Ellingen
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Coordinates: 49 ° 4 ' N , 10 ° 58' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Bavaria | |
| Administrative region : | Middle Franconia | |
| County : | Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen | |
| Management Community : | Ellingen | |
| Height : | 395 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 31.25 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 3851 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 123 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 91792 | |
| Area code : | 09141 | |
| License plate : | WUG, GUN | |
| Community key : | 09 5 77 125 | |
| City structure: | 11 parts of the community | |
City administration address : |
Weißenburger Strasse 1 91792 Ellingen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Matthias Obernöder ( CSU ) | |
| Location of the city of Ellingen in the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district | ||
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Ellingen is a town in the central Franconian district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen and the seat of the administrative community Ellingen .
geography
Geographical location
The city is located in western central Franconia north of Weißenburg in the center of the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district on the edge of the Weißenburger Alb , a range of hills in the Franconian Alb . The Swabian Rezat flows through the village and is fed by the Felchbach , the Himmelreichgraben , the Mittelbühlgraben , the Riedgraben , the Hörleinsgraben , the Walkershöfer Weihergraben , the Vorderen Troppelgraben and the Ottmarsfelder Grabe . Another river is the Störzelbach , a tributary of the Altmühl . The European main watershed , which separates the catchment areas of the Rhine and Danube , runs through the urban area . The Ellingen Forest is located southwest of the city center . Apart from this forest and some forest stands in the north, the area of the town of Ellingen lies in a woodless open landscape and is characterized by meadows, fields and hills. Larger cities in the area are Ingolstadt (58 km) and Nuremberg (50 km), neighboring cities are Weißenburg in Bavaria (3 km), Treuchtlingen (15 km) and Gunzenhausen (approx. 22 km).
The neighboring communities are:
| Pleinfeld | ||
| Theilenhofen |
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Höttingen |
| Alesheim | Weißenburg in Bavaria |
Community structure
There are 11 officially named municipal parts (the type of place is given in brackets ):
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geology
Millions of years ago Ellingen was on the edge of the former Jurassic Sea , to which the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district owes its important Solnhofen and Jurassic marble industry . One of the most famous and most common dinosaur species in Central Europe occurred in the Middle Keuper : Plateosaurus engelhardti , an early representative of the Sauropodomorpha , of which there is an important site in Ellingen.
history
The Ellingen area was already settled at the time of the Celts , as evidenced by finds of Celtic settlement remains, ramparts and barrows in the southeast of the city. The Rhaetian Limes ran about 2.5 kilometers north of the town in what is now the district of Ellingen in Roman times , from which the Ellingen fort (Sablonetum) is still preserved.
"Elling" was first mentioned in a document on May 1st, 899 AD. The history of the origins of Ellingen is closely linked to the hospital that Walter von Ellingen and his wife Kunigunde founded. The Teutonic Order received the hospital as a fief in 1216 , after which Ellingen became the seat of the Landkomtur of the Ballei Franken . On March 14, 1378, Charles IV granted the right of fortification, which he withdrew ten days later at the objection of Weißenburg. It was not until the 17th century that massive walls were built: the Weißenburg Gate was completed in 1609 and the Pleinfeld Gate in 1660 .
In 1368 the area around Ellingen and Gunzenhausen fell to the burgraviate of Nuremberg , from which the margraviate of Ansbach was later separated . Witch hunts were carried out in Ellingen from 1575 to 1629 : 62 women and one man were tried in witch trials , one woman died in custody, all the others were executed. Karl Heinrich von Hornstein , who was sworn into the Teutonic Order in Ellingen on May 15, 1689 , built essential parts of the Ellingen Residence , the parish church of St. George and other baroque buildings in the city at the end of the 17th century . In 1796 Prussia occupied the city, ending the rule of the Teutonic Order over Ellingen and the region. After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire by Napoleon in 1806, Ellingen, like other parts of Franconia, became part of the Kingdom of Bavaria . In the period from 1815 to 1840 the Ellingen court existed . In 1815, Ellingen Castle became the residence of Prince von Wrede , Carl Philipp von Wrede . Ellingen was first mentioned as a town in this fief deed. Inside the castle complex there is a castle brewery that was first mentioned in 1690 and is still active today .
On February 23, 1945, the center of Ellingen was attacked by two squadrons of the US Air Force . Bombs with a total weight of 70 tons were dropped. Some town houses, the rectory and parts of the palace gardens were completely destroyed, and the town hall, the Weißenburger Tor and the parish church of St. Georg were severely damaged. The castle itself and the castle church , however, remained undamaged. The actual target of the attackers - Bamberg - was covered by clouds that day, so that the pilots arbitrarily selected a supposed transport hub as the target for their bombs. They allegedly assumed that a motorway would run right through the town.
When the 3rd US Army came to the town in April 1945, soldiers discovered a large warehouse of fabrics and other everyday items in the castle church. There should also have been holdings of looted art .
On July 1, 1971, the previously independent municipality of Massenbach with its district of Hörlbach was incorporated into Bavaria as part of the municipal reform. On January 1, 1972, the district of Tiefenbach was added to the dissolved municipality of Dorsbrunn . Stopfenheim followed on July 1, 1972.
politics
City council
The table shows the distribution of seats in the city council after the last local elections.
| CSU | SPD | FW | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 7th | 5 | 4th |
| 2014 | 6th | 7th | 3 |
| 2008 | 6th | 6th | 4th |
Matthias Obernöder (CSU) was elected mayor in 2020 with 54.0% of the vote as the successor to Walter Hasl (SPD).
coat of arms
The description of the coat of arms reads: In blue a silver central shield, in it a floating blue St. Andrew's cross.
Town twinning
- Hohenberg-Krusemark in Saxony-Anhalt is a partner municipality of Ellingen, initiated in 1989 by the Groß Ellingen and Ellingen volunteer fire departments after the border was opened
- There is also a partnership initiated by TSG 1893 Ellingen with the community of Straßenhaus in Rhineland-Palatinate and its district of Ellingen .
Sponsorship
In 1973 a sponsorship was taken over for the expelled Sudeten Germans from the Tellnitz community in the former Aussig district .
Culture and sights
The cityscape is largely shaped by the work of the Teutonic Order and shows the stylistic unity of a small baroque residence . The accents are set by the castle, town hall and parish church. The baroque style finds its echo in the town houses especially in the Neue Gasse , which was laid out from 1749 under the direction of Matthias Binder .
In the Ellingen Baroque circular path , important buildings from the past are brought together, including the Ellingen Residence and the associated castle park , the town hall , the Pleinfelder Tor , the former Franciscan monastery , the Catholic parish church of St. George , the Maximilian Church , the orangeries in the Hofgarten, the Heiligenbrücke and the Johannes Bridge . The Roman Fort Ellingen , the Kolping Tower , the Evangelical Christ Church and the Hospital Church are also worth seeing . The state rooms in the residence, the East Prussia cultural center and the toy and farm furniture museum in Pleinfelder Tor can be visited.
Soil monuments
societies
There are numerous associations in the city and districts, such as the Teutonic Order Orchestra, the Ellingen-Hörlbach Trombone Choir, the Stopfenheim Singing Community, the Harmonie Choir, the Zollmühle Golf Club, the TSG 1893 Ellingen, the UFC Ellingen 1992, the soldiers, warriors and reservists comradeship Stopfenheim, the DJK Stopfenheim 1956 and the shooting society Eintracht Germania Ellingen.
Public facilities
The primary school in Ellingen and the St. Elisabeth home for the elderly are available in public facilities . The old people's home was first mentioned in a document dated December 11, 1212. In 1216 King Friedrich II donated the hospital to the Teutonic Order. Today's old building was erected around 1705 instead of a previous building and expanded in 1753; on November 18, 1818, the city of Ellingen took over the hospital foundation. From 1859 to 1996, the sisters of the poor Franciscan nuns from Mallersdorf Abbey were the pillars of the old people's home, who ran the “children's home” founded on October 20, 1882, today's kindergarten, until August 1996.
traffic
The Federal Highway 2 and the national highway 13 met earlier in the city center in front of the town hall. Since 1979 the B 2 has passed in the west of the city. It has three lanes between Ellingen-Mitte and Ellingen-Nord and four lanes between Weißenburg-Nord and Ellingen-Mitte. In Ellingen-Mitte, the B 13 branches off towards Gunzenhausen. The city has a stop on the Treuchtlingen – Nuremberg railway line . Local public transport is ensured by the Greater Nuremberg Transport Association.
The German Limes Cycle Route runs through the city . It follows the Upper German-Raetian Limes over 818 km from Bad Hönningen on the Rhine to Regensburg on the Danube .
The German Limes Road runs on the expressway past the town center.
The Limes hiking trail also leads through Ellingen.
Regular events
Every year on Shrove Tuesday a Carnival parade takes place in the afternoon, attracts several thousand spectators. Annual carnival balls are organized by the Carnival Society (KaGe) Ellingen.
Personalities
- Anton Peter von Rummel (1771–1863), Württemberg government president and member of the state parliament
- Jacob von Roeser (1799–1862), personal physician and traveler.
- Gottfried von Feder (1806–1892), district president and member of the Reichstag
- Eitel Klein (1906–1990), painter and graphic artist from Hörlbach
literature
- Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Ellingen . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 2 : El-H . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1800, DNB 790364298 , OCLC 833753081 , Sp. 4–5 ( digitized version ).
- Christoph Graf [von] Pfeil: Residenz Ellingen ; Official leader; (Bavarian Administration of State Palaces, Gardens and Lakes); 8. revised u. newly designed edition Munich 2005; ISBN 3-932982-59-2 .
- Arthur Schlegel: Baroque architecture in Ellingen (Middle Franconia) . In: Wasmuth's monthly magazine for architecture . Volume 8 (1924), issue 11/12, urn : nbn: de: kobv: 109-opus-9218 , pp. 346–349.
- Pleikard Joseph Stumpf : Ellingen . In: Bavaria: a geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the kingdom; for the Bavarian people . Second part. Munich 1853, p. 707-708 ( digitized version ).
- Wolfgang Wüst : Ellingen, the Ballei Franken and the Teutonic Order - cultural and political model of a lost world in the region? , in: Yearbook for Franconian State Research 69 (2010) pp. 155–172.
Web links
- City administration
- Baroque Association: Art and culture of the baroque in Ellingen
- Ellingen: Official statistics of the LfStat
- City map of Ellingen 1820
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ City Council. City administration Ellingen, accessed on June 15, 2020 .
- ^ Community Ellingen in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on December 25, 2019.
- ↑ Markus Moser: Plateosaurus engelhardti Meyer , 1837 (Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha) from the Feuerletten (Middle Keuper; Upper Triassic) of Bavaria . Zitteliana, Series B: Treatises of the Bavarian State Collection for Paleontology and Geology. Vol. 24, 2003, pp. 3–186, urn : nbn: de: bvb: 19-epub-12711-3
- ↑ Hermann Seis: Says the devil, Says, also your daughter. The persecution of witches in the Kommende Ellingen of the Teutonic Order from 1575 to 1630 , Ellingen 2004, pp. 70-138 and p. 244.
- ↑ Names of the victims of the witch trials / witch persecution in Ellingen (PDF; 100 kB), accessed on June 17, 2016.
- ↑ a b BBC Timewatch - Bombing Germany. Retrieved March 29, 2014 .
- ↑ a b Details about the bombing mission No 193 (engl.)
- ^ Cityscape of Germany
- ↑ National Archives of the USA , Dorothea Hülsmeier: Who Owns the Schwabing Art Treasure? and Ingeborg Ruthe: henchmen of the Nazis , both in the Frankfurter Rundschau on November 4, 2013
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 592 .
- ↑ Local elections 2020. In: Stadt Ellingen. March 16, 2020, accessed on June 16, 2020 (German).
- ^ Result of city council election 2014 in Ellingen. City of Ellingen, accessed on March 29, 2014 .
- ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Ellingen in the database of the House of Bavarian History
Absberg | Alesheim | Mountains | Burgsalach | Dittenheim | Ellingen | Ettenstatt | Gnotzheim | Gunzenhausen | Haundorf | Heidenheim | Höttingen | Langenaltheim | Berolzheim market | Meinheim | Muhr am See | Nennslingen | Pappenheim | Pfofeld | Pleinfeld | Polsingen | Raitenbuch | Solnhofen | Theilenhofen | Treuchtlingen | Weißenburg in Bavaria | Westheim
Bräumühle | Ellingen | Hörlbach | Karlshof | Kammhof | Lauterbrunnmühle | Massenbach | Summer cellar | Stopfenheim | Tiefenbach | Walkershöfe | Customs mill