Great Brombachsee

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Great Brombachsee
Großer Brombachsee, view over Ramsberg to the east towards the dam
Großer Brombachsee, view over Ramsberg to the east towards the dam
Location: Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen district
Tributaries: Kleiner Brombachsee / Igelsbachsee
Drain: Brombach → Swabian Rezat
Larger places on the shore: Ramsberg
Larger places nearby: Gunzenhausen , Absberg , Pleinfeld
Great Brombachsee (Bavaria)
Great Brombachsee
Coordinates 49 ° 7 '51 "  N , 10 ° 56' 7"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 7 '51 "  N , 10 ° 56' 7"  E
Data on the structure
Construction time: 1983-1999
Height above valley floor: 36 m
Height above foundation level : 37.3 m
Height of the structure crown: 414  m above sea level NN
Building volume: 3,500,000 m³
Crown length: 1.7 km
Crown width: 13 m
Slope slope on the air side : 1: 2.00 / 1: 2.50
Slope slope on the water side : 1: 1: 2.00 / 1: 2.25 / 1: 2.50
Power plant output: 630 kW
Data on the reservoir
Altitude (at congestion destination ) 410.50 m
Water surface 8.71 km² (permanent traffic jam target)

9.1 km² (max)dep1

Reservoir length 5.1 kmdep1
Reservoir width 2 kmdep1
Maximum depth 32.5 m
Storage space 56.4 million m³
Total storage space : 144.4 million m³
Catchment area 57.9 km² (without additional line)

627.9 km² (with supplement)

Design flood : 10 m³ / s

The Große Brombachsee is a reservoir in the south of Central Franconia and, together with its two pre-dams, the Kleiner Brombachsee and Igelsbachsee, forms the Brombachsee . Inaugurated in 2000, it is the largest reservoir in the Franconian Lake District and the largest still water in Franconia . The lake is one of the largest reservoirs in Germany , both in terms of area and storage volume . In addition to flood protection in the Altmühltal , it primarily serves to regulate water for the rain-poor northern Bavaria . For this purpose, the lake can be filled across the continental watershed from the Altmühl via the Altmühlsee to the storage destination of 410.5 m. Via smaller tributaries, water can be released into the Regnitz, which flows into the Main , up to the lowering limit of 403.5 m. In addition to water management purposes, the lake is also used for leisure and recreation.

geography

The Große Brombachsee is located around 37 kilometers as the crow flies south of Nuremberg and 13 kilometers east of Gunzenhausen . Most of the lake belongs to the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district , while a small part of the northern shore is in the Roth district . It lies in a valley opening to the east and is surrounded by forests. Its maximum water depth is 32.5 meters, the shore length 17.5 kilometers.

The reservoir is located in the rain-poor Middle Franconia and, together with other lakes, is part of the Franconian Lake District. In the west it borders directly on the higher lying Kleiner Brombachsee (Brombachvorsperre) and in the northwest on the also higher lying Igelsbachsee (Igelsbachvorperre). Two long dams separate the two barrages from the Großer Brombachsee.

The lake is filled from these pre-dams, especially from the Kleiner Brombachsee, which in turn draws its water from the Altmühlüberleiter . The outflow of the lake is the Brombach in the east, which leaves the lake at the foot of its dam and flows into the Swabian Rezat a few kilometers further east at Pleinfeld .

dam

The Great Brombachsee is a dam , as the shut-off building an earth dam of 1.7 kilometers in length is used with a core inner seal. The multi-level dam structure consists of a support body , dam core, sealing wall, filter layers, hearth wall with inspection passage , surface filter and underground diaphragm wall. On the air side of the dam at the service outlet is the Brombachsee powerhouse, which can generate electricity from the water released into the lower reaches of the Brombach with two through-flow turbines with a rated output of 315 kilowatts each  and a useful gradient of 32 meters. The expansion flow rate of each of the two turbines is 1.2 m³ / s, the average annual electricity generation is 1.6 million  kWh .

Leisure activities

The lake together with the entire Franconian lake landscape is an important local recreation area for the Nuremberg metropolitan area. Leisure activities include water sports including swimming, sailing , windsurfing , kite surfing and tours with the trimaran MS Brombachsee .

The water sports center of the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , which went into operation in July 2003, is located at the southern end of the dam on the Großer Brombachsee and offers university members sailing courses with dinghies or catamarans , kayaking and triathlons .

Since 2013 in addition to providing DLRG and water rescue of the Red Cross and the Volunteers distress service (FSD) for safety on the water.

The water quality is often affected by algae in summer . This problem often occurs at the Altmühlsee, the small Brombachsee and the Igelsbachsee. The large Brombachsee is mostly spared from the algae phenomenon due to its great water depth. However, when the algae problem occurs in the inlet lakes, no new water is fed into the lake, which means that the water level drops significantly in summer.

After the sport of sailing has declined and more and more of the existing berths, which were never fully rented, remain vacant, the “Floating Village Brombachsee” project in the port of Ramsberg was launched. By 2018, 15 floating holiday homes were built on the free berths, to which four more and a floating restaurant are to be added in 2019. The houses are sold, the owners can use them for seven weeks a year, but have to make them available for rent for the rest of the year.

Groundwater level

Due to the lake, the groundwater level in the area rose, which is why water ingress has now occurred in many houses in the neighboring villages. The water management office took measures and installed drainage and deep wells. In some cases, damage caused by construction defects in previous years was reported to be regulated. Troubleshooting is still ongoing.

photos

  • Sandy beach and marina near Absberg

  • Trimaran MS Brombachsee

  • Panoramic view from the Igelsbachsperre towards the southeast

  • Art on the lake

  • Sunset at the Großer Brombachsee

See also

literature

  • Peter Franke, Wolfgang Frey: Dams in the Federal Republic of Germany . DNK - DVWK 1987, ISBN 3-926520-00-0
  • Robert Karl, Thomas Liepold, Gregor Overhoff: Water for Franconia . The transition. Ed .: Bavarian State Ministry for State Development and Environmental Issues (=  Water Management in Bavaria . No. 34 ). 2000, ISBN 3-910088-60-0 .
  • Wasserwirtschaftsamt Ansbach (Ed.): Transition Danube-Main . Leaflet. June 2014 ( online [PDF]).
  • Theodor Strobl, Franz Zunic: Hydraulic engineering: Current principles - New developments . Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 3-540-22300-2 , pp. 223–227 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Water Management Office ( Memento from September 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ^ A b Theodor Strobl, Franz Zunic: Hydraulic engineering: Current bases - New developments . Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 3-540-22300-2 , pp. 225 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  3. ↑ Description of the Brombachsee power plant on the website of Landeskraftwerke Bayern GmbH , accessed on June 1, 2013
  4. ↑ FAU press release: New sports facility is officially inaugurated
  5. ↑ Article, Altmühl- und Brombachsee: Kampfansage an Algae (accessed 3-12-2012)
  6. ↑ Werner Falk: Floating Hotel on Brombachsee. A holiday resort on the water is unique in Bavaria. In: falk-report.de. Werner Falk, November 19, 2018, accessed December 3, 2018 .

Web links

Commons : Großer Brombachsee  - Collection of images, videos and audio files