Wrede (Bavarian noble family)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of the Princes of Wrede

The Wrede are from the Palatinate derived Bavarian noble family. The most important representative of this family was Carl Philipp von Wrede (1767-1838), who was Bavarian field marshal and diplomat at the time of Napoleon .

history

Prince Carl Philipp von Wrede (1767–1838), Field Marshal General

The Electoral Palatinate civil servant Ferdinand Joseph Wrede (1722–1793) was raised to hereditary nobility in 1790 , and in the following year he also gained the status of imperial baron . He was a member of the Electoral Palatinate government and land clerk in the Heidelberg district office . His marriage to Katharina, born Freiin von Jünger, had thirteen children.

Carl Philipp von Wrede was born in 1767 as the youngest child of this couple . As an officer and diplomat in the Bavarian and French service, he obtained the French hereditary earl status in 1809 (conferred by Napoleon on August 15, 1809) as well as the Bavarian approval to accept this dignity (according to the army order of July 14, 1810). Four years later, the Bavarian award of the title of prince with the salutation " Highness " and the princely rule of Ellingen (on June 9, 1814). In contrast to most German princely houses, the title of prince is not only used as the title of first birth in the Wrede , but (as is also customary in the Russian nobility , see e.g. Lieven , Osten-Sacken ) by all family members and is therefore part of the name today .

Until the end of the monarchy in Bavaria, the princes von Wrede had a hereditary seat in the chamber of imperial councils . In 1917 this position was held by Karl Philipp Fürst von Wrede (1862–1928).

Possessions

Ellingen Castle
Sandsee Castle
Suben Monastery
Mondsee Monastery

In addition to numerous awards and status surveys, Carl Philipp von Wrede also acquired extensive property holdings:

  • Castle Ellingen including the rule of Ellingen (Middle Franconia) was handed over to King Maximilian I Joseph in 1815 to his merited general Carl Philipp, Prince of Wrede, as an appreciation for his services. The new owner subsequently had some rooms furnished with silk and paper wallpaper as well as furniture, glass and bronze figures from Paris . Around 1939 the von Wrede family sold the castle to the Bavarian state . Today it is maintained by the Bavarian Palace Administration, which carried out many maintenance measures around 1990 such as gutting the attic floors and renovating the foundations.
  • The Sandsee Castle was given to Prince Carl Philipp by King Max I Joseph together with the Ellingen thrones. It is still the seat of the von Wrede family.
  • the secularized monastery Suben ( Upper Austria ): Emperor Napoleon donated it to his Field Marshal Carl Philipp von Wrede in 1809. Under his aegis, the monastery buildings fell into disrepair and numerous works of art were sold or kidnapped. In 1855 the kuk Strafhausfonds bought it back from the Wrede family. The buildings of the former Suben Abbey have been used as a penal institution since 1865.
  • The secularized Mondsee Monastery (Upper Austria): In 1809, Carl Philipp von Wrede was raised to the rank of French count by Emperor Napoleon for his meritorious campaigns on the side of France and received the abandoned Mondsee Monastery in the Salzkammergut as a gift. It became a castle with its own domain, which he was allowed to keep even after Napoleon's fall. The now Schloss Mondsee was owned by Wredes descendants from the Almeida family until 1985, after the last bearer of the name, Princess Ignatia von Wrede, died in 1905. In their own estate, they produced and sold Mondsee cheese, a specialty of the area, which Field Marshal Carl Philipp von Wrede had started to produce on a large scale around 1830 and which remained inextricably linked with the name Wrede into the 20th century . The municipality of Mondsee also owes the field marshal the promotion of agriculture and the improvement of traffic conditions through new roads and extensive technical measures. The Marschall-Wrede-Platz is named after him in his honor.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Bavarian Wrede shows a wreath with five roses; plus a blue right upper corner covered with a sword, which identifies the family as a member of the Napoleonic nobility. In Napoleonic heraldry, a blue right upper corner is the mark of a count, while the sword placed on it indicates the character of the owner of the coat of arms as a military person.

There is no evidence of a relationship with the Westphalian original noble family of the Barons von Wrede , which has been documented since 1202, although the application for the nobility elevation in 1790 expressly indicated a relationship with this sex and the title of nobility due to it. Accordingly, the wreath with five roses of the Westphalian Wrede family was chosen as a separate part of the coat of arms.

Significant people

Genealogy (extract)

  1. Ferdinand Joseph Wrede (* 1722; † 1793), since 1790 Imperial Baron von Wrede ⚭ 1746 Katharina Freiin von Jünger (* 1729; † 1804), and had 13 children from this marriage, including:
    1. Louise Josefa v. Wrede (* 1753; † 1791) ⚭ Johann Philipp von Horn (*?; †?), Court judge of the Electoral Palatinate and land clerk of the Kaiserslautern Upper Office, and had children from this marriage, including the Bavarian major general Wilhelm von Horn (1784–1847)
    2. Georg v. Wrede (* 1765; † 1843) ⚭ Julie Zarka de Lukafalva (* 1781; † 1847), and from this marriage had:
      1. Sophie Katharine v. Wrede (* 1811; † 1876) ⚭ Hermann Albrecht Heinrich Ernst Graf von Schönburg- Hinterglauchau (* 1796; † 1841), with whom she had offspring.
    3. Carl Philipp v. Wrede (* 1767; † 1838), Count of France since 1809, Bavarian 1st Prince of Wrede since 1814⚭ 1795 Sophie Aloysia Agathe Countess of Wiser-Siegelsbach (* 1771; † 1837), daughter of Count Friedrich Joseph von Wiser-Siegelsbach ( * 1714; † 1775), and had several children from this marriage, including:
      1. Amalie Auguste v. Wrede (* 1796; † 1871) ⚭ Johann Aloys Fürst zu Oettingen-Oettingen (* 1788; † 1855), with whom she had several offspring.
      2. Karl Theodor, 2nd Prince of Wrede (* 1797; † 1871), Bavarian administrative officer, district president of the Rhine Palatinate ⚭ (I) Amalia Countess von Thürheim (* 1801; † 1842), (II) Amalie Loew (* 1811; † 1879) , and had 5 children from marriage I and 2 children from marriage II:
        1. Maria Sophia v. Wrede (* 1826; † 1883) ⚭ Sigismund Carl Graf von Boineburg and Lengsfeld (* 1827; † 1882), with whom she had offspring.
        2. Carl Friedrich, 3rd Prince of Wrede (* 1828; † 1897) ⚭ Anna Maria Juliana "Ilka" Countess von Vieregg (* 1838; † 1913), and had children from this marriage, including:
          1. Juliana Carolina v. Wrede (* 1857; † 1943) ⚭ Otto Maria Freiherr von Hallberg zu Broich (* 1852; † 1905), with whom she had offspring.
          2. Amalie Christmann v. Wrede (* / † 1858)
          3. Leopoldina Gabriela v. Wrede (* 1860; † 1937)
          4. Carl Philipp, 4th Prince of Wrede (* 1862; † 1928) ⚭ Maria Anna Princess von Lobkowitz (* 1867; † 1957), and had children from this marriage, including:
            1. Maria Helena v. Wrede (* 1890; † 1974)
            2. Maria Sidonia v. Wrede (* 1892; † 1983) ⚭ Hans Ritter von Rauscher auf Weeg (* 1889; † 1957)
            3. Gabriele v. Wrede (* 1895, † 1971) ⚭ Robert Prosper Prince von Arenberg (* 1895, † 1972), with whom she had offspring.
            4. Maria Rosa v. Wrede (* 1896; † 1920) ⚭ Hans Ritter von Rauscher auf Weeg (* 1889; † 1957)
            5. Carl, 5th Prince of Wrede (* 1899; † 1945) ⚭ Sophie Hedwig Countess Schaffgotsch called Semperfrei von und zu Kynast (* 1916; † 2008), and had children from this marriage, including:
              1. Anna Gabrielle v. Wrede (* 1940) ⚭ Archduke Rudolph of Austria (* 1919; † 2010), with whom she had offspring.
              2. Carl, 6th Prince von Wrede (* 1942), at Sandsee Castle , ⚭ (I) Ingeborg Hamberger (* 1944), (II) Eva Katharina Kovarcz de Kovarczfalva (* c. 1945), divorced princess of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach , and has children from I. marriage, including:
                1. Alexandra v. Wrede (* 1970) ⚭ Archduke Karl of Austria (* 1955), with whom she has descendants.
                2. Carl Christian v. Wrede (* 1972) ⚭ 2003 Katalin Countess Bethlen de Bethlen (* 1975), and has children from this marriage, including:
                  1. Alicia Claire v. Wrede (* 2007)
                  2. Carl Nikolaus v. Wrede (* 2010)
                  3. Balint v. Wrede (* 2012)
                  4. Alexius v. Wrede (* 2014)
              3. Sophie Elisabeth v. Wrede (* 1944) ⚭ Count Tassilo von Montgelas (* 1937), with whom she has offspring.
            6. Ida v. Wrede (* 1909; † 1998) 1928 ⚭ Nikolaus Fürst zu Salm-Salm (* 1909; † 1988), with whom she had offspring.
          5. Otto Friedrich v. Wrede (* / † 1865)
          6. Oscar Eugen v. Wrede (* 1867; †?)
        3. Otto Friedrich v. Wrede (* 1829; † 1896), at Mondsee Monastery (Upper Austria), ⚭ Ignatia Christine von Mack (* 1837; †?), And had children from this marriage, including:
          1. Helene Ignatia v. Wrede (* 1859; † 1935) ⚭ 1879 Carlos Augusto Graf von Almeida (* 1846; † 1902), with whom she had offspring.
        4. Emma Sophie v. Wrede (* 1831; † 1888) ⚭ Max Joseph Karl Wilhelm Graf von Tattenbach (* 1823; † 1898), with whom she had offspring.
        5. Oscar Eugen v. Wrede (* 1834; † 1907) ⚭ Marie Freiin von Leitner (* 1848; † 1902), and had children from this marriage, including:
          1. Albin Oscar v. Wrede (* 1874; † 1877)
          2. Carl Friedrich v. Wrede (* 1875; † 1877)
        6. Alfred Carl v. Wrede (* 1844; † 1911) ⚭ (I) Rosa von Mack (* 1831; † 1915), (II) Karola Köpatha de Nemes-Kapus (* 1844; † 1926), and had children from these marriages, including:
          1. Olga Alfreda v. Wrede (* 1867; † 1938) ⚭ Alexander Oskar Fürst Poniński (* 1856; † 1915), with whom she had offspring.
          2. Adalbert Alfred v. Wrede (* 1868; †?)
          3. Ignaz Christian v. Wrede (* 1870; † 1945)
        7. Eugen Christmann v. Wrede (* 1848; † 1849)
      3. Joseph v. Wrede (* 1800; † 1871), Imperial Russian Colonel ⚭ 1836 Anastasia von Petrowo-Solowowo (* 1808; † 1870), owner of Sparbersbach Castle since 1861 , and had children from this marriage, including:
        1. Nikolaus v. Wrede (* 1837; † 1909), Austrian general and diplomat ⚭ Gabriele Countess von Herberstein (* 1851; † 1923), and had children from this marriage, including:
          1. Gabriele v. Wrede (* 1880; † 1966) ⚭ Eduard Graf von Kielmansegg (* 1874; † 1941), with whom she had offspring.
          2. Maria Theresia v. Wrede (* 1881; †?)
          3. Joseph Adolph v. Wrede (* / † 1886)
          4. Theresia Maria v. Wrede (* 1893; †?) ⚭ Ernst August Freiherr von der Wense (* 1891; † 1942)
        2. Olga v. Wrede (* 1839; †?) ⚭ Carl Freiherr von Simbschen (*?; †?)
        3. Anastasia v. Wrede (* 1840; †?) ⚭ Friedrich Graf von Ortenburg (* 1831; † 1904), with whom she had offspring.
        4. Constantin v. Wrede (* 1842; † 1873)
        5. Adolf v. Wrede (* 1849; † 1923) ⚭ 1896 Carmen de Alvear y Pacheco (* 1855; † 1926)
      4. Gustav Friedrich v. Wrede (* 1802; † 1840) ⚭ Maria Contessa Balsamo (*?; † 1841), and had children from this marriage, including:
        1. Johanna Adelaide v. Wrede (* 1834; † 1915) ⚭ Karl Joseph Graf von Wiser -Siegelsbach (* 1834; †?), With whom she had offspring.
        2. Ursula Sophie v. Wrede (* 1836; † 1849)
      5. Sophie Marie v. Wrede (* 1806; † 1866)
      6. Eugene v. Wrede (* 1806; † 1845), Bavarian judicial officer and district president of the Rheinpfalz , founder of the city of Ludwigshafen am Rhein ⚭ Therese Mathilde Freiin von Schaumberg (* 1811; † 1887), and had children from this marriage, including:
        1. Edmund Karl v. Wrede (* 1836; † 1890)
        2. Bertha Amalie v. Wrede (* 1837; †?)
        3. Eugene Adolph v. Wrede (* 1839; †?) ⚭ Maria von Gutmansthal-Benvenuti (* 1852; † 1936), and had children from this marriage, including:
          1. Carl Ludwig v. Wrede (* 1876; † 1947) ⚭ Marie Alice Mayer (* 1886; †?)
          2. Edmund Alexander v. Wrede (* 1878; † 1963) ⚭ Edda de Benitez y Alvear (* 1880; † 1958), and had children from this marriage, including:
            1. Carmen Adolfine v. Wrede (* 1904; † 1994) ⚭ Alexander Ernst Fürst zu Solms-Braunfels (* 1903; † 1989)
            2. Edda Maria v. Wrede (* 1904; † 1985) ⚭ Walter Burckhardt (* 1908; †?), With whom she had offspring.
            3. Edmund Philipp v. Wrede (1919--1941)
      7. Natalia Wilhelmine v. Wrede (* 1809; † 1841)
      8. Adolph Wilhelm v. Wrede (* 1810; † 1884) ⚭ Desiree Countess Crohowska (*?; †?), And had children from this marriage, including:
        1. Raoul Joseph v. Wrede (* 1843; †?) ⚭ Marie Countess Hutten-Czapska (*?; †?)

literature

  • Hasso Dormann: Field Marshal Fürst Wrede , Süddeutscher Verlag, Munich, 1982, ISBN 3-7991-6162-7
  • Annett Haberlah-Pohl: New Elite With Traditional Identity? The princes von Wrede as climbers in the Bavarian nobility . In: Franconia 2 (supplements to the yearbook for Franconian regional history), Neustadt ad Aisch 2010, pp. 193–205.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Website on the history of Mondsee, with reference to the von Wrede family and the cheese they produce ( memento of the original from August 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pilgerweg-vianova.eu
  2. ^ Knesebeck: Historical paperback of the nobility in the Kingdom of Hanover. Hanover, 1840 p. 305f. and Haberlah-Pohl: New elite with traditional identity? The Prince of Wrede as a climber in the Bavarian aristocracy, in: Aufbruch in die Moderne? Bavaria, the Old Reich and Europe at the turn of the century around 1800, Neustadt ad Aisch 2010, pp. 193–206
  3. ^ Hasso Dormann: Feldmarschall Fürst Wrede , Süddeutscher Verlag, Munich, 1982, pages 9 and 10
  4. ^ Genealogical website on Sophie Aloysia Agathe von Wiser
  5. ^ Biographical website on Carl Philipp von Wrede ( Memento from April 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Genealogical website of the couple, with children
  7. ^ Stadtmuseum Graz: Historisches Jahrbuch der Stadt Graz, Volumes 32–33, 2002, page 238; Excerpt from the source