Koenigsbronn
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 48 ° 45 ' N , 10 ° 7' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Stuttgart | |
| County : | Heidenheim | |
| Height : | 498 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 45.46 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 7134 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 157 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 89551 | |
| Area code : | 07328 | |
| License plate : | HDH | |
| Community key : | 08 1 35 025 | |
| LOCODE : | DE KSB | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Herwartstraße 2 89551 Königsbronn |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Michael Stütz ( independent ) | |
| Location of the municipality of Königsbronn in the Heidenheim district | ||
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Königsbronn is a municipality in the district of Heidenheim in Baden-Württemberg .
geography
Geographical location
Königsbronn is located at the eastern end of the Swabian Alb , the so-called Ostalb. The main town is like the suburb Itzelberg in the Brenztal, while the higher suburb of Zang on the Albuch west of the valley and Ochsenberg on the Härtsfeld are east of the valley. The Brenz rises in Königsbronn and flows into the Danube at Lauingen . The European watershed , which separates the drainage areas towards the Rhine and North Sea from the drainage area towards the Danube and Black Sea, runs north of the municipality on the border with the neighboring town of Oberkochen . Geologically, Königsbronn is shaped by the karst landscape of the Swabian Alb, for which limestone cliffs as well as caves and springs in the porous limestone (Jura) are characteristic.
Community structure
The municipality of Königsbronn with the formerly independent municipalities of Itzelberg , Ochsenberg and Zang includes eleven villages, hamlets, farms and houses. The municipality of Königsbronn in the territorial status of December 31, 1970 included the courtyards Brenzelhof, Seegartenhof, Stürzelhof, Zahnberg, Ziegelhütte and Haus Birkach, as well as the lost villages of Baumgarten, Spichtsol, Springen, Steinhürn, Utzemannsweiler, Wichartsberge and Herwartstein. At that time, only the village that gave it its name belonged to Ochsenberg, and to Zang also the lost villages of Kerbenhof, Hermannsweiler and Strut.
Division of space
According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.
history
Antiquity and the Middle Ages
The first evidence of settlement in the municipality comes from the Riss and Würm Glaciers . Numerous burial mounds indicate settlement in the Hallstatt period (800–480 BC). Row graves were found from the time of the Alemanni (260 AD). On the Herwartstein , a rock pinnacle on the western edge of the valley above Königsbronn, evidence of an Alemannic refugee castle was found.
The history of the place's origins is largely unknown. The founding of the first settlement is assumed as early as around the year 500, however, which developed in the Brenz Valley on an old trade route from the Nördlinger Ries via the Härtsfeld and the Albuch to the old Danube crossing at the mouth of the Iller . On the steep ascent to the Albuch between the Brenzquelle and the Herwartstein, loaded carts had to be supported by the harnessing of oxen. It is assumed that this pre-tensioning station was the nucleus of the first settlement.
Ceramic finds on the Herwartstein prove that there was a castle here as early as 750. A possible reference to one of their owners can be found in the deed of foundation of the nearby Wiesensteig Monastery of December 6, 861, which a certain Herienwart also signed. The castle was expanded around the year 1000.
In the 12th century the castle and town were owned by the Counts of Dillingen . Under their last representative Hartmann IV. Both fell to the Counts of Helfenstein in the 13th century . In 1287, King Rudolf von Habsburg besieged the Herwartstein, which was handed over by Count Ulrich von Helfenstein after two weeks of bombardment with 6 slingshots. The legend tells that Count Ulrich hid a silver treasure in the walls of the castle before it was handed over. In fact, excavations in 1953 found 69 silver coins ( bracteates ) from around 1240 minted in the rubble in southern Germany .
The "Jump" settlement below the castle was first in 1302 as "market with church set" in a document on the sale of the ruins of the Herwartstein by Count Ulrich of King Albert I mentioned. This name may have related to the nearby karst spring of the Brenz. In 1303, King Albrecht founded the Cistercian monastery in Königsbronn near the Brenzquelle , the name of which was subsequently transferred to the town, officially only in 1806 (according to other sources, 1818). Today the district below the Herwartstein, where the original settlement was located, is called "Weiler".
The Helfensteiner received the area again in 1365 as a fiefdom from Emperor Charles IV. After the Emperor's death in 1378, ownership changed. Württemberg , which Heidenheim had acquired from the Helfensteiners, raised claims to the area, while the abbot considered the monastery to be imperial .
Modern times
In the aftermath of the Narrow Kaldic War , Königsbronn was completely destroyed in the Second Margrave War by the troops of the Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, Albrecht Alcibiades , in 1552. The monastery became Protestant in 1553 and was abandoned by the Catholic monks. In 1556, Duke Christoph von Württemberg established a Protestant monastery school in the monastery, as in the 12 other large male monasteries in Württemberg. Famous students were e.g. B. Nicodemus Frischlin and the academic teacher Johannes Kepler's Michael Mästlin . The Edict of Restitution of 1629 meant that Königsbronn should become Catholic again, but this met with resistance from the population. After the Thirty Years War in 1648, Königsbronn finally became part of Württemberg and Protestant.
The smelting of the floor ore mined in the surrounding area began again and in 1651 the first blast furnace was blown. For a long time iron smelting was the state monopoly of Württemberg, under Johann Georg Blezinger iron goods from Königsbronn became known nationwide.
After the establishment of the Kingdom of Württemberg , the monastery office in Königsbronn was subordinated to the Upper Office of Heidenheim . In 1864 Königsbronn was connected to the Württemberg railway network by the Brenzbahn , which supported economic development. At the beginning of the 20th century, however, iron smelting was no longer profitable. It was discontinued in 1908. At the end of the First World War, the municipality of Königsbronn had 79 dead and 20 missing. During the administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg , Königsbronn came to the Heidenheim district in 1938 . In the Second World War, 152 people from Königsbronn fell and 69 went missing. In 1945 the place became part of the American zone of occupation and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden , which was incorporated into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.
Incorporations
- January 1, 1971: Itzelberg
- September 1, 1971: Zang
- February 1, 1972: Ochsenberg
Itzelberg
Pliers
Ochsenberg
Religions
As a place in Württemberg, Königsbronn has been mainly evangelical since the Reformation. The Protestant parishes of Königsbronn and Zang belong to the Heidenheim deanery of the Evangelical Church . The Catholic parish that was established after the Second World War with the Church of the Assumption of Mary from 1952 has had its own parish since 1961. She is part of a pastoral care unit of the Catholic Dean's Office in Heidenheim of the Rottenburg-Stuttgart diocese .
Population development
The population figures according to the respective territorial status are estimates, census results (¹) or official updates from the State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg ( main residences only ).
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politics
Municipal council
In Königsbronn, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection of a part of town. The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The local council in Königsbronn has 21 members after the last election (unchanged). The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
| Parties and constituencies |
% 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
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| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 33.0 | 7th | 39.5 | 8th | |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 22.8 | 5 | 24.7 | 5 | |
| UWB | Independent electoral bloc | 27.7 | 6th | 23.7 | 5 | |
| GREEN | Independent and Greens | 16.5 | 3 | 12.0 | 3 | |
| total | 100.0 | 21st | 100.0 | 21st | ||
| voter turnout | 48.2% | 48.2% | ||||
coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms reads: "In black a golden (yellow) bowl fountain, from whose central column, which ends in a golden (yellow) trefoil crown, a golden (yellow) tube with a silver (white) water jet emerges on both sides."
Originally the seal of the mayor's office contained the “talking” seal image of the former Königsbronn monastery, namely a two-tube fountain on whose column the statue of the monastery founder, King Albrecht, can be seen. The heraldically better shape of the crowned fountain column, which also goes back to a version of the monastery coat of arms, was proposed to the community including the coat of arms colors in 1926 by the Stuttgart archives. The Ministry of the Interior awarded the municipality the flag derived from the coat of arms on August 17, 1957.
Referendums
The referendum against the closure of the branch offices of the Georg Elser Primary School Eichhalde and Zang, planned by the municipal council resolution of July 4, 2017, took place on January 28, 2018. A citizens' initiative was able to collect a sufficient number of signatures beforehand (Zang citizens' initiative: 650 valid signatures, Eichhalde citizens' initiative: 924 valid signatures). With a turnout of approx. 45%, the citizens decide with approx. 60% in favor of maintaining the schools.
Community partnerships
A partnership with Reißeck in Austria has existed since 1978 .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Königsbronn is connected to the national rail network by the Aalen - Ulm Brenzbahn . The regional express ( Crailsheim -) Ellwangen –Aalen – Ulm runs every hour; In addition, several regional trains and a single Interregio-Express run daily . Some of the trains also stop at Itzelberg stop .
Educational institutions
The Georg Elser School is a primary , secondary and secondary school with “primary school branches” in Itzelberg and Zang and the Eichhald primary school. In addition, the "Königsbronn Forest Education Center" is located in Königsbronn.
Leisure and sports facilities
The largest sports club in Königsbronn is the SVH (Herwartstein Sports Club) 05 Königsbronn. Approx. 1000 members practice sports in nine departments. Since 2005, the SVH football department has had an artificial turf pitch in addition to a grass pitch.
The Königsbronn tennis club is located in the Waldsiedlung district and operates eight clay courts and a hosted clubhouse in the summer season. Two indoor courts are available in winter.
When the snow conditions are favorable, the district of Zang with its Zanger trail is ideal for cross-country skiing. The Skiclub (SCK) also operates the Weikersberg ski lift, including a ski school. A floodlit cross-country ski run also begins there. The club also has a plastic covered jumping hill above the town hall.
Culture and sights
Concerts
Every year on the day of national mourning, the upper stage band of the Königsbronn Music Association gives its annual concert. The concert takes place alternately in the monastery church, the Marienkirche and the hammer mill. In addition, the Sinfonietta Oberkochen-Königsbronn chamber orchestra plays an annual summer serenade in the cloister courtyard or in the hammer mill.
theatre
Every summer the association Theaterspielgruppe Königsbronn eV plays on the open-air stage at the Brenzursprung on the town hall forecourt.
Museums
- Archway Museum
- Georg Elser Memorial Königsbronn
Buildings
- The town hall was built in 1765 in rococo style.
- An interesting industrial monument is the former, by Johann Georg Blezinger constructed forge on Brenz origin (now a small hydroelectric power plant ).
- A memorial commemorates Georg Elser from Königsbronn and his failed assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler on November 8, 1939. In 2010 a Georg Elser statue created by Friedrich Frankowitsch was unveiled at the train station .
- Königsbronn Monastery : Some buildings of the former Cistercian monastery, which was dissolved in 1553, are still preserved, including the monastery church, which, however, instead of the destroyed original monastery church, dates from 1565 and is now the Protestant parish church, and the arched museum building.
- The foundations of the medieval Herwartstein Castle can be seen on the Herwartstein rock .
Natural monuments
→ List of natural monuments in Königsbronn
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Johann Georg Blezinger (1717–1795), innkeeper and entrepreneur
- Gottlieb Benjamin von Wolf (1780 – unknown), Württemberg chief bailiff
- Karl von Cleß (1794–1874), Protestant theologian, classical philologist
- Paul Reusch (1868–1956), industrialist
- Hermann Krauß (1904–2003), educator, local researcher and author born in the district of Itzelberg
- Ronald Hitzler (* 1950), sociologist
- Martin Staab (* 1964), local politician, Lord Mayor of Radolfzell since 2013
Other personalities
- Georg Elser (1903–1945), resistance fighter / Hitler assassin, attended school here and worked here as a carpenter.
- Matthaeus Hiller (1646–1725), theologian, clergyman and abbot of Königsbronn.
- Daniel Maichel (1693–1752), abbot of Königsbronn.
- Otto Neubrand (* 1911 in Herbrechtingen , † 1975 in Königsbronn), painter, lived and worked in Königsbronn.
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: Stuttgart district, Franconian and East Württemberg regional associations. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 . Pp. 617-621
- ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Königsbronn.
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 449 .
- ↑ a b Königsbronn on leo-bw.de. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
- ^ Result Eichhalde (as of January 30, 2018)
- ↑ Zang result (as of January 30, 2018)
- ^ Website of the Königsbronn Forest Education Center .
- ↑ http://mv-koenigsbronn.de/termine
- ↑ http://www.theater-koenigsbronn.de
- ↑ Georg Elser Memorial
- ^ Georg Elser Memorial
