Wilhelm Kohl (Limes researcher)

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Wilhelm Kohl

Wilhelm Kohl (born January 22, 1848 in Schwabach , † May 10, 1898 in Weißenburg in Bavaria ) was a pharmacist and Limes researcher.

Life

Kohl was the son of a pastor and spent his youth in Dambach , a former Roman town near the Hesselberg, and attended the Latin school in Nuremberg , which he graduated in 1865.

He learned the profession of pharmacist in the A. Ricker pharmacy in Kaiserslautern from 1865 to March 1869, after which he worked for his brother in the Greifen pharmacy in Weißenburg from April 1 to September 30, 1869 and in the Adolf Roth pharmacy in Kaufbeuren from October 1, 1869 to August 3, 1870.

Wilhelm Kohl did his military service by participating in the campaign against France in the 6th Jäger Battalion in 1870/1871, where he was involved in the siege of Paris from September 22, 1870 to January 28, 1871.

From July 1871 Wilhelm Kohl studied pharmacy at the LMU Munich .

Kohl returned to Weißenburg in 1879. He bought the "Einhorn-Apotheke" property there on July 20, 1879 from pharmacist Adolf Wilke and was granted citizenship of the city of Weißenburg on January 20, 1880. The pharmacy operated by Kohl still exists today; their cellar vaults house the Weißenburg Pharmacy Museum .

Services around the Limes

Excavations at the Limes palisade near Mönchsroth in March 1894.

In 1889 Kohl discovered the early medieval Alamannic row grave field of Dettenheim , which was the reason for the founding of the antiquity association in Weißenburg together with Heinrich Schiller (1856-1924) on September 13, 1889.

Kohl then built up his own display collection in the old meat store , which he moved to the Progymnasium in 1896 because of the increase .

Karl Schiller made the first discoveries and excavations in the Biriciana fort in 1884. Wilhelm Kohl continued these excavations. In the Reichstag in Berlin on January 16, 1892, a debate on exploring the Limes was held, which ended with a memorandum. As a result, the exploration of the Limes became a national task, which only became possible through the political unification of Germany. For the following five years a permit of 40,000 RM was given to explore the Limes. In the summer of 1892 Wilhelm Kohl was appointed honorary excavation manager and "route commissioner" for the Limes section for the 34-kilometer route from Mönchsroth to Lellenfeld and the 18-kilometer route between Ellingen and Raitenbuch .

Wilhelm Kohl was able to locate the no longer visible Roman border between Wörnitz and Sulzach through bullet-point excavations on behalf of the Imperial Limes Commission from 1892. Kohl showed some of the presumed seven tower sites there.

His greatest success was the discovery and excavation of the Limes piles in the Wörnitzwiesen. But since he had previously repeatedly claimed to have discovered the forts in Ellingen and Ruffenhofen (he had to publicly revoke these claims), his discoveries were no longer taken seriously. It was not until a year after his death that he was recognized as the discoverer of the palisade steps .

Fonts

posthumously

  • The Dambach Castle. Edited by Karl von Popp. In the series The Upper German-Raetian Limes of the Roemerreich. Eds. Ernst Fabricius, F. Hettner, O. von Sarwey. Department B, Volume 6, Fort No. 69. Petters, Heidelberg, Berlin and Leipzig 1901.
  • Weissenburg Castle. With the participation of Julius Troeltsch, edited by Ernst Fabricius. In the series The Upper German-Raetian Limes of the Roemerreich. Eds. Ernst Fabricius, F. Hettner, O. von Sarwey. Department B, Volume 7, Fort No. 72. Petters, Heidelberg, Berlin and Leipzig 1906.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Kohl, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Pharmacist and Limes researcher
DATE OF BIRTH January 22, 1848
PLACE OF BIRTH Schwabach
DATE OF DEATH May 10, 1898
Place of death Weißenburg in Bavaria