Dürrwangen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the market Dürrwangen
Dürrwangen
Map of Germany, position of the Dürrwangen market highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 7 '  N , 10 ° 23'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Middle Franconia
County : Ansbach
Height : 439 m above sea level NHN
Area : 23.03 km 2
Residents: 2575 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 112 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 91602
Area code : 09856
License plate : AN , DKB, FEU, ROT
Community key : 09 5 71 139
Market structure: 14 parts of the community

Market administration address : 		Sulzacher Str. 14
91602 Dürrwangen
Website : www.duerrwangen.de
Mayor : Jürgen Konsolke ( CSU )
Location of the Dürrwangen market in the Ansbach district
Landkreis Donau-Ries Ansbach Fürth Landkreis Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim Landkreis Fürth Landkreis Roth Landkreis Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen Unterer Wald Lehrberg Adelshofen (Mittelfranken) Bechhofen (Mittelfranken) Bruckberg (Mittelfranken) Buch am Wald Burk Colmberg Dentlein am Forst Diebach Dietenhofen Dinkelsbühl Dombühl Ehingen (Mittelfranken) Feuchtwangen Flachslanden Gebsattel Gerolfingen Geslau Heilsbronn Insingen Langfurth Leutershausen Lichtenau (Mittelfranken) Merkendorf (Mittelfranken) Mönchsroth Neuendettelsau Neusitz Oberdachstetten Ohrenbach Petersaurach Röckingen Rothenburg ob der Tauber Rügland Sachsen bei Ansbach Schillingsfürst Schnelldorf Schopfloch (Mittelfranken) Steinsfeld Unterschwaningen Wassertrüdingen Weidenbach (Mittelfranken) Weihenzell Weiltingen Wettringen (Mittelfranken) Wieseth Windelsbach Windsbach Wittelshofen Wörnitz (Gemeinde) Wolframs-Eschenbach Wilburgstetten Ornbau Mitteleschenbach Herrieden Dürrwangen Burgoberbach Aurach (Landkreis Ansbach) Arberg Baden-Württembergmap
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / market

Dürrwangen (Franconian: Dirrwang) is a market in the district of Ansbach in Middle Franconia ( Bavaria ).

geography

Geographical location

The place Dürrwangen is located in the southwestern district of Ansbach near the large district town of Dinkelsbühl and the city of Feuchtwangen (each 8 km away). The municipality is mostly located on the ridge between the valleys of the rivers Wörnitz and Sulzach and in the Sulzach valley west of the river. Only at the level of the main town Dürrwangen does the community area also extend over small areas (sports field settlement) to areas east of the Sulzach; otherwise the Sulzach forms the northeastern municipal boundary to the town of Feuchtwangen. Neighboring communities are (starting in the north clockwise): Feuchtwangen, Dentlein am Forst , Langfurth , Dinkelsbühl and Schopfloch .

The municipality covers an area of ​​2,302.62 hectares and is divided among others. a. as follows:

  • Forest area: 1,004.58 ha
  • Agricultural area: 978.31 ha
  • Water surface: 56.54 ha
  • Streets, paths, squares: 125.21 ha
  • Residential development: 52.41 ha
  • other building and open space: 51.91 ha

geology

The municipality is part of the south-western Franconian Keuper roof and is located in the foothills of the Franconian Alb south of the last foothills of the Franconian height . At Dürrwangen, the sandstone keuper with the upper castle sandstone forms the geological raw material for soil formation. The altitude of the community is between 433  m above sea level. NHN an der Sulzach on the municipal boundary southeast of the district Witzmannsmühle and 533  m above sea level. NHN in the “Herrenschlag” forest on the municipal boundary west of the Halsbach district.

Neighboring communities

The neighboring municipalities are (clockwise): City of Feuchtwangen , Markt Dentlein am Forst , municipality of Langfurth , large district town of Dinkelsbühl , Markt Schopfloch .

Community structure

The municipality has 14 officially named parts of the municipality (the type of settlement and the number of inhabitants (presented at the municipal meeting on February 28, 2016) are given in brackets ):

There are no official parts of the community

No longer existent parts of the community

climate

The climate on the southwestern Keuper roof is slightly subatlantic. In the long-term average (1951–1980) the annual mean temperature of the air is 7.5 ° C, the annual precipitation 650 mm. The growing season lasts 155–170 days. The mean annual fluctuation in air temperature is 19 ° C. The precipitation has a slight maximum in summer. The climatic conditions are favorable for plant growth.

history

Settlement of the Sulzach valley is assumed for around the fourth or fifth century. The first St. Peter's Church was founded in Halsbach in the 6th to 7th centuries. It is estimated that the oldest part of the building (tower) at the Dürrwang moated castle was built in the ninth century.

The first written mention of the name "Durnewanc" is on December 31, 1258. Ulrich von Wahrberg transferred the property to Count Ludwig III. von Oettingen owns his goods with the exception of Dürrwangen. The place name is derived from an identical field name, the basic word of which is "wang" ( ahd. For field) and the defining word "durnîn" ( mhd. For thorny) and therefore means thorny field .

In 1293 Walther von Dürrwangens was mentioned as the brother of Heinrich von Nortenberg, imperial governor of Nuremberg and Rothenburg. In the period from 1321 to 1352 Heinrich von Dürrwangen was bailiff, a separate noble family with the place name Dürrwangen existed. The first written mention of the name "Halspach" took place on February 15, 1323: Halsbach is mentioned as a parish village where the "Teutonic Order" is based from this point on. In 1343 a chapel was built in Dürrwangen, which probably still represents the Gothic choir of the parish church “ Maria Immaculata ” today. From 1433 to 1796 Dürrwangen was owned by the Counts of Oettingen .

On April 3, 1630, Gustav II Adolf of Sweden gave the possessions of the "Teutonic Order" and thus the parish of Halsbach to the council of the free imperial city of Nuremberg after his victory over the imperial under Tilly . In Dürrwangen, the evangelical line of the Count's House of Oettingen-Oettingen appointed an evangelical pastor who was also responsible for the parish of Halsbach - Dürrwangen and Halsbach were therefore evangelicals. Presumably on May 6, 1525, the Dürrwangen Castle was shot at and looted by the "Ellwanger Haufen" during the Peasants' War. After the battle of Nördlingen, on August 27, 1634, with the victory of the imperial dynasty, Dürrwangen, Halsbach and all associated towns became Catholic again. The independent parish of Halsbach could be re-occupied in 1656 with its own pastor. In 1686 Dürrwangen received a beneficiary at the instigation of Countess Rosalia von Oettingen . The church tower was raised to its present form between 1724 and 1733 and three new church bells were installed under Count Franz Albrecht von Oettingen-Spielberg.

Dürrwangen was in the Fraisch district of the Ansbach Oberamt Feuchtwangen . In the village itself, the Oettingen-Spielberg Oberamt Dürrwangen was entitled to the high court . The Oberamt Dürrwangen also ruled the village and the community and was the landlord over all properties. In 1732 there were 78 properties (2 courtyards, 54 estates, 22 Sölden houses). Of these 78 properties, 5 had commercial, 4 baking, 1 blacksmith and 3 stovetop fires. There was also 1 castle, 1 floor house in the castle tower, 1 chapel (Catholic, to the parish of Halsbach), 1 town hall with pillory, 1 high court, 1 schoolhouse and 1 shepherd's house. By the end of the 18th century there were around 116 properties.

In 1796 Dürrwangen fell to the Crown of Prussia - Principality of Ansbach as part of the territorial exchange between Oettingen and Prussia. From 1797 to 1808 the place was subordinate to the Justice and Chamber Office Feuchtwangen . The chaplain benefice was reserved for the Princely House of Oettingen-Spielberg and is still entitled to it today.

In 1806 Dürrwangen came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . With the municipal edict , the tax district Dürrwangen was formed in 1809 , to which the places Dattelhof , Halsbach , Haslach , Hirschbach , Hopfengarten , Labertswend , Lohmühle , Obermühle , Rappenhof , Sulzach , Trendelmühle , Wiesenhof and Witzmannsmühle belonged. At the same time, the rural community Dürrwangen was formed, to which Hirschbach, Hopfengarten, Labertswend, Obermühle, Rappenhof, Sulzach, Trendelmühle and Wiesenhof belonged. With the second community edict (1818), two rural communities were formed:

  • Dürrwangen with Hirschbach, Hopfengarten, Labertswend, Obermühle, Rappenhof, Trendelmühle and Wiesenhof
  • Sulzach.

The administration and jurisdiction of the municipality of Dürrwangen was subordinate to the Dinkelsbühl regional court and the Dinkelsbühl rent office for financial administration ( renamed Dinkelsbühl tax office in 1919 , Ansbach tax office since 1973 ). The jurisdiction remained with the District Court of Dinkelsbühl until 1879, from 1879 to 1973 the District Court of Dinkelsbühl was responsible, which has been a branch of the District Court of Ansbach since 1973 . The administration was taken over by the newly created Dinkelsbühl district office in 1862 (renamed the Dinkelsbühl district in 1938 ). With the dissolution of the Dinkelsbühl district in 1972, Dürrwangen came to the Ansbach district. In 1961 the municipality had an area of ​​7.362 km².

Religions

For a long time, Dürrwangen was owned by the Principality of Oettingen-Spielberg, which decided in favor of the Catholic faith after the Reformation and the Peace of Augsburg . The inhabitants of Dürrwangen are therefore traditionally Catholic. Only in the course of the post-war period did more Protestants move in.

With the approval of King Ludwig I of Bavaria, Dürrwangen became an independent parish on March 15, 1833 and separated from the parish of Halsbach. The nave for around 500 worshipers was enlarged in 1853. The parish parts of Sulzach, Labertswend and Rappenhof came from the parish of Halsbach to the parish of Dürrwangen in 1884. In 1936/1937 the nave was extended and a new nave and modernization followed.

Today 58% profess the Roman Catholic and 33% the Evangelical faith. The rest are non-denominational or Muslim .

Incorporations

Former
parish		 Residents
(1970)		 date
Halsbach 267 07/01/1971
Haslach 308 05/01/1978
News 100 01/01/1971
Sulzach - 10/01/1969

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population increased from 2391 to 2585 by 194 inhabitants or 8.1%.

Dürrwangen municipality

year 1818 1840 1852 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1961 1970 1987 2005 2011 2015
Residents 785 1043 1005 1022 1000 971 969 967 1014 885 832 793 809 883 923 1083 1226 1143 1599 1491 1328 1429 2402 2587 2551 2585
Houses 163 134 150 185 192 202 233 282 650 793 804
source

Part of the municipality Dürrwangen

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 657 846 861 813 858 669 918 1306 1140 1242 1320
Houses 128 106 156 157 171 198 241 376
source

language

Dürrwangen lies on a main language barrier between Swabian and East Franconian dialect. Therefore, the dialect of the place can be assigned to the Swabian dialects. However, this does not apply to all parts of the community: Flinsberg, Neuses and Hopfengarten are included in the East Franconian dialect.

politics

Municipal council

After the last local election on March 16, 2014 , the local council has 14 members. The turnout was 61.59%. The choice brought the following result:

  CSU / Citizens' Block    9 seats (67.68%)
  SPD / Free electorate 5 seats (32.32%)

Another member and chairman of the municipal council is the 1st mayor.

mayor

  • Franz Winter, Dürrwangen (full-time 1st mayor)
  • Jürgen Konsolke, Dürrwangen (honorary 2nd mayor)
  • Georg Kolb, Halsbach (3rd honorary mayor)

Franz Winter (CSU-Bürgerblock) has been in office since May 1996. He was confirmed in office in March 2014 with 84.51% of the votes.

badges and flags

The municipality of Dürrwangen has had a coat of arms since 1976.

Coat of arms of Dürrwangen
 Blazon : “ Quartered ; 1: three pointed, shortened, black bars in silver; 2 and 3: a silver St. Andrew's cross in red; 4: three pointed, shortened black posts in silver. "

White-black-white municipal flag

Justification of the coat of arms: A market seal for Dürrwangen has come down to us from the late 15th century, which roughly corresponds to today's coat of arms. The St. Andrew's Cross is taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Oettingen , who ruled the town until the end of the 18th century. The beams and posts are distinguishing features of the count's coat of arms. The market Dürrwangen has not had the coat of arms since the 19th century. The re-acceptance of the old coat of arms took place through a resolution of the municipal council in 1976.

Community partnerships

The community has no partnerships with other communities.

Economic situation

The Dürrwangen market is in a solid financial position. At the end of 2015, the community was debt free.

Culture and sights

Buildings

Numerous buildings have been preserved from the eventful history of the market:

  • Dürrwangen Castle
The former moated castle is the oldest building in Dürrwangen. The keep dates from the early Middle Ages (probably 9th century). Unfortunately, the moat around the former moated castle has silted up today. However, the defensive wall and the three-arched sandstone cube bridge from the 18th century are well preserved. The three-storey main building in the Baroque style with plaster structures ( pilasters ) was built in its current form in the years 1720–1724 after several fires. As part of a general renovation between 1999 and 2002, another wing was added and the old rooms with their parquet floors and stucco ceilings were restored to their original state. Today Dürrwangen Castle is the seat of various service companies.
  • Catholic parish church Maria Immaculata in Dürrwangen
The former Marienkirche in Dürrwangen was elevated to the parish church of Maria Immaculata in 1884 - 51 years after Dürrwangen was converted into an independent parish. The Gothic choir of the hall church probably dates from the 14th century, the lower floors of the tower from the second half of the 15th century. The church tower was raised to its final height with an onion dome in 1724. The nave from 1853 has been constantly changed by renovation and expansion work and its current design dates from 1936/37. The choir altar with its carved figures, the large painting on the front wall of the nave, the pictures on the organ gallery and the stained glass are particularly worth seeing. The later professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, Franz Nagel, was responsible for the entire design of the parish church . He also created the modern stained glass in the confessional chapel, which was built in 1972.
  • Gate tower Dürrwangen
The gate tower of the former fortification dates from the late Middle Ages. The plastered building with half-timbered gable bears the municipal coat of arms and the coat of arms of the Princely House of Oettingen.
Dürrwanger town hall
  • Town hall Dürrwangen
The two-storey hipped roof house with plastered structure was built in the late 18th century as the first school building on site. It has been the seat of Dürrwangen's market administration since 1962. In 1981 a renovation took place.
  • Dürrwangen Memorial Chapel
The former "Painful Chapel" probably dates from 1777 and was built as a hipped roof with an open vestibule and wooden supports.
The three-aisled basilica complex with three apses probably dates from the 12th century and was redesigned in Baroque style in 1751. The cemetery with its high fortification wall probably dates back to 1754, has a medieval core with two entrance gates and an outside staircase as well as historical tombstones. In the cemetery wall there is a mount of olives with wooden figures from the 17th century.
  • Numerous chapels, field chapels, field altars, wayside shrines, field crosses and stone crosses throughout the municipality
  • Historic mill properties, e.g. B. Trendelmühle, Lohmühle and Witzmann mill (was eponymously here the former, now under monument protection standing mill from the 17th century)
  • Several archaeological monuments, e.g. B. Burial mounds, Neolithic settlement finds

See also: List of architectural monuments in Dürrwangen and List of ground monuments in Dürrwangen

nature and landscape

Dürrwangen is located in a hilly landscape crossed by forests with numerous chains of ponds. The municipality is shaped by the valley of the strongly meandering Sulzach river .

Sports

Numerous sports clubs are active in Markt Dürrwangen:

  • TSV 08 Dürrwangen (tennis, soccer, volleyball)
  • SV HFN (Hop Garden-Flinsberg-Neuses)
  • Shooting club "Edelweiß" Haslach
  • Shooting Society Halsbach
  • Dürrwangen cycling club
  • Mochumer ESC (ice skater)

Culture and leisure

The following groups are active in the cultural and leisure sector in Markt Dürrwangen:

  • Choral Society Dürrwangen
  • Dürrwangen brass band
  • Dürrwanger Harles singer
  • Chick peas
  • Club fans Dürrwangen e. V.

Economy and Infrastructure

The community is a member of the Romantic Franconian Tourist Association and the Hesselberg Region Development Company.

traffic

To the west of the municipality, the federal motorway 7 (Ulm-Würzburg) runs from south to north, the closest junctions are Dinkelsbühl-Fichtenau or Feuchtwangen-West. North of the municipality, the federal motorway 6 (Heilbronn – Nürnberg) runs from west to east, the closest junctions are Feuchtwangen-Nord, Aurach, Herrieden or Ansbach. The district road AN 41 runs south to state road 2220 near Halsbach and northwest to Weikersdorf . The AN 42 runs west via Flinsberg and Lehenbuch to federal highway 25 at Schopfloch and east to Eschenlach . A community connecting road runs southwest over Labertswend and past Hopfengarten to Dinkelsbühl , another community connecting road runs northwest to Sulzach , another southeast to St 2220.

There is a rail connection to the long-distance routes Stuttgart-Nuremberg and Würzburg-Ingolstadt at Ansbach train station. The nearest commercial airport is in Nuremberg, a small airport in Dinkelsbühl-Sinbronn.

Established businesses

The Dürrwangen market is not a location for well-known large companies. However, mainly in the main town of Dürrwangen and in the districts of Halsbach and Haslach, there are medium-sized businesses (mainly crafts and services). Nevertheless, a large part of the population commutes to jobs outside the market, because (as of December 31, 2004) only 234 jobs subject to social security were registered in the municipality. The smaller districts of the market in particular are characterized by agriculture. In the municipality there are (as of 2005) 26 farms, 2 of which farm more than 50 hectares of agricultural land. The winter quarters of Circus Carl Busch are in Haslach.

education

There is an elementary school in Dürrwangen.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • June 13, 1987: Martin Achter (1905–1995), 1934–1944 pastor in Dürrwangen, later episcopal vicar in Augsburg
  • August 17, 1998: Hans Beißer (1923–2013), former mayor, honorary mayor of the community from 1966 to 1996
  • September 9, 2006: Dr. Jürgen Dressel (* 1936), 1970–2012 general practitioner for the community
  • February 28, 2016: Sebastian Klaus (* 1944), 1978–2016 pastor in Dürrwangen

Sons and daughters

literature

Web links

Commons : Dürrwangen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Dürrwangen in the Topographia Sueviae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Our employees at a glance. Municipality of Dürrwangen, accessed on June 11, 2020 .
  3. ^ Municipality of Dürrwangen in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 17, 2019.
  4. ↑ W.-A. v. Reitzenstein, p. 58.
  5. ↑ According to the Vetterische description of the Oberamt Feuchtwangen from 1732 ( see also Dürrwangen ( manorial rule) on the website geschichte-feuchtwangen.de).
  6. ^ Johann Bernhard Fischer : Dürrwang . In: Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Ansbach 1790, p. 185 ( digitized version ). (= JK Bundschuh, Vol. 1, Sp. 656.)
  7. ^ T. Neumeyer, p. 410.
  8. ↑ a b T. Neumeyer, p. 556f.
  9. ^ T. Neumeyer, p. 532.
  10. ↑ T. Neumeyer, pp. 537f .; Address and statistical handbook for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 29 ( digitized version ).
  11. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 761 ( digitized version ).
  12. ^ A b c Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, municipalities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 448 .
  13. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 707 .
  14. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 2015 as residential buildings.
  15. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 20 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Dürrwangen plus the residents and buildings of Hirschbach (p. 41), Hopfengarten (p. 43), Labertswend (p. 51), Obermühle (p. 67), Rappenhof (p. 73), Trendelmühle (p. 19 ) and Wiesenhof (p. 103).
  16. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 72 ( digitized version ). Dürrwangen is incorrectly given as 247 inhabitants. The correct number of inhabitants of 846 is obtained from the population of the municipality, as stated in the historical municipality register , minus the other districts.
  17. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 167 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1000 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized ).
  19. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1165 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1097 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1161-1162 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1199-1200 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1035 ( digitized version ).
  24. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 168 ( digitized version ).
  25. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 326 ( digitized version ).
  26. ↑ a b Dürrwangen: Official statistics of the LfStat
  27. ↑ Mangel, Otto: 725 years market Dürrwangen , p. 229.
  28. ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Dürrwangen  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  29. ↑ Dürrwangen. In: Kommunalflaggen.eu. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  30. ↑ Figures presented at the town hall's assembly on February 28, 2016
  31. ^ Fränkische Landeszeitung from June 19, 2013: Obituary
  32. ↑ http://bmlo.de/b2182
  33. ↑ Otto Mangel: Ortschronik Dürrwangen Halsbach, pp. 116–121
  34. ^ "The Kliegl Brothers: Anton Tiberius & Johann Hugo Kliegl". Website of the city of Bad Kissingen. Archived from the original on October 8, 2013. Retrieved October 7, 2013.
  35. ^ "Obituary of Herbert Kliegl". The New York Times. New York City, New York. October 9, 1968
  36. ^ The carbon arc lamps which have been used in the lighting of U. Retrieved April 18, 2020 .
  37. ↑ http://karlschineis.de/werdegang.htm