Schaumberg Castle (Thuringia)
| Schaumberg Castle | ||
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 entrance |
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| Creation time : | before 1150 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Wall remains, ground monument | |
| Standing position : | Local nobility | |
| Place: | Schalkau | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 23 '38 " N , 10 ° 59' 23" E | |
| Height: | 492 m above sea level NN | |
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The castle Schaumberg , including Schaumburg called, is the ruins of a hilltop castle on 492 m above sea level. NN west of Schalkau in Thuringia . It was the ancestral seat of the noble family of the Schaumbergs , who ruled the surrounding lands from the 12th to the 14th century.
history
The history of the castle can be traced back to 1147. Presumably it was built by the Burgraves of Meißen from the Sterker von Wohlsbach family and acquired by the Schaumbergers at the end of the 12th or beginning of the 13th century. The actual history of Schalkau begins with the documentary mention of the noble family of the Schaumbergs in 1216 on their ancestral castle: most of the servants and servants of the castle were settled at the foot of the Schaumberg. At that time, the horse and soldier's men were called Schalken, so that it can rightly be assumed that this gave the settlement its name, especially since the town of Schalken is still spoken of today in the land in front of the forest.
As was common in late feudalism and in the Middle Ages, the power and ownership structures in the Schalkau region have constantly changed: the Schaumbergs were ousted by the Hennebergers in the middle of the 14th century and retreated to Rauenstein . The husband of the Henneberg princess Katharina , Margrave Friedrich III. von Meißen , who had received the care of Coburg as a marriage property, granted the town of Schalkau town and market rights on December 6, 1362 .
Under Wilwolt von Schaumberg , who had bought the castle back for Schaumberg around 1500, it was expanded into a modern fortress in 1501–1503 and survived economic crises and political and religious wars unscathed until the Thirty Years' War . In the first days of July 1635, the castle on the Schaumberg went up in flames after thorough sacking. Five years later it was attacked again and this time the rest of the castle and outer bailey sank completely to rubble.
State of preservation
Only ruins are left of the once proud fortress, but regardless of this, the castle ruins are worth seeing and the largest soil monument in the Sonneberg district . The city of Schalkau recognized the value of the Schaumberg ruins for the development of tourism in Schalkauer Land and initiated extensive security and dismantling measures at the beginning of the 1990s in order to preserve the monument and make it accessible for tourism.
literature
- Dirk Höhne: Results of the archaeological investigations on the Schaumburg ruins . In: Schaumberg - Schalkau. Burg - Stadt - Kirche , Schalkau 2000, pp. 59–109.
- Stefan Löffler: Wilwolt von Schaumberg (around 1446-1510). The life of an unusual man in an unusual time . In: Schaumberg - Schalkau. Burg - Stadt - Kirche , Schalkau 2000, pp. 110–157.
- Prof. G. Brückner: Geography of the Duchy of Meinigen , Volume 2: The topography of the country , Verlag Brückner and Renner, Meinigen 1853, p. 490 f.
- Ludwig von Eyb: The stories and deeds of Wilwolts von Schaumburg . Edited by A. von Keller. Library of the literary association in Stuttgart 50 (Stuttgart 1859) (digitized by Google Books)
