highest mountain is the 656.4 meter high Dürrenberg . The 603.5 meter high Moritzberg about 17 kilometers east of Nuremberg is also important.

history

With the transition of Middle Franconian areas, in particular the Principality of Ansbach and the Imperial City of Nuremberg , to the new Kingdom of Bavaria in the Napoleonic period , the Rezatkreis was created with Ansbach as the capital. The administrative district has been called Middle Franconia since January 1, 1838, based on the former Duchy of Franconia , in whose eastern part it is located. From 1855 to 1933, the population of Central Franconia rose from 534,000 to 1,037,000. In the course of state simplification, the governments of Upper Franconia and Middle Franconia were united in Ansbach in 1932/33 . In 1946 it was decided to restore the Central Franconia administrative district. The first elections for the district assembly took place in 1954.

economy

While the west of Middle Franconia around Ansbach, Gunzenhausen and Weißenburg is more rural, the industry is concentrated in the eastern part of Middle Franconia and there mainly on the urban network of Nuremberg, Fürth, Erlangen and Schwabach. In terms of GDP , Middle Franconia is one of the wealthier regions of the EU with an index of 134 (EU27: 100, Germany: 116; as of 2008).

Public facilities

The Police Headquarters Middle Franconia , together with the Federal Police and their precinct in Ansbach , as well as the inspection in Nuremberg, ensure security.

The Customs maintains the customs offices Harbor , Nuremberg Airport, Erlangen-Tennenlohe, Ansbach and white castle, which the Main Customs Office Nuremberg are subordinate. There is also a branch of the Munich customs investigation office .

The THW has 14 local branches and a regional office in Middle Franconia.

There are also 37 hospitals and specialist hospitals.

The Bundeswehr is represented by a company of the regional security and support forces (RSU) . A career advice office is located in Nuremberg. There are also other locations in Ansbach, Fürth, Röthenbach, Wendelstein, Roth and Greding.

There are also 2 universities ( Ansbach , Nuremberg ), one university , one art academy and one state-sponsored music academy . There are also 2 church universities.

traffic

air traffic

Railway lines

Transportation

All public transport in Middle Franconia can be used with just one ticket thanks to the transport association for the greater Nuremberg area. Leisure lines complement the transport offer on weekends and in the summer holidays. There are mostly good connections by rail, while the bus service often only meets minimum requirements outside of peak times, especially in rural areas.

Trunk roads

Federal highways

  • A 3 (Frankfurt / Main) –Würzburg – Nuremberg– (Passau – Vienna)
  • A 6 (Heilbronn) –Ansbach – Nürnberg– (Amberg – Waidhaus – Pilsen)
  • A 7 (Hamburg – Würzburg) –Rothenburg ob der Tauber– (Ulm – Füssen)
  • A 9 (Berlin) –Nuremberg– (Munich)
  • A 73 Nürnberg – Fürth – Erlangen– (Bamberg – Coburg – Erfurt)

Federal highways

  • B 2 (Augsburg) –Weißenburg – Nuremberg– (Bayreuth – Hof)
  • B 4 Nuremberg – Erlangen– (Bamberg – Coburg – Erfurt)
  • B 8 (Würzburg) –Neustadt a. d. Aisch – Fürth – Nuremberg– (Regensburg)
  • B 13 (Würzburg) –Uffenheim – Ansbach – Gunzenhausen– (Munich– Sylvenstein reservoir )
  • B 14 (Stuttgart) - Feuchtwangen - Ansbach - Nuremberg - Hersbruck - (Weiden - Waidhaus - Czech Republic)
  • B 25 Feuchtwangen – Dinkelsbühl– (Nördlingen – Donauwörth)
  • B 466 (Nördlingen) –Gunzenhausen – Schwabach – Nürnberg– (A 6, B 2)
  • B 470 (federal motorway 7) –Bad Windsheim – Neustadt a. d. Aisch – Höchstadt a. d. Aisch– (Forchheim – Pegnitz – Weiden – A 93)

Waterways

  • The Main-Danube Canal continues via Bamberg, Erlangen, Fürth and Nuremberg to Kelheim, where it flows into the Danube. It is part of the direct waterway from the North Sea to the Black Sea.

Protected areas

In the administrative district there are 63 nature reserves , 91 landscape protection areas , 66 FFH areas , eleven EU bird reserves and 182 designated geotopes . (Status: August 2016) The largest nature reserve in the district is the Tennenloher Forest .

See also:

Middle Franconia district

The Middle Franconia district , together with the other Bavarian districts, forms the third municipal level in the state. The core tasks of the district are in the social and cultural area. The organs of the district are the district assembly , the district committee and the district assembly president ( Art. 21 District Code - BezO ).

history

The Middle Franconia district has been renamed several times. When it was founded in 1828, it was called Landrath vom Rezatkreis and from 1838 was called Landrath von Mittelfranken . From 1919 on, he was called council of Middle Franconia and in 1933 due to mergers territory in council of Upper Franconia -Mittelfranken renamed. In 1938 the name was changed again to the District Association of Upper Franconia-Middle Franconia . After the Second World War , the authority was initially abolished and acted under the name District Association Advisory Board of Middle Franconia from 1946 as an advisory body for the Allies. In 1953 the provisional district day of Middle Franconia was constituted, one year later, on December 21, 1954, the first district day of Middle Franconia.

Facilities

Center for the hearing impaired in the district of Middle Franconia in Nuremberg

The Middle Franconia district is responsible for psychiatric and neurological specialist hospitals, specialist clinics, technical and special schools (e.g. for the deaf and disabled, the blind ) and open-air museums (in Bad Windsheim ). The district of Middle Franconia is also responsible for the vocational training center for the deaf and the vocational training center for people with learning disabilities .

The district of Middle Franconia awards the Wolfram von Eschenbach Prize, endowed with 15,000 euros, every year .

coat of arms

Blazon

Coat of arms of Middle Franconia
 Blazon : “ Split and divided in front ; in front above square of silver and black , belowthree silver tips in red ; behind in gold at the slit a red armored black eagle . "

History of origin

The crossing of silver and black at the top in front stands for the Hohenzollern possessions around Ansbach , the silver tips in red below stand for the historical region of Franconia (so-called Franconian rake ) as a whole. The eagle in gold comes from the coat of arms of the imperial city of Nuremberg and also stands for the former imperial cities of Dinkelsbühl , Rothenburg od T. , Windsheim and Weißenburg with their areas, which in the case of Rothenburg and Nuremberg (imperial city with the largest territorial possession on the soil of the today's Germany ) were not insignificant.

flag

The flag of Middle Franconia is a red and white Franconian flag with the district coat of arms in the middle.

District day

         
A total of 33 seats

composition

Stand according to the respective election.

choice CSU SPD FW Green FDP The left REP NPD GDP¹ BP KPD ÖDP The Franks Pirates AfD total
2018 11 4th 4th 6th 1 2 1 1 3 33
2013 12 7th 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 30th
2008 12 7th 3 2 1 1 26th
2003 15th 7th 1 2 25th
1998 13² 11 1 2 1 0² 28
1994 14th 11 2 1 28
1990 14th 9 2 2 1 28
1986 15th 9 2 1 1 28
1982 15th 11 1 1 28
1978 15th 11 2 28
1974 16 11 2 29
1970 14th 11 3 1 29
1966 12 12 2 3 29
1962 13 11 3 1 28
1958 12 12 3 1 28
1954 10 10 4th 2 1 1 28

¹ 1954 and 1958 GB / BHE

² The CSU lost a district council during the legislative period by converting to the Bavarian party .

Not all party changes of district councils during the legislative period are listed.

District President

The presidents of the Middle Franconia District Assembly and its predecessor institutions were:

In 2018 Armin Kroder ( FW ) was elected President of the District Assembly. His deputy is Christa Naaß (SPD). Daniel Arnold (Greens) and Titus Schüller ( Die Linke ) act as further deputies of the District Assembly President.

Partnerships

In 1981, the Middle Franconia district was the first region in Bavaria to enter into a partnership with the Haute-Vienne department in France; In the following years, corresponding agreements followed with the two neighboring departments of Creuse and Corrèze . In 1995 this resulted in a partnership between the (entire) region of Limousin and the district of Middle Franconia.

Since 2000, the Middle Franconia district has had a regional partnership with the Pomeranian Voivodeship ( Polish Województwo pomorskie ) in Poland, and since 2001 there has been a tri-regional partnership between all three regions.

Administrative district

The Region Mittelfranken is territorially identical to the district of Central francs. He is the area of ​​responsibility of the state middle authority government of Middle Franconia . Since January 1, 2008, Thomas Bauer has been the head of the authorities (district president); Government Vice President is Eugen Ehmann.

District President

(until 1837 "General Commissioners")

Term of office District President
1806-1808 Friedrich Karl von Thürheim
1808-1809 Max von Lerchenfeld
1809 Friedrich Karl von Thürheim
1810-1817 Konrad Heinrich (Ernst Friedrich) von Dörnberg
1817-1826 Karl Joseph von Drechsel
1826-1832 Arnold von Mieg
1832-1838 Joseph von Stichaner
1838-1840 Carl von Giech
1840-1847 Ferdinand von Andrian-Werburg
1847-1849 Georg Karl von Welden
1849-1854 Ludwig Friedrich Voltz
1854-1863 Max von Gutschneider
1863-1866 Johann von Pechmann
1866-1879 Gottfried von Feder
1879-1889 Hugo of Herman
1889-1897 Julius from Zenetti
1897-1902 Karl von Schelling
1902-1909 Ludwig von Welser
1909-1922 Julius von Blaul
1922-1928 Ludwig Huber
1928-1933 Gustav Rohmer
1933–1934 * Hans Georg Hofmann
1934–1944 * Hans Dippold
1944–1945 * Heinrich Detloff von Kalben
1945 * Ernst Reichard
1945–1958 * Hans Schregle
1958-1975 Karl Burkhardt
1975-1995 Heinrich von Mosch
1995-2007 Karl Inhofer

Note: 1933 to 1948 joint district president with Upper Franconia

literature

Web links

Commons : Middle Franconia  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Middle Franconia  - Sources and full texts
Wiktionary: Middle Franconia  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Aischgründer carp protected throughout Europe. (No longer available online.) In: radio8.de. Radio 8 Ansbach, archived from the original on May 23, 2016 ; Retrieved July 18, 2018 (originally accessed November 27, 2012; no mementos). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.radio8.de
  3. ^ According to Max Döllner : History of the development of the city of Neustadt an der Aisch up to 1933. Ph. C. W. Schmidt, Neustadt a. d. Aisch 1950 (new edition 1978 on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the Ph. CW Schmidt Neustadt an der Aisch 1828–1978 ), ISBN 3-87707-013-2 , p. 422.
  4. ↑ Federal Police - Search for offices. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Customs online - Department single view - Customs investigation office Munich, Nuremberg office. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  6. ^ Customs online - structure - organization plans of the local authorities. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  7. ↑ THW on site. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  8. ^ Hospitals in Bavaria. In: Bavarian State Ministry for Health and Care. Accessed June 29, 2020 (German).
  9. ^ Bavarian State Regiment. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  10. ↑ Advice center finder . Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  11. ↑ Studying in the region: These universities are in Middle Franconia. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  12. ^ Middle Franconia district. Result of the district election 2018. In: beleitz-mittelfranken.de. District Middle Franconia, October 19, 2018, accessed on November 23, 2018 .
  13. ^ Middle Franconia district. Elections 2013. Overall result of the district elections 2013. In: beverz-mittelfranken.de. Middle Franconia district, October 13, 2013, archived from the original on September 25, 2013 ; accessed on July 18, 2018 .
  14. ↑ Turning point in the district day Süddeutsche Zeitung of November 8, 2018
  15. ↑ The Presidium. In: regierung.mittelfranken.bayern.de, accessed on July 18, 2018.
  16. ↑ Walter Schärl: The composition of the Bavarian civil service from 1806 to 1918 (= . Munich historical studies department Bavarian History Volume 1.). Lassleben, Kallmünz 1955, DNB 454302959
  17. ^ Julius Meyer, Adolf Bayer: Brügels Onoldina. Local history treatises for Ansbach and the surrounding area. Book II: CVs, mayors, regional presidents, etc. a. C. Brügel & Sohn, Ansbach 1955, DNB 453356117 , pp. 107–126.

Coordinates: 49 ° 20 '  N , 10 ° 51'  E