Ohrbach

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under earsbach (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 28 '  N , 10 ° 13'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Middle Franconia
County :	Ansbach
Management Community :	Rothenburg ob der Tauber
Height :	409 m above sea level NHN
Area :	22.73 km 2
Residents:	625 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	27 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	91620
Area code :	09865
License plate :	AN , DKB, FEU, ROT
Community key :	09 5 71 188
Community structure:	7 parts of the community
Address of the municipal administration:	Earsbach 14 91620 earsbach
Website :	www.ohrenbach.de
Mayor :	Johannes Hellenschmidt ( CSU )
Location of the community of earsbach in the district of Ansbach

Ohrbach is the smallest municipality in the Ansbach district in Middle Franconia . It is a member of the Rothenburg ob der Tauber administrative community .

geography

Geographical location

Ohrbach is located about ten kilometers north of Rothenburg ob der Tauber , about eight kilometers west of Burgbernheim , about nine kilometers south of Uffenheim and about 13 km east of Creglingen on a slightly undulating plateau of the Lower Keuper (Lettenkohlenkeuper) on a limestone subsoil. The hard shell limestone is mined in a gravel plant south of Habelsee. The 410 m high area drains to the east via the Seebach to the Regnitz tributary Aisch , to the south via the Steinbach and to the south-west the Gickelhäuser Bach to the Tauber and to the west via the Harbach and to the north via its upper reaches Gailshofenerbach and Grimmelbach to the Tauber- Steinach tributary .

The municipal area consists largely of arable land, in which some small forest islands are interspersed. The eponymous capital is located on the upper reaches of the Bodenwiesgraben of the northward Gailshofenerbach.

Community structure

The municipality has seven officially named municipality parts (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):

Gailshofen ( village ) Gumpelshofen (village) Habelsee ( Kirchdorf ) Oberscheckenbach (Kirchdorf)

Ohrbach ( parish village ) with Landthurm Reichardsroth (Kirchdorf) Seemühle ( wasteland )

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (clockwise from the north): Uffenheim , Gallmersgarten , Burgbernheim , Steinsfeld , Adelshofen

climate

• 

  Diagram of precipitation mean values ​​in earsbach for the period 1961–1990

• 

  Precipitation diagram for Ohrbach (blue curve) in front of the mean values ( quantiles ) for Germany (gray)

The average annual rainfall in earsbach is 675 mm.

history

The place is first mentioned in 1290 as "Orenbach". The place name is derived from a water body of the same name (now called Bodenwiesgraben), the defining word of which is "Ohorn" (Franconian for maple ). It was called a brook lined with maple trees.

The St. Michaelskirche was originally a branch of the St. Peter and Paul Church in Langensteinach. From 1307 the Heilsbronn monastery exercised the patronage . In 1449, Ohrbach was raised to a parish by the abbot Kötzler at the time.

In the Peasants' War of 1525 , along with Brettheim, Ohrbach was one of the first villages in the Rothenburg Landwehr to rise up against the authorities. A peasant camp was formed here in March (a gathering point for the rebels), from which the peasants first moved to Rothenburg and then on to the war. After the suppression of the freedom movement, the place was plundered by the victorious mercenary troops of the princes and probably partly destroyed, later forced to pay a considerable penalty (arson). Since around 1400, Ohrbach belonged to the Fraisch district of the imperial city of Rothenburg , the so-called Landwehr, which was surrounded in the north, west and south-west by the Landheg, a lightly fortified border with ditches, earth walls and hedges as well as a series of towers. Approx. The Pfeinacher Landturm was located 1.5 km north-east of Ohrbach. Its impressive baroque coat of arms is now walled in in the Landturm single courtyard between Ohrbach and Hinterpfeinach.

With the community edict (early 19th century), the tax district and the rural community Ohrbach were formed, to which the places Gailshofen , Gumpelshofen , Oberscheckenbach and Reichardsroth belonged. It was subordinate to the regional court of Rothenburg in administration and jurisdiction . Gumpelshofen was changed to Oberscheckenbach by 1840 at the latest. In 1961, the municipality of earsbach had an area of ​​11.449 km².

Incorporations

On January 1, 1972, the previously independent community of Oberscheckenbach was incorporated. Habelsee was added on May 1, 1978.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population decreased from 716 to 614 by 102 inhabitants or 14.3%.

Ohrbach municipality

year	1818	1840	1852	1861	1867	1871	1875	1880	1885	1890	1895	1900	1905	1910	1919	1925	1933	1939	1946	1950	1961	1970	1987	1995	2005	2015
Residents	470	511	493	523	505	498	517	556	555	522	491	471	478	471	446	437	459	433	716	649	427	428	728	685	649	630
Houses	85	87				89			91			91				93				96	99		185			196
source

District of Ohrbach

year	001818	001840	001861	001871	001885	001900	001925	001950	001961	001970	001987
Residents	269	334	342	310	343	300 *	279 *	417 *	251 *	256 *	230 *
Houses	50	57			61	61 *	62 *	63 *	62 *		61 *
source

^*including Landthurm

politics

Municipal council

After the local elections on March 2, 2008 , the local council had eight members, all of whom belonged to the Free Voters faction . The turnout was 77.8%. Another member and chairman of the municipal council is the mayor.

mayor

Johannes Hellenschmidt (Free Voting Association Ohrbach) was elected mayor on March 16, 2014 with 59.04% of the vote. The predecessor was Robert Karr.

badges and flags

The municipality of earsbach has had its own coat of arms since 1985.

Blazon : "In blue a golden gate system with a Romanesque archway, in it in red a growing silver bishop's staff , at the top right on a golden pole a silver flag with a black collar , at the top left a gold-armored, silver heron head turned to the left." White-blue-white municipal flag

Foundation of the coat of arms: Since 1978, the municipality of earsbach has consisted of the formerly independent municipalities of Ohrbach, Habelsee and Oberscheckenbach. The gate system represents the former Johanniterspital in Reichardsroth. The bishop's staff in the archway indicates Kilian, the first bishop of Würzburg, to whom the church in Oberscheckenbach is consecrated. The colors silver and red are reminiscent of the former rule of the imperial city of Rothenburg in the municipal area. The Bundschuh flag refers to the peasant uprising of 1525, which was primarily directed against Rothenburg. The heron head comes from the coat of arms of the Hübschmann family and is representative of the many noble and patrician families that can be identified at Habelsee Castle.

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Ohrbach

• Habelsee Castle
• Former Johanniterkommende in Reichardsroth

Economy and Infrastructure

Ohrbach is a member of the Romantic Franconia Tourist Association

traffic

The district road AN 32 leads to Habelsee or Oberscheckenbach to state road 2419 . Communal roads lead to Gailshofen and Hinterpfeinach . An agricultural traffic route leads to Endsee on state road 2416 .

The two motorway service stations earsbach-east and earsbach-west of federal motorway 7 are located in the municipality .

literature

• Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Ears Bach . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 4 : Ni-R . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1801, DNB  790364301 , OCLC 833753101 , Sp. 262-263 ( digitized version ).
• Georg Muck: History of Heilsbronn Monastery from prehistoric times to modern times . tape 2 . For Kunstreprod. Schmidt, Neustadt an der Aisch 1993, ISBN 3-923006-90-X , p. 401–402 (first edition: Beck, Nördlingen 1879).
• Hans Karlmann Ramisch: District of Rothenburg ob der Tauber (=  Bavarian art monuments . Volume 25 ). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1967, DNB  457879254 , p. 81-82 .
• Wolf-Armin von Reitzenstein : Lexicon of Franconian place names. Origin and meaning . Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia, Lower Franconia. CH Beck, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-406-59131-0 , p. 173 .

Web links

Commons : Ohrbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Ohrbach , in: Georg Muck: History of Heilsbronn Monastery , Volume 2  - Sources and full texts

• Map of the municipality of earsbach on the BayernAtlas
• Ohrbach in the Topographia Franconiae of the University of Würzburg , accessed on September 19, 2019.
• Ohrbach: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Municipality of Ohrbach in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 19, 2019.
3. ↑ W.-A. v. Reitzenstein, p. 173.
4. ↑ G. Muck, Vol. 2, p. 401.
5. ↑ Florian Huggenberger: Reformation, Thirty Years War, Enlightenment , in: Horst F. Rupp and nKarl Borchardt :: Rothenburg ob der Tauber, History of the City and its Surrounding Area, Darmstadt 2016, pp. 156–202
6. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 66 ( digitized version ).
7. ↑ ^{a b c} Eduard Vetter (Hrsg.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 226 ( digitized version ). According to the historical municipality register , the municipality had 510 inhabitants.
8. ↑ ^{a b c} Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 816 ( digitized version ).
9. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 562 .
10. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 706, 725 .
11. ↑ ^{a b} Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 2015 as residential buildings.
12. ↑ ^{a b} Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 70 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of earsbach plus the residents and buildings of Gailshofen (p. 28), Gumpelshofen (p. 33) and Reichardsroth (p. 74).
13. ^ ^{A b c d e f g h i} Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 182 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
14. ↑ ^{a b} Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1073 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
15. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 171 ( digitized version ).
16. ↑ ^{a b} Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1239–1240 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digital copy ).
17. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 68 ( digitized version ).
18. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 195 ( digitized version ).
19. ↑ ^{a b} K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1175 ( digitized version ).
20. ↑ ^{a b} K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1246 ( digitized version ).
21. ↑ ^{a b} Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1286 ( digitized version ).
22. ↑ ^{a b} Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1113 ( digitized version ).
23. ↑ ^{a b} Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 171 ( digitized version ).
24. ↑ ^{a b} Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 330 ( digitized version ).
25. ^ Ohrbach: Official statistics of the LfStat
26. ↑ https://www.wahlen.bayern.de/kommunalwahlen/
27. ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Ohrbach  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
28. ^ Earsbach. In: Kommunalflaggen.eu. Retrieved March 1, 2020 .