Schaumberg (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those von Schaumberg based on Scheibler's book of arms
Schaumburg (Thuringia)

Schaumberg (formerly also mentioned as Scowenberc , Schowenberg , Schavenberg , Schawnberg and Schawmburg ) is the name of a widely ramified Franconian noble family with the ancestral castle Schaumburg in Franconian southern Thuringia on the border with Bavaria . The Lords of Schaumberg were among other things to the ministry of the Counts of Andechs and later Dukes of Andechs-Meranien and belonged to the Franconian knight circle . The Schaumbergs exerted a great influence on the Franconian area. The gender expired in 2002 in the male line .

history

origin

The castrum schaumburg was first mentioned together with the castrum sonneberg , the manorial seat of the Lords of Sonneberg , possible relatives of the Schaumbergs, in connection with the foundation of the Banz monastery in 1071 in a treatise that was only written after 1295. In 1174, Schaumberg Castle in Schalkauer Land was first mentioned in a document as an allod of the Burgraves of Meißen from the Sterker von Wohlsbach family . The von Schaumbergs were first mentioned in 1216 in a donation to the Banz monastery, in which Heinrich [I] and Otto [I] were listed with the ancestral seat of their family at Schaumberg Castle. The castle, which remained in their possession until the Count von Sterker von Wohlsbach died out in 1177, then came into the possession of the von Schaumbergs. A connection between the noble Schaumbergers and the Counts Sterkern von Wohlsbach through marriage is unlikely due to the class structure , but presumably a vassal connection existed. In the course of the transfer of ownership of Schaumberg Castle, the gender was probably named, which is analogous to the Giech and Plassenberg families after their official seat as ministerials . The core of the Schaumberg rule was thus probably founded with the imperial fiefs going back to the Sterker-Wohlsbach in the southwest of the Thuringian Slate Mountains . The imperial loan relationship was confirmed in 1245 by Emperor Friedrich II for Heinrich II von Schaumberg and for his two sons Otto II and Heinrich III.

Until 1315 the Lords of Schaumberg extended their rule to the Sonneberg Unterland, where they built the "Newe Hus", the rather modest Neuhaus Castle , to safeguard their interests against the Vicedomini von Würzburg, who were also active in this region .

development

After the Dukes of Andechs-Meranien died out in 1248, the county of Henneberg raised claims to the imperial fief of this region. The Hennebergers were awarded the Schaumburg in 1260 in the Langenstadt legal ruling and displaced the Schaumbergs to the Niederfüllbach manor , but enfeoffed the children of Heinrich the Elder von Schauenberg with the remaining property of their now extinct relatives, the Sonneberg lordship. This gave rise to the Schaumberg-Rauenstein line, which built a new mansion in Rauenstein , halfway between Schalkau and Sonneberg. This castle was first mentioned in a document in 1349 as the “Ruhestein”. Today it is a ruin. In 1343, Margrave Friedrich II of Meißen concluded a protective alliance with the Schaumbergers and subsequently enfeoffed them with their former possessions. In addition to their direct property and genealogical property ( Fideikommiss ), the family temporarily managed various shares in the imperial fiefdom and also a man fief that had to be fought for or secured from generation to generation. The Schaumberger had u. a. a feud with Lutz Schott von Schottenstein .

Name bearers and tribe lists of those von Schaumberg

Painting (approx. 1850) by Anton Ludwig Ferdinand von Schaumberg, the last owner of the Schaumberg family in Schloss Kleinziegenfeld

Tribe list

The family list is based on the family trees in the two regesta volumes by Oskar von Schaumberg (cf. literature).

  1. Unknown progenitor of the Schaumberg family
    1. Heinrich I von Schaumberg (* around 1165/70; † 1243)
      1. Otto I. von Schaumberg (* around 1190; † probably before 1239)
      2. Heinrich II. Von Schaumberg (* around 1190/95; † 1250) ⚭ possibly with a Reichsministeriale von Schellenberg
        1. Otto II von Schaumberg (* around 1215; † 1276) ⚭ NN, ⚭ II) Eusemia von Windheim
          1. I) Eberhard II. Von Schaumberg (* before 1250, † after 1276)
            1. Heinrich von Schaumberg zu Schwarzburg († after 1315)
          2. I) Otto von Schaumberg zu Schwarzburg (* before 1250, † after 1315); Cathedral canon, cathedral waiter and provost of the Archdiocese of Bamberg
          3. II) NN (* around 1272/76)
        2. Henry III. von Schaumberg (* around 1215; † 1265) ⚭ Adelheid (* possibly Förtsch von Thurnau ; † after 1266)
          1. Heinrich IV. Von Schaumberg (* around 1240; † 1303) ⚭ Gisela (* possibly Marschalk von Kunstadt ; † 1294 or later)
            1. Heinrich V. von Schaumberg (* around 1270; † 1335) ⚭ NN (* possibly von Kotzau )
              1. Gisela von Schaumberg (* around 1300) ⚭ before 1318 with Heinrich von Walsberg († 1328), ⚭ II) before 1334 with Christian von Coburg
              2. Gerhaus von Schaumberg (* around 1300) ⚭ Johann Fliger († 1332), ⚭ II) Johann von Wenkheim († 1385)
            2. Eberhard IV von Schaumberg (* around 1270; † between 1323 to 1336) ⚭ Mechthild Marschalk von Kunstadt zu Redwitz
              1. Heinrich VIII von Schaumberg (* around 1290/95; † 1360) ⚭ Christine von Lichtenstein
                1. Eberhard IX. von Schaumberg (* around 1315, † after 1352)
                2. Heinrich XIV. Von Schaumberg (* around 1315; † 1378) ⚭ Anna von Schletten
              2. Erkenbrecht von Schaumberg (* around 1290/95; † 1352) ⚭ NN
                1. Eberhard X. (* around 1315; † 1387) with his death in 1387 the line of Eberhard IV. Von Schaumberg died out in the male line.
              3. Henry IX. von Schaumberg (* around 1295; † 1360) ⚭ Katharina von Seckendorff
              4. Fritz von Schaumberg (* around 1320; † after 1360)
              5. Henry XV. von Schaumberg (* around 1320; † after 1360)
              6. Eberhard VI. von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † 1360)
              7. Agnes von Schaumberg (* around 1300)
            3. Heinrich Va. Von Schaumberg (* around 1270; † 1334) ⚭ Margarethe (* possibly Marschalk von Kunstadt)
              1. Eberhard VII von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † 1334) ⚭ NN Fligerin (= Voitin von Salzburg )
                1. Henry XVI. von Schaumberg (* around 1330; † 1411) ⚭ around 1359 Eva von Maßbach, ⚭ II) around 1381 Sophie von Giech
                  1. Wilhelm I von Schaumberg (* around 1370, † after 1382) - founder of the Thundorf line, which became extinct in 1571 in the male line
                  2. Heinz XXII. von Schaumberg (* around 1375, † after 1412)
                  3. Hans IV. Von Schaumberg (* around 1380; † after 1416), Lord of the German Order
                  4. Eberhard XIII. von Schaumberg (* around 1385) - founder of the male line of Rügheim, which became extinct in 1475
                  5. Georg I von Schaumberg (* around 1390; † after 1475) - Canon and from 1459 Prince-Bishop of Bamberg
                  6. Adam I. von Schaumberg (* around 1395; after † 1423), Teutonic Order Lord , Bishop of Samland and Marshal of Riga
                  7. Margarete (* around 1395) ⚭ Lamprecht von Seckendorff-Rinhofen
              2. Heinrich X. von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † 1334)
                1. Heinz XVII. von Schaumberg (* around 1325; † 1385) ⚭ Gisela (* possibly from Coburg), ⚭ II) Margarethe NN
                  1. Hans V. von Schaumberg (* around 1345; † 1395/96) ⚭ Anna NN
                    1. George IV von Schaumberg (* around 1365; † between 1396 and 1421 in Mitwitz)
                      1. Leonhard I. von Schaumberg (* around 1385) - Founded the line to Saalfeld-Döschnitz (Schwarzburg), which became extinct in 1593 in the male line
                      2. Peter II von Schaumberg (* 1388; † 1469) - Bishop of Augsburg (1424–1469), cardinal (memorial stone in Augsburg Cathedral )
                      3. George VI. von Schaumberg (* around 1390) court master at Augsburg
                      4. Otto V. von Schaumberg (* around 1390) provost of Augsburg
                    2. Heinz XXIV. Von Schaumberg (* around 1375) - Founded the lines to Haig , Württemberg († 1815), Kleinziegenfeld († 1858) and Stöckigt
                    3. Georg V von Schaumberg (* around 1375)
              3. Carl I. von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † around 1385) ⚭ Margarethe von Lichtenstein
                1. Apel von Schaumberg (* around 1325, † around 1385) ⚭ Anna von Füllbach - founder of the Untermanndorf line, which became extinct in 1514 in the male line
                2. Heinz XVIII. von Schaumberg (* around 1325; † after 1391) - founder of the line to Lichtenfels - Unterfüllbach, which became extinct in the male line in 1549
                3. Carl II. Von Schaumberg (* around 1325; † after 1381) - founder of the lines of Streufdorf († 1511), Gereuth († 1547), Traunstein († 1659) and Obersiemau († 1767)
                4. Peter von Schaumberg (* around 1330; † around 1389) ⚭ Huse von Mutensheim
                5. Eberhard XI. von Schaumberg (* around 1335; † around 1433), from 1406 canon of St. Burkhard zu Würzburg , in 1408 papal appointment as abbot of Banz Monastery
              4. Henry XI. von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † 1374) ⚭ Else von Streitberg
                1. Hans II. Von Schaumberg (* around 1325; † 1398) ⚭ Katharina von Aufseß, ⚭ II) Anna Fuchs
                  1. Georg II von Schaumberg (* around 1350; † after 1394) ⚭ before 1394 Dorothea von Schweinshaupten - Founded the Traustadt - Lisberg line , which was referred to as the Strössendorf - Almerswind line from 1549 .
                  2. Michael I. von Schaumberg (* around 1350; † after 1392) - founded the male line to Strössendorf- Burgkunstadt - Nagel, which became extinct in 1549
                2. Heinz XIX. von Schaumberg (* around 1325, † after 1396)
                  1. Carl IV von Schaumberg (* around 1350, † after 1396) - founded with his brother Hans VI. the lines to Münnerstadt († 1578), Sternberg († 1539) and Roth († 1532)
                  2. Hans VI. von Schaumberg (* around 1350, † after 1393)
                  3. George III von Schaumberg (* around 1350; † after 1419) - founder of the lines Lauterburg - Effelder - Unterleiterbach - Schney († 1694) and Schaumberg († 1762)
                  4. Heinrich XXIIa. von Schaumberg (* around 1350; † 1416) - from 1415 Bishop of Samland
                  5. Adam II of Schaumberg (* around 1350) ⚭ Felicitas Voitin of Salzburg
                3. Carl III von Schaumberg (* around 1325; † 1395) ⚭ Anna NN
                  1. Heinz XXIII. von Schaumberg (* around 1350, † after 1395)
              5. Otto III. von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † after 1344)
              6. Hans I. von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † 1399)
              7. Eberhard VIII von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † 1378)
              8. Felicitas von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † after 1390) ⚭ R. Fuchs zu Eltmann
              9. NN von Schaumberg (* around 1300) ⚭ before 1348 Heinz Münzmeister
            4. Christine von Schaumberg (* around 1270; 1324) ⚭ Siegfried von Stein († 1317), ⚭ II) 1317 Hermann von Thünfeld
            5. Elisabeth von Schaumberg (* around 1270; after 1324) ⚭ Conrad von Druschendorf
          2. Eberhard III. von Schaumberg (* around 1240; † 1300)
            1. Henry VI. von Schaumberg (* around 1265, † after 1340) ⚭ NN von Lichtenstein (daughter of Apels von Lichtenstein)
              1. Otto IV von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † 1368) ⚭ before 1337 Pia von Heldrit, ⚭ II) before 1356 Kunne von Aufseß
                1. Hans III. von Schaumberg (* around 1320; † 1345)
                2. Heinz XX. von Schaumberg (* around 1320; † after 1344)
                3. Eberhard XII. von Schaumberg (* around 1320, † around 1390)
                  1. Kaspar von Schaumberg (* around 1350, † 1429), abbot of the Schwarzach monastery - with him the line of Eberhard III died out. von Schaumberg in the male line.
                4. Petze von Schaumberg (* around 1320; † after 1368) ⚭ before 1368 Volknand Wolf von Landeswehr
                5. Katharina von Schaumberg (* around 1320; † after 1356)
              2. Heinrich XII. von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † after 1352)
                1. Heinrich XXI. (* around 1320; † after 1383) ⚭ Anna von Füllbach
                2. Gerhaus von Schaumberg (* around 1320; † after 1338)
                3. Felicitas von Schaumberg (* around 1320, † after 1338)
                4. Gisela von Schaumberg (* around 1320, † after 1338)
              3. Henry XIII. von Schaumberg (* around 1300; † 1349) ⚭ Hedwig NN
            2. Eberhard V. von Schaumberg (* around 1270, † after 1294)
        3. Eberhard I von Schaumberg (* around 1215, † after 1268); Cathedral canon of the Archdiocese of Bamberg
    2. Otto Ia. von Schaumberg zu Schauenstein (* probably around 1175; † after 1237; from 1230 only "von Schauenstein")
      1. Eberhard Ia. von Schauenstein (* probably around 1200; † after 1237)
        1. Heinrich IIIa. von Schauenstein (* probably around 1225; † after 1271); Cathedral canon and archdeacon of the Archdiocese of Bamberg under Berthold von Leiningen
          1. NN (daughter; * probably around 1250; † after 1271) ⚭ with Konrad von Wolfstriegel , who owned Castle Schauenstein .
        2. Tuto von Schauenstein (* probably around 1225; † between 1250 and 1271)

More name bearers

Ennobling and dynastic marriages

The von Schaumberg family branched out widely in the Lower Franconian and Upper Franconian areas, were enrolled in the imperial knighthood in the cantons of Rhön-Werra and Gebürg , and in 1860 they were raised to the royal Bavarian baron status. The sex died out in the male line in 2002. The Schaumbergs concluded dynastic marriages with other former noble families such as those of Bibra , Giech , Guttenberg , Hanstein , Heßberg , Rosenberg and Sparneck.

coat of arms

Family coat of arms

Blazon : The original family coat of arms of those von Schaumberg is divided, split by silver and red at the top, blue at the bottom.

Explanation: The coat of arms is similar to the coat of arms of those of Westerstetten (noble family) . This indicates the family relationship between the Lords of Westerstetten and the Schaumbergs.

Increased coat of arms

Blazon: The increased coat of arms of the barons of Schaumburg shows the shield quartered; Fields 1 and 4 contain the family coat of arms of those von Schaumberg, fields 2 and 3 are split: in front in silver a black sheep scissors , behind in silver a red rafter [cf. Family coat of arms of those von Sonneberg ].

Explanation: There are obviously variations on the number of rafters, the basic colors and other details. The increasing complexity of coats of arms and helmet decorations was a fashion trend of the nobility to represent their own class, but also showed the inherited possession of possibly already extinct lines of other noble families. The von Schaumberg took over possession of the Lords of Sonneberg.

Foamberg coat of arms elements in the municipal coat of arms

The Schaumbergs have found their way into municipal and district coats of arms with their coat of arms. The coat of arms of the Sonneberg district , for example, took up the historical roots. In addition to the coat of arms of the Margraviate of Meißen ( a black, upright, red-armored lion on a golden field ), the elements of the increased coat of arms of the Schaumburgs can be found.

The history also takes into account the coat of arms of the municipality of Effelder-Rauenstein including its predecessor municipality Rauenstein and the municipality of Pettstadt (Upper Franconia). The municipal coat of arms of Westerstetten is also completely identical to the family coat of arms of the Schaumbergs . This indicates the family relationship between the Lords of Westerstetten and the Schaumbergs.

Locations with references to the Schaumberger

Thuringia

Burg Schaumburg with Schalkau , Castle Almerswind , Good Katzberg and manor Ehnes , Castle Mupperg in Mupperg , Burg Neuhaus in Neuhaus-Schierschnitz (municipality Föritztal ), Schloss Effelder , Burg Rauenstein and Rauenstein in Frankenblick , Grümpen and Theuern , Bachfeld , Siegmundsburg , castle Unterlind in Unterlind ( district of Sonneberg ), Schweickershausen ( district of Hildburghausen ), Ilmenau (1476–1498)

Bavaria

Upper Franconia

Ahorn (near Coburg) with Ahorn Castle , Lauterburg near Rödental -Oberwohlsbach, Niederfüllbach and Weißenbrunn vorm Wald ( Coburg district ), Heunischenburg near Kronach , Strössendorf Castle , Mitwitz Castle , Upper Castle (Mitwitz) and Mitwitz , Fürth am Berg Castle and Tschirn ( District of Kronach ), Schney near Lichtenfels ( District of Lichtenfels ), Wiesentfels Castle near Hollfeld ( District of Bayreuth )

Lower Franconia

Rothhausen and Thundorf ( Bad Kissingen district ), Gereuth Castle in the Untermerzbach district of Gereuth (formerly Schaumbergsgereuth) in the Haßberge district , Bergrheinfeld ( Schweinfurt district )

Middle Franconia

Veldenstein Castle near Neuhaus an der Pegnitz in the district of Nürnberger Land , Marloffstein Castle

Upper Bavaria

Eichstätt , Hirschberg Castle and Nassenfels Castle in the Eichstätt district

Epitaphs of the Schaumberger

literature

  • Alban von Dobenck : History of the extinct family of the von Sparneck (part 1 and 2) . In: Archives for the history of Upper Franconia . Bayreuth 1905/1906.
  • F. Kipp: New Year's Eve from Schaumberg, Luther's friend . In: G. Berbig: Sources and representations from the history of the Reformation century . Leipzig 1911.
  • B. Röttger: The art monuments of Bavaria. District of Wunsiedel and urban district of Marktredwitz . Munich 1954.
  • Oskar von Schaumberg: Regests of the Franconian family von Schaumberg 1216 - 1300 , Volume 1, Coburg 1930.
  • Oskar von Schaumberg: Regests of the Franconian family von Schaumberg 1300 - 1400 , Volume 2, Coburg 1939.
  • Thomas Schwämmlein: The gentlemen from Sonneberg and von Schaumberg. On the relationships between two noble families between Obermain and Thuringian Slate Mountains , In: History in Franconia - Yearbook of the Colloquium Historicum Wirsbergense Association - Heimat- und Geschichtsfreunde in Franken eV , Vol. 3, CHW (Ed.), Lichtenfels 2019, p. 7– 26th

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Schwämmlein (2019), pp. 10–12
  2. ↑ New General German Adels Lexicon Volume 8, p. 99.
  3. ↑ a b Peter Braun: The Lords of Sparneck - family tree, distribution, brief inventory . In: Archives for the history of Upper Franconia . Bayreuth 2002.