Wet cheeks

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Feuchtwangen
Wet cheeks
Map of Germany, position of the city Feuchtwangen highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 10 ′  N , 10 ° 19 ′  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Middle Franconia
County : Ansbach
Height : 452 m above sea level NHN
Area : 137.23 km 2
Residents: 12,479 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 91 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 91555
Primaries : 09852, 09855, 09856, 09857, 07950
License plate : AN , DKB, FEU, ROT
Community key : 09 5 71 145
LOCODE : DE FEW
City structure: 91 parts of the community

City administration address : 		Kirchplatz 2
91555 Feuchtwangen
Website : www.feuchtwangen.de
Mayor : Patrick Ruh ( CSU )
Location of the town of Feuchtwangen in the district of Ansbach
Landkreis Donau-Ries Ansbach Fürth Landkreis Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim Landkreis Fürth Landkreis Roth Landkreis Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen Unterer Wald Lehrberg Adelshofen (Mittelfranken) Bechhofen (Mittelfranken) Bruckberg (Mittelfranken) Buch am Wald Burk Colmberg Dentlein am Forst Diebach Dietenhofen Dinkelsbühl Dombühl Ehingen (Mittelfranken) Feuchtwangen Flachslanden Gebsattel Gerolfingen Geslau Heilsbronn Insingen Langfurth Leutershausen Lichtenau (Mittelfranken) Merkendorf (Mittelfranken) Mönchsroth Neuendettelsau Neusitz Oberdachstetten Ohrenbach Petersaurach Röckingen Rothenburg ob der Tauber Rügland Sachsen bei Ansbach Schillingsfürst Schnelldorf Schopfloch (Mittelfranken) Steinsfeld Unterschwaningen Wassertrüdingen Weidenbach (Mittelfranken) Weihenzell Weiltingen Wettringen (Mittelfranken) Wieseth Windelsbach Windsbach Wittelshofen Wörnitz (Gemeinde) Wolframs-Eschenbach Wilburgstetten Ornbau Mitteleschenbach Herrieden Dürrwangen Burgoberbach Aurach (Landkreis Ansbach) Arberg Baden-Württembergmap
About this picture

Feuchtwangen (Franconian Feichtwang ) is a town in the Central Franconian district of Ansbach . With 12,000 inhabitants and 137 km², the largest municipality in the district in terms of population and area, and the second largest municipality in Middle Franconia by area behind Nuremberg, is located directly on the Romantic Road . Feuchtwangen is one of 13 so-called efficient municipalities in Bavaria.

geography

Geographical location

Geographically and geologically, Feuchtwangen is located on the Frankenhöhe , part of the Swabian-Franconian layer level country, which is also known as the Gips-Keuper landscape. Characteristic of this landscape is the rapid change from deep valley depressions and mostly wooded mountain ranges, caused by the low resistance of the Keup layers . So the watercourses in the area were able to clear wide valleys here. The town of Feuchtwangen is located in the Sulzach valley , the extensive urban area also includes parts of the Wörnitz valley.

Neighboring communities

Schnelldorf , Wörnitz , Dombühl , Aurach , Herrieden , Wieseth , Dentlein am Forst , Dürrwangen , Schopfloch , Dinkelsbühl (all districts of Ansbach, Bavaria) and Kreßberg ( districts of Schwäbisch Hall , Baden-Württemberg )

Community structure

There are 91 officially named parts of the municipality (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):

There is also the living spaces Bronnenmühle , Grange , Oberglas mill , Raffelshof , greenhouse mill and Wiegelshof , all of which are not official parts of municipalities, and the deserted villages Aicha mill , Eulenhof , Case House , Freimann Mountain , Heimlich , Mack Hofen , Rammerzell , Röschenhof , grinding mill , Uzenweiler , Vogelweid and brick cottage .

climate

  • Diagram of precipitation mean values ​​Feuchtwangen for the period from 1961 to 1990

  • Precipitation diagram for Feuchtwangen (blue curve) before the mean values ( quantiles ) for Germany (gray)

The average annual rainfall in Feuchtwangen is 729 mm.

history

Collegiate Church in Feuchtwangen

Benedictine imperial monastery and subsequent Augustinian canons' monastery

Feuchtwangen stepped out of the shadows of history with the first mention of the Benedictine monastery of St. Salvator and was first mentioned in a document in 818/819 as a "medium-wealthy" imperial abbey. As a result of the desperate conditions in the imperial abbey, the monastery came to the Bishop of Augsburg as a separate church. Among other things, St. Ulrich carried out visitations in Feuchtwangen, as the monastery was the northernmost in the diocese of Augsburg. The later conditions in the monastery describe 16 letters from the learned monk Froumund and the abbot Wigo from the years 991 to 995. The conversion of the monastery into a secular canon monastery with Augustinian canons was completed by 1197 at the latest . It was staffed with twelve canons and a provost , in addition there were the associated collegiate vicarians. The canons of the monastery were not monks, they lived in their own houses, but performed their choir prayers together in the monastery church. The monastery became the legal successor to the monastery and was endowed with important possessions, relics and rights. The monastery, its interests and thus the legal position often stood in opposition or competition to the city, as the monastery was jealous of its rights inside and outside the city wall. Due to the rich reliquary (for example there was a nail from the cross of Christ until 1546) Feuchtwangen was the place of important pilgrimages in Catholic times. This relic was so important that it is reflected in the coat of arms of the monastery: It depicts three nails that stand for the alleged nail of the cross of Christ.

Imperial city and both communities

In addition to this imperial monastery or monastery, there was a village settlement from the earliest times. The Staufer emperors founded the city between 1150 and 1178. In the year 1241 Feuchtwangen is mentioned as an imperial city in the imperial tax register (Item de Fuhtwangen XX mr). Since that time the place has consisted of two independent communities, the royal imperial city south of the line Untere Torstrasse - Postgasse and the monastery area north of it. In 1354 this city council, mentioned for the first time, was headed by a mayor who, together with the council, was responsible for external representation. Since 1360, no citizen was allowed to be summoned to any other court than that of his own bailiff, and so the city stood on an equal footing with other imperial cities such as Nuremberg, Rothenburg, Ulm or Dinkelsbühl.
With other imperial cities such as Rothenburg or Dinkelsbühl, the city in the Swabian League of Cities tried to enforce common interests against the princes. Feuchtwangen had become rich due to the favorable traffic situation and was pledged three times by emperors, the last time together with the monastery or the monastery bailiwick in 1376 to the burgraviate of Nuremberg , which later became the margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach . It was no longer possible to buy the city out. No emperor released the pledge, and Feuchtwangen's real freedom from the empire ended relatively early. De jure, Feuchtwangen retained the status of a pledged imperial city until 1803. The imperial eagle was still sealed until 1819. The imperial eagle is therefore also attached to the front of the tubular fountain as the right of the two city coats of arms.

Imperial city, pledges up to modern times

The fact that it joined the Swabian Association of Cities in 1306/1307 shows that a city council was able to be constituted in Feuchtwangen . This local coalition comprised the cities of Augsburg , Esslingen , Ulm , Reutlingen , Gmünd , Heilbronn , Weil , Wimpfen , Schwäbisch Hall , Marbach , Donauwörth , Sinsheim , Heidolfsheim, Lauingen , Nördlingen , Giengen , Bopfingen , Feuchtwangen, Kirchheim, Burgau and Günzburg . The motive and goal of founding the political association was to secure the peace against the local rulers who were gaining strength and who tried to narrow the up-and-coming cities in their area of ​​development. The legal nature of this interest group was an oath association, by promissory oath of the representatives of the individual members. The representatives of the city council of Feuchtwangen had to have been given the appropriate authorization. On October 16, 1347 Charles IV confirmed to Count Albrecht von Oettingen the pledges that he and his father had had from the empire, namely the two markets Aufkirchen and Feuchtwangen. How long the pledge to the Counts of Oettingen lasted is not known, nor is the modalities for redemption. The Hohenlohe document book in the Öhringen archive refers to a document dated August 7, 1324, according to which King Ludwig pledged his town of Feuchtwangen for 500 pounds hellers to Gottfried et Cunrad de Hohenloh . The city must have been pledged twice by Emperor Ludwig. In this case, too, nothing has been reported about the manner in which it was triggered. A turning point in the city's history is the pledge of the city and bailiwick of the monastery on April 23, 1376 by Emperor Karl IV. For 5000 fl to his brother-in-law the Burgrave of Nuremberg. An imperial mortgage bond usually meant that the residents would not have new ones Obligations could be complained about, what had to be observed by the pledgee and which could be punished with a penalty. A corresponding passage was not included in the pledge of 1376. This deficiency was corrected on March 9, 1380 at the express request of the city council. This document is of legal significance as it shows that the status of the imperial city was not lost through the pledge. On November 6, 1376, Bishop Burkart von Augsburg confirmed to Burgrave Friedrich von Nürnberg that he would maintain and accept the Feuchtwangen monastery. On August 11, 1406 there was a further pledge by the Roman-German King Ruprecht . He pledged his imperial city and the imperial bailiwick for the second time to the Burgraves of Nuremberg (Burgrave Friedrich) with a serious expansion of the pledge area. From this point in time, the deposit area comprised all usufruct , usage and encumbrance rights. The privilege of March 9, 1380 was thus suspended and the two legal structures of the city and the monastery were now at the mercy of the pledgee. The release or redemption of the pledge was fixed for an unlimited period. A redemption was possible even after centuries: The deposit of Landau, for example, was only released by Emperor Maximilian I in 1517, but the pledging was already in 1324 by Ludwig the Elder. B. takes place. Since Feuchtwangen was not or has not been redeemed, it retained the status of a pledged imperial city (almost until the end of the Holy Roman Empire). Economically, however, it was relegated to a Brandenburg-Ansbach country town. Until 1819, the seal was still with the right-facing eagle for the "bailiwick in the country".
At the beginning of the 14th century the town was pledged to the Counts of Oettingen (the successors of the Counts of Greisbach ) and this was expressly confirmed in a document in 1347. However, Feuchtwangen had to be released again in the following period. From 1331 the annual imperial tax was set at 100 florins, which the new pledgee increased to 200 florins. But then he generously waived the payment in favor of the new construction of the city wall. The round city fortifications had three gates, a passage in the north (today's Jahnstraße in the area of Altstraße towards Sulzachfurt ), nine small round and three triangular wall towers plus two large round towers and two moats in front of the lower gate. Between these two large towers, the citizen tower and the digestion tower , a piece of wall jumps out, the so-called öttingische Veste , so it existed before 1400. The regular course of the city wall (construction time from 1395 to 1430) shows that it was built in one go. In 1407 the Bishop of Augsburg gave permission to demolish parts of the churchyard wall, dating from the monastery period, in favor of building the city wall. The monastery area itself was structurally fenced and the last part of the monastery wall fell in 1488 when the Maur des Kichhoffs towards the market with the Thor and Thur was laid down. After lifting of the pin lived on the rights and freedoms, still partially forth derived from the convent, for centuries, such as the immunity and as Freiung consisting until the 1716th
After the city was destroyed by the Swabian Association of Cities in 1388, both parts of Feuchtwangen were surrounded by a common wall around 1400, which facilitated the merging into a community. The city became the seat of a margraves' office of Ansbach and the location of various markets, so it retained its importance and flourished again in the 15th and 16th centuries. The unrest of the Peasants' War in 1525 enabled the introduction of the Reformation , which happened in 1533 in the entire margraviate. The monastery was confiscated in 1563 and its important possessions were often misused by the margraves for private purposes. In the course of this, the parish's assets were also lost, as these could be incorporated into the monastery by the canons.

It was the Schmalkaldic War that brought Feuchtwangen to the brink of ruin. On Sunday, November 30, 1546, Count Büren appeared between eight and nine o'clock and asked for immediate entry into the city. Unfortunately, they were all in the church and at the same time the mayor Karl Döhler, who carried the keys to the gates and did not want the service to be interrupted by the invasion of the troops. The opening of the gates was repeatedly demanded under threats, negotiations were still ongoing and attempts were made to delay the return of the courier, who had meanwhile been sent to Ansbach, when suddenly the emperor himself appeared. Indignantly, he ordered the gates to be opened immediately, but no one found the keys. The emperor asked the mayor to have him hanged. Warned by some soldiers, however, he slipped away and in fear of heart he kept the keys in his pocket. Two gates were forcibly opened, four citizens stabbed at the entrance, the houses were released for looting, the churches were robbed and the relics were smashed, the documents were torn up, the papers and files were strewn under the horses' hooves. The town was set to burn down after the sacking. Then at last Margrave Albrecht came up with the troops that were pulling in. He took pity on the city, whose regent he soon hoped to become, and asked the emperor to spare him. So Feuchtwangen was saved from destruction and its mayor got away happily. The first horrors of the looting were over, and the unfortunate citizens gathered together what had been scattered on the streets and what was still to some extent of use or to be restored. The easiest way to do this was with the holy nail from the cross of Jesus, which the Spaniards had taken with them: Dean Dietrich sent to the locksmith and had a new one made. But the documents were lost and they are the most lamentable loss the city suffered at that time.
The Thirty Years War brought misery and hardship, especially through the looting of the Soldateska Tillys in 1631. In 1632 and 1634, Swedes and imperialists took what was left of their property with them. It took decades for the city and the surrounding area to recover. The numerous evangelical expellees from Austria who found a new home in the Feuchtwanger area after the war also contributed to the recovery .

The report of the Oberamt vineyard from June 18, 1760 there is criticism that the mail car had run before 1754 without a license and in the Treaty of 1761 determines that the mail coach of Nuremberg on Feuchtwangen Hall and through the Hohenlohe on to Heilbronn and Durlach out becomes. The concessions were renewed every 30 years. Today, the former Posthof zum Storchen (now Hotel Post ) as the largest profane building on the market square still bears witness to its importance, and at the same time it was a ducal inn and an imperial post office .

Until 1791 Feuchtwangen remained Brandenburg-Ansbach Oberamtsstadt, which from 1500 was in the Franconian Empire . The last childless Margrave Carl Alexander ceded his land to the Kingdom of Prussia . The new Prussian organization of the principality formed the Crailsheimer Kreis from the Ansbach Oberamt Crailsheim and Feuchtwangen ; it followed in this course the separation of powers through the separation of administration and justice introduced. With the patent of the Prussian King dated November 19, 1795 and the instructions for all city courts, judicial offices and patrimonial courts of the Principality of Ansbach dated June 11, 1797, the regulations were specified and the judicial offices established. In the Crailsheim district there were then the Crailsheim and Feuchtwangen judicial offices as well as the Crailsheim City Court. In 1805 there was a third coalition war against France. During the march to Munich, General Bernadotte had violated the neutrality of the Prussian principality of Ansbach . In the Treaty of Schönbrunn of December 15, 1805, Prussia had to surrender the Principality of Ansbach-Bayreuth to France in exchange for the Electorate of Hanover . On January 1, 1806, the principality finally came to the new Kingdom of Bavaria . Bavaria introduced a new administrative divisions: from Crailsheim circle as were regional court circles designated Gerhardsbronn (now Gerabronn) , Crailsheim and Feuchtwangen formed, from which later the counties were formed, including the county Feuchtwangen . Parts of the Crailsheim district also went to the newly formed Bavarian district court Dinkelsbühl , which all belonged to the newly formed Rezatkreis (which later became Middle Franconia ) of the Kingdom of Bavaria. The district ( district ) office and the district court later emerged from the regional court . Through the border treaty between the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Kingdom of Württemberg of May 18, 1810, the Bavarian regional courts of Gerabronn and Crailsheim and small parts of the regional courts of Dinkelsbühl and Feuchtwangen became part of Württemberg and the western towns of Feuchtwangen became border areas.

With the community edict (early 19th century), the tax district and the municipal community Feuchtwangen were formed, to which the places Ameisenbrücke , Fallhaus , Schleifmühle and Ziegelhütte belonged. The municipality was under the administration and jurisdiction of the Feuchtwangen district court and originally had an area of ​​7.523 km².

During the long peace period of the 19th century, the face of the city changed significantly. The lower gate tower was demolished as well as other parts of the city fortifications. The hospital gate to the south burned down in 1811 and was opened. The city was connected to the Nuremberg – Crailsheim near Dombühl railway by an approximately eleven kilometer long route , for which the city raised significant sums of money. Nevertheless, development stagnated in the 19th and 20th centuries until World War II. While some districts of Feuchtwangen suffered damage in the Second World War, the core city itself was spared.

A renewed upswing set in in the post-war period with the influx of many expellees . Feuchtwangen had been the armed forces base since 1961 . The Luftwaffe's telecommunications departments were stationed in the Hochmeister barracks , which was abandoned in 1997 . Due to the municipal reform , the city lost its function as an official city. Today it is one of the ten largest cities in Bavaria by area due to the merger with ten surrounding communities. In 1999 the Bayerische Bauakademie , an advanced training facility for the Bavarian building trade, moved into the former barracks. In 2000, the state casino Feuchtwangen was opened, which in 2005 was again the best visited and the highest-turnover of all Bavarian casinos .

Religion / denomination

  • 68.3% Protestant
  • 20.0% Catholic
  • 11.7% other

The relationship with the Jewish fellow citizens is very old, because there was already a Jewish community in Feuchtwangen in the Middle Ages and until 1938 in the modern era. As early as the second half of the 13th century, Jews can be found in the city: after 1340 Wolflin from Bamberg and Selmlin von Eggolsheim worked as moneylenders in the city. In 1348/49 Jews from Feuchtwangen were also murdered during the persecution of Jews during the plague. In the following centuries there is only a few pieces of evidence; in 1447 a Jew from Feuchtwang was buried in Nördlingen . In 1555 the Jews had to leave Feuchtwangen, or they did not receive an extension of their residence permit. In 1599 a Jew still lived or again lived in the village. A new community was able to emerge in the course of the 17th century, which at times had its own rabbi. The city's Jews were threatened with disaster in 1656 because of a Christian child allegedly killed by Jews, but the informers were convicted of untruth and the Jews were given a certificate of innocence. In 1714, 18 Jewish families lived in the city. In the Museum Street 19 which was synagogue built with a school room for religious education and a ritual bath and inaugurated in the year 1833rd The burial of the dead of the community took place in the cemetery in Schopfloch . From 1841 to 1879 the Jewish community in Feuchtwangen was assigned to the district rabbinate in Schopfloch , and then to the rabbinate district of Ansbach . In 1933, 39 Jewish people lived in Feuchtwangen (1.6% of 2370 inhabitants). Constantly increasing reprisals convinced the last Feuchtwanger Jews that there was no more room for them in the village: In March 1933, 77% of the National Socialists had been elected. During the November pogrom in 1938 , the synagogue was desecrated and burned down by SA men, and later demolished. The riots and the consequences of the economic boycott caused all Jewish residents to leave the city by 1938. The new building of the Franconian Museum stands today on the square of the synagogue area; since 1984 a memorial plaque on the building commemorates this.

Incorporations

As part of the municipal reform in the 1970s, the following incorporations took place:

Former
parish		 Residents
(1970)		 date annotation
Aichau 710 January 1, 1972 Incorporation of 524 of the 710 inhabitants (with Jakobsmühle, Deletemühle, Oberahorn, Thürnhofen and Unterahorn),
reclassification of 89 residents to Wieseth,
reclassification of 88 residents to Herrieden,
reclassification of 9 residents to Dentlein am Forst
Aichenzell 486 January 1, 1972 with Esbach, Hammerschmiede, Herrnschallbach, Höfstetten, Kaltenbronn, Mögersbronn, Sommerau, Überlagmühle, Walkmühle, Winterhalten and Zehdorf
Banzenweiler 301 July 1, 1971 with Bieberbach, Georgenhof, Jungshof, Krebshof, Krobshausen, Leiperzell, Oberransbach, Oberrothmühle, Poppenweiler, Unterransbach, Unterrothmühle and Weiler am See
Breitenau 768 January 1, 1972 with Gehrenberg, Ratzendorf, Sperbersbach, Ungetsheim, Zischendorf and Zumhaus
Dorfgütingen 542 January 1, 1972 with Archshofen, Bonlanden, Böhlhof, Bühl, Dornberg, Krobshäuser Mühle, Neidlingen and Rödenweiler
Heilbronn 457 January 1, 1972 with Herbstmühle, Lichtenau, Metzlesberg, Rißmannschallbach, Wüstenweiler and Zumberg
Krapfenau 473 July 1, 1971 with Bernau, Eschenlach, Hainmühle, Koppenschallbach, Krapfenau-Mühle, Lotterhof, Oberlottermühle, Schönmühle, St. Ulrich, Unterlottermühle, Volkertsweiler, Wehlmäusel and Weikersdorf
Larrieden 310 January 1, 1972 with Heiligenkreuz, upper rear courtyard and lower rear courtyard
Mosbach 639 January 1, 1972 with Bergnerzell, Kühnhardt am Schlegel, Reichenbach, Seiderzell and Tribur
Vorderbreitenthann 561 January 1, 1972 with Charhof, Charmühle, Glashofen, Hinterbreitenthann, Oberdallersbach, Steinbach, Tauberschallbach, Unterdallersbach and Wolfsmühle

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population increased from 10,679 to 12,452 by 1,773 inhabitants or 16.6%.

Feuchtwangen municipality

year 1818 1840 1852 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1961 1970 1987 1995 2005 2015
Residents 2068 2240 2312 2180 2345 2392 2535 2711 2468 2372 2355 2385 2428 2486 2327 2339 2370 2380 3713 3848 4507 5597 10603 12006 12225 12238
Houses 382 306 385 370 379 452 486 743 2724 3338
source

Part of the municipality Feuchtwangen

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 2029 2200 2180 2366 2443 2369 2325 3829 4489 5570 5778
Houses 382 306 364 376 448 483 739 1503
source

politics

City council

The municipal council election on March 15, 2020 resulted in the following composition of the municipal council:

Parties and lists Share of votes Seats
CSU Christian Social Union 40.39% 10
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 12.73% 03
Green Greens - We for Feuchtwangen 20.06% 05
UBF Independent citizenship Feuchtwangen 16.49% 04th
WWW We want change - a voice for Feuchtwangen: 10.33% 02
total 100% 24
Turnout: 57.69%

mayor

In the last local election on March 15, 2020 , Patrick Ruh (CSU) was re-elected mayor with 51.4% of the votes cast. The second mayor is Georg Sperling (SPD).

badges and flags

Feuchtwangen coat of arms
 Blazon : "in silver on green ground a green spruce."

Green and white municipal flag

Justification for the coat of arms: The spruce stands for the place name: "a field with spruce trees".

Since 1819, the city has had the spruce as the only coat of arms. The coat of arms with the green spruce on a silver background was also available with a three-mountain (e.g. as a tin caster's mark). As a sign of city law, the spruce coat of arms was temporarily crowned with a wreath.

In addition to the spruce coats of arms that are only used today, there are two more:

  1. From the 14th to the 19th century the black imperial eagle was the first city symbol, the spruce was originally the second coat of arms of the city as a symbol of the outer council and the city court. The spruce coat of arms has been the only coat of arms since 1819. The coat of arms / seal with the imperial eagle stood for the "Vogtei auf dem Lande", a legal and administrative district of the imperial estate around Feuchtwangen, whose emergence can be assumed as early as Carolingian times. For centuries, the eagle was Feuchtwang's first city coat of arms.
  2. The coat of arms of the independent canon monastery Feuchtwangen represents three nails that stand for the alleged nail of the cross of Christ, which was kept on the monastery until 1546 and was the destination of an important pilgrimage (illustration from J. Siebmacher's large book of arms, Volume 1, 5th section, Second row: The coats of arms of the monasteries. Plate 2. - Nuremberg 1882 and reprint in volume 8. - Neustadt / Aisch 1976).

Town twinning

Culture and sights

Collegiate church

The historic old town

The best known is the market square, which the art historian Georg Dehio referred to in his standard work on art history as the "Festsaal Franconia ".

Old postcard view of the market square

The iron tube fountain from 1727 on the market square bears a statue of Minerva as the protector of handicrafts and trades. The coats of arms of the Ansbach margrave , the coat of arms of Württemberg as a symbol for the ironworks in Königsbronn and the two city coats of arms, imperial eagle and spruce, are shown on individual fields (all coats of arms panels are duplicated).

The former collegiate church, with Romanesque remains and later extensions, stands on the site of the former monastery church of the Benedictines or the Augustinian canons with an altar from the workshop of Michael Wolgemut . Originally it was a flat-roofed, three-aisled basilica, but due to the renovations over the centuries, nothing of this impression has survived (apart from the westwork, which is no longer original).

The Johanniskirche is the parish church of the place.

The Romanesque cloister serves as the backdrop for the open-air theater of the cloister plays. Individual parts presumably date from the second half of the 12th century.

"Box"
Feuchtwanger craftsmen's rooms

Only parts of the city wall ring from around 1400 with the remains of defensive towers have survived, mainly in places where houses were built on the inside of the city wall.

City wall section in the NE of the old town

The streets adjoining the market square with Museumsstrasse, Untere Torstrasse, Hindenburgstrasse, Bärmeyerplatz u. a., as well as the picturesque alleys on the city wall with their craftsmen and arable bourgeois houses, which almost always use the city wall as a back wall, z. B. Vorderer and Hinterer Spitzenberg, Hirtengasse, Gerbergasse, Webergasse, Jahnstrasse.

In the small gallery in the forestry office garden there are changing exhibitions by numerous hobby artists.

The Upper Gate in Hindenburgstrasse is the only one of the three former city gates that has been preserved. It was converted into a Biedermeier gatehouse in the 19th century. The lower gate had to give way to the growing traffic volume in 1869, the hospital gate collapsed after a fire in 1811 and was removed.

The “box” next to the Johanniskirche is a stately half-timbered building, built in 1565 by the manager Johannes Hufnagel, and served to receive the donations in kind of the monastery property of the monastery, which was repealed in 1563, for the margravial government . It stands on the foundations of the old Karner , in place of the Borkirche and the demolished Peter and Paul Chapel. After a renovation, it has been used as a town hall since 1982.

Franconian Museum

The legend of the founding of the city by Charlemagne is depicted on the pigeon fountain: Emperor Charlemagne , d. 814, hunted in the local area a few years before his death. He got lost in the forest and was tormented by intense thirst. Then he saw a pigeon fly up and when he reached this place he discovered a water source. Reinforced, his hunting party soon found him again and out of gratitude to God he had a church and a monastery built near the spring. So he became the founder of the town of Feuchtwangen.

The Schranne in Untere Torstraße houses the small city hall. Historical fire fighting equipment is on display in the basement.

Architectural monuments

Museums

Romanesque cloister
  • Franconian Museum , it is one of the most beautiful and richest folk art museums in southern Germany with extensive holdings (e.g. ceramics). After two years of renovation and renovation work, it was reopened at the end of February 2008 (the rich collection of faience, differently furnished living rooms with local furnishings over the centuries is particularly worth seeing).
  • Sängermuseum Feuchtwangen, the only choir museum in Germany
  • Craftsmen's
    rooms in the Romanesque cloister: The craftsmen's rooms are now on the upper floor of the west wing. This facility is a branch of the Franconian Museum, showing workshop rooms with parts from the original facilities of local master craftsmen (confectioners, dyers, potters, pewterers, shoemakers and weavers). Since there are no regular opening times, the visit is only possible by registering at the tourist office on the market square.

Regular events

  • The Feuchtwangen Cloister Play , a professional open-air theater, has been held from mid-June to mid-August since 1948 .
  • Since 2014, the KunstKlang chamber music festival under the artistic direction of Christiane Karg has been taking place at various locations in the city during the summer months .
  • Every year in the second half of September, the Mooswiese , the big folk festival, takes place on the Mooswiesenfestplatz .
  • The old town festival takes place every year on the market square in Feuchtwangen.
  • The summer feeling festival , a cabaret festival with various bands, organized by the association Sommerfühl e. V.
  • During the Advent season , a weekly Christmas market is held on the church square from Thursday to Sunday .

Feuchtwanger siskin

Feuchtwang's townspeople are dubbed “Zeiselesfänger” as a mockery. According to the legend, the mayor's wife escaped from the cage during the Biedermeier period and the spouse ordered the city gates to be closed on her urgent demand "to do something". Everyone was hunting the bird, but it flew over the city wall, and the "clever Feuchtwanger" were left behind.

Feuchtwanger winter pear (butter pear)

Feuchtwanger winter (butter) pear after harvest

is an old local variety from Feuchtwangen, which is particularly resistant to diseases and pests. It prefers normal to loose soil as a deep-rooted plant and thrives in a sunny to partially shaded location. Like all butter pears, it needs time after ripening to reach its yellowish-white, juicy, buttery, aromatic flesh. Contrary to its name, winter pear, it is a table pear and can only be stored for a limited time or (usually until December) when it is ripe, which occurs from October. The fruit is very large and bulbous and pear-shaped. To preserve the variety on site, a grafted specimen was planted in the garden of the Franconian Museum. The base of the tree is a perennial wild pear tree trunk, it was refined with leaflets from the Triesdorf tree nursery (the variety is still preserved here). The Feuchtwanger winter pear is not very widespread in and around Feuchtwangen, although according to experts the tree is very robust and produces particularly tasty fruit.
The fruit-bearing mother tree grew as a random seedling in the garden of the Feuchtwanger Stiftsdekans . A consultant for fruit growing and horticulture became aware of him and introduced him to a symposium of German fruit experts in Wiesbaden in 1926. This previously unknown variety was included in the specialist literature under the name Feuchtwanger Winter Pear and therefore spread. In the former Bavarian State Orchard (Canisiushof) in Theißing (Großmehring) , 7 fruit trees with offshoots from Feuchtwangen are also said to have been grafted. According to another tradition, the ancient tree stood in front of the former Feuchtwang hospital just a few decades ago. The variety has been widely distributed by the Triesdorf tree nursery since 1930 and has been planted as a robust fruit variety for a long time.

Educational institutions

schools

  • Science and modern language grammar school
  • Johann-Georg-von-Soldner- Realschule
  • Two primary and secondary schools
  • A school preparatory facility

Kindergartens

There are six kindergartens in Feuchtwangen, which are spread across the city.

Research institutions

  • Foundation for the Documentation and Research Center of the German Choir

Public facilities

fire Department

In the town of Feuchtwangen, the Feuchtwangen volunteer fire brigade , which also includes the fire brigades in the outlying areas, provides fire protection and general help. The Feuchtwangen fire department is a base fire department in the Ansbach district. It has eight vehicles and is responsible for defensive fire protection, technical assistance and disaster control in the city. In addition to the fire brigades from Schnelldorf and Rothenburg ob der Tauber , it belongs to the Ansbach-Land dangerous goods train. This train is responsible for the western area of ​​the Ansbach district. In Feuchtwangen, the site training z. B. for respiratory protection equipment wearers, machinists, radio operators and modular troop training (formerly troop man / troop leader).

police

Feuchtwangen, Ringstrasse 72

In Feuchtwangen, the Feuchtwangen police station of the Bavarian police is housed in the former royal Bavarian district court building. The area of ​​responsibility extends to the towns of Feuchtwangen and Herrieden, the market communities of Bechhofen, Dentlein a. F. and Dombühl as well as the communities of Aurach, Schnelldorf, Wieseth and Wörnitz.

Ambulance service

The Bavarian Red Cross (BRK) maintains an ambulance station with six vehicles in Feuchtwangen . In addition, a BRK motorcycle patrol is stationed in Feuchtwangen during certain times of the year . The guard is located on the Mooswiese next to the fire station . In addition, a disaster control medical equipment vehicle is stationed there.

Healthcare

Feuchtwangen owned a district hospital with 80 beds, which has meanwhile been converted into a practice clinic with short-term care and outpatient physiotherapy . Like its predecessor, it has belonged to the Ansbach district hospital since January 1, 2003, which is made up of the Rothenburg, Feuchtwangen and Dinkelsbühl hospitals. There is also a Diakonie , an old people's home and several pharmacies.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The main town is on federal road 25 and on motorways 6 and 7 ( Feuchtwangen / Crailsheim motorway junction ). The former B 14 between Schwäbisch Hall and Aurach was downgraded to state roads 2218 and 1066. The route ran from Schwäbisch Hall via Ilshofen , Crailsheim and Feuchtwangen to Aurach.

Feuchtwangen is on the Nördlingen – Dombühl railway line , which was opened in sections by the Bavarian State Railways : on April 15, 1876 from Dombühl to Feuchtwangen and on June 1, 1881 to Dinkelsbühl, which had been connected to Nördlingen since 1876. On June 1, 1985, regular passenger traffic was stopped by the Deutsche Bundesbahn . The Bavarian Railway Museum and its EVU BayernBahn GmbH ran a museum railway between Nördlingen and Feuchtwangen until October 2016 and freight traffic until November 2018. The route has been closed since January 2019.

Major industries

The following industries are important in Feuchtwangen, sorted by weighting:

  • Plastics industry (bumpers, automotive suppliers, hoses (partly medical), kitchen end strips)
  • Paper industry (packaging, bags, envelopes, medical packaging)
  • Electrical engineering (mechanical engineering for the production of printed circuit boards)
  • Metal industry (special production of steel components)
  • Glass processing, aerated concrete and animal feed industries
  • Several distribution centers for products from large companies due to the location at the A6 / A7 motorway junction

Telephone prefixes

In the city the area code 09852 applies. Deviating from this apply

  • the area code 09855 in Aichau, Jakobsmühle, Deletemühle, Oberahorn, Thürnhofen and Unterahorn,
  • the area code 09856 in Hammerschmiede, Krapfenau, Krapfenauer Mühle, Lotterhof, Oberlottermühle, Unterlottermühle, Wehlmäusel and Weikersdorf,
  • the area code 09857 in Heiligenkreuz, Larrieden, Mögersbronn, Oberhinterhof and Unterhinterhof and
  • the area code 07950 in Ratzendorf, Ungetsheim, Zischendorf and Zumhaus.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

People born in Feuchtwangen

People associated with Feuchtwangen

  • Monk Froumund (around 960 – around 1008) and Abbot Wigo (16 letters from the Benedictine monastery 991–995)
  • Walther von der Vogelweide (* around 1170, place of birth disputed, Feuchtwangen is represented as a possible place of birth in one thesis; † around 1230, possibly in Würzburg)
  • Konrad von Feuchtwangen (before 1230–1296), Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
  • Siegfried von Feuchtwangen († 1311), Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
  • Georg Vogtherr (1487–1539), canon vicarian, later canon and canon preacher, city pastor and superintendent (introduced the Reformation in Feuchtwangen)

literature

Web links

Commons : Feuchtwangen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Feuchtwangen in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

literature

  • Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Feuchtwang . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 2 : El-H . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1800, DNB  790364298 , OCLC 833753081 , Sp. 129-131 ( digitized version ).
  • Willi Hörber: Feuchtwanger Häuserbuch Druckerei Sommer, Feuchtwangen 1992.
  • Kurt von Ingersleben: Feuchtwangen and his district. A short guide through the history and art of Feuchtwangen and its surroundings. Herold-Verlag, Munich 1971.
  • Hans K. Ramisch: Feuchtwangen district. (Brief inventory) (= Bavarian art monuments. Volume 21). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1964.
  • Irene Reif : By the damp meadows. Wet cheeks. In: Franconia - my love. Oberfränkische Verlagsanstalt, Hof 1989, ISBN 3-921615-91-7 , p. 219 f.
  • Wilhelm Schaudig: History of the city and the former Feuchtwangen Abbey, Verlag Sommer and Schorr, Feuchtwangen 1927.
  • Anton Steichele (Ed.): The diocese Augsburg historically and statistically described . tape 3 . Schmiedsche Verlagbuchhandlung, Augsburg 1872, p. 333-404 ( digitized version ).
  • Gottfried Stieber: Feuchtwang . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 352-369 ( digitized version ).
  • Pleikard Joseph Stumpf : Feuchtwangen . In: Bavaria: a geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the kingdom; for the Bavarian people . Second part. Munich 1853, p. 715-716 ( digitized version ).
  • Dietrich Weiß: From the history of the Jewish community of Feuchtwangen 1274–1938. Working group for local history and city archive, Feuchtwangen 1991.
  • Fritz Wünschmeyer, Erich Binder: The oldest interest register of the parish Feuchtwangen Feuchtwangen 1991.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Mayor. Municipality of Feuchtwangen, accessed on July 3, 2020 .
  3. ^ Community Feuchtwangen in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 18, 2019.
  4. ↑ a b c d feuchtwangen.de
  5. ↑ a b Wilhelm Schaudig: History of the city and the former Feuchtwangen monastery. Verlag Sommer and Schorr, Feuchtwangen 1927, pp. 23–24.
  6. ↑ http://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/Reichssteuermatrikel1241.htm Also from Feuchtwangen 20 marks (Rothenburg 90 and Dinkelsbühl 60)
  7. ↑ a b Willi Hörber: Feuchtwanger house book. Druckerei Sommer, Feuchtwangen 1992, pp. 39–41.
  8. ^ Willi Hörber: The documents of the city of Feuchtwangen. 1979, p. 30 Orig. Parchment, storage location HStAM Brandenburg - Ansbach U 2264
  9. ↑ Willi Hörber, Friedrich Bruckner: The documents of the Feuchtwangen monastery 1209–1563 (-1790). 1972, p. 43 Orig. Parchment storage location HStAM Brandenburg - Ansbach U 1214
  10. ↑ Willi Hörber: Feuchtwanger house book. Druckerei Sommer, Feuchtwangen 1992, p. 40 f.
  11. ↑ Willi Hörber: Feuchtwanger house book. Druckerei Sommer, Feuchtwangen 1992, p. 41.
  12. ↑ Willi Hörber: Feuchtwanger house book. Druckerei Sommer, Feuchtwangen 1992, p. 23.
  13. ↑ geschichte-feuchtwangen.de
  14. ^ Friedrich Krauss: Exulanten im Evang.-Luth. Deanery Feuchtwangen. A family history investigation (= sources and research on Franconian family history, 6). Nuremberg 1999.
  15. ^ Friedrich Haas: Contributions to the traffic history of the old Württemberg traffic system (until 1819). In: Württemberg quarterly for regional history Stuttgart. XXV. Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1916, pp. 307-389.
  16. ^ Arthur E. Imhof: Bernadotte. French revolutionary general and Swedish-Norwegian king . Musterschmidt, Göttingen 1970, pp. 37-38.
  17. ↑ The House of Hohenzollern. A patriotic memorial book in pictures and words. Repr. D. Originals v. 1910, Europ.Geschichtsverlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86382-072-5 , pp. 175–176.
  18. ↑ documentarchiv.de
  19. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 36 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ a b c Eduard Vetter (Hrsg.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 104-105 ( digitized version ). According to the historical municipality register 1953, the municipality had 2232 inhabitants.
  21. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 775 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ Telecommunication and Electronic Reconnaissance of the Air Force
  23. ↑ alemannia-judaica.de
  24. ↑ alemannia-judaica.de
  25. ↑ alemannia-judaica.de
  26. ↑ alemannia-judaica.de
  27. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. bay_feuchtwangen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  28. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 132.
  29. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 2015 as residential buildings.
  30. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 25 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Feuchtwangen plus the residents and buildings of Ameisenbrücke (p. 5), Fallhaus (p. 24), Schleifmühle (p. 81), and Ziegelhütte (p. 106).
  31. ^ A b c d e f g h i Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 171 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  32. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1020-1021 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  33. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 160 ( digitized version ).
  34. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1185 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized ).
  35. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 63 ( digitized version ).
  36. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 180 ( digitized version ).
  37. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1116 ( digitized version ).
  38. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1183-1184 ( digitized version ).
  39. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1221 ( digitized version ).
  40. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1055 ( digitized version ).
  41. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 169 ( digitized version ).
  42. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 326 f . ( Digitized version ).
  43. ^ Feuchtwangen: Official statistics of the LfStat
  44. ↑ Local elections in Feuchtwangen: Patrick Ruh does it again
  45. ^ Entry on Feuchtwangen's coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  46. ↑ Feuchtwangen. In: Kommunalflaggen.eu. Retrieved March 11, 2020 .
  47. ↑ https://www.kunstklang-feuchtwangen.de
  48. ↑ Mittelfränkischer Heimatbogen, No. 84: Feuchtwangen und seine Umland, 1951; Karl Rüger, Karl Wirth - Edited by Rudolf Schlamp. Printing and publishing: Otto Schnug.