Mitwitz

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Mitwitz market
Mitwitz
Map of Germany, position of the Mitwitz market highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 15 '  N , 11 ° 13'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Franconia
County : Kronach
Management Community : Mitwitz
Height : 304 m above sea level NHN
Area : 33.19 km 2
Residents: 2779 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 84 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 96268
Area code : 09266
License plate : KC, SAN
Community key : 09 4 76 154
LOCODE : DE MTZ

Market administration address : 		Coburger Str. 14
96268 Mitwitz
Website : www.mitwitz.de
Mayor : Oliver Plewa ( CSU )
Location of the Mitwitz market in the Kronach district
Langenbacher Forst Birnbaum (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Landkreis Coburg Landkreis Hof Landkreis Kulmbach Landkreis Lichtenfels Thüringen Ludwigsstadt Weißenbrunn Marktrodach Tettau (Oberfranken) Schneckenlohe Mitwitz Küps Nordhalben Wilhelmsthal Tschirn Teuschnitz Steinbach am Wald Reichenbach (Landkreis Kronach) Wallenfels Stockheim (Oberfranken) Steinwiesen Pressig Kronachmap
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Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / market

Mitwitz is a market in the Upper Franconian district of Kronach in Bavaria . It is the seat of the administrative community Mitwitz .

geography

location

Mitwitz lies on the Steinach and the Föritz , which flows into the Steinach, on the edge of the Franconian Forest on the connecting route between the cities of Kronach and Coburg .

geology

Fertile loess soils , extensive mixed forest areas, a wide valley bordered by rivers and hills, swamps and floodplains, as well as the proximity (as the crow flies approx. 5 km) to the former German-German border characterize the region around the Mitwitz market.

Community structure

The 27 officially named municipal parts are:

history

middle Ages

The place was first mentioned in 1266, the lords of Schaumberg (noble family) were the first owners of the village, moated castle Mitwitz and Herrschaft Mitwitz . Around 1425 the lords of Schaumberg sold the place to the von Rosenau family (noble family) . The castle was badly damaged and looted in 1525 during the Peasants' War .

Modern times

Mitwitz became Protestant in 1567, and a small school next to the Jakobskirche was mentioned. Hieronymus von Würtzburg acquired the moated castle along with all his affiliations in 1576. From 1574 to around 1600, the Jakobskirche was enlarged and got its present appearance. In the years 1596 to approx. 1600 Hans Veit I von Würzburg had the moated castle completely restored. The last documented execution of the Mitwitz court took place on the Zimmeranger. Andreas Dötschel started a diary in 1624, his stepbrother Georg wrote it on. It was published under the title Diary of the Dötschel Brothers . In the Neundorf district, 36 people died of the plague in 1626. During the Thirty Years' War the population was involved in religious struggles, Kronach fought on the Catholic side and Mitwitz on the Protestant side. In the years 1631 to 1634 in particular, many people died. The upper castle was rebuilt in 1713.

Around 1800 about 90 houses were mentioned in Mitwitz. Against the resistance of Mr. von Mitwitz, Karl Philipp Veit von Würtzburg, the place fell to the Electorate of Bavaria in 1803. The Freiherr von Würtzburg ruling court Mitwitz existed from 1813 to 1848, then a royal Bavarian judicial and police authority existed for a short time until 1849. The volunteer fire brigade Mitwitz was founded in 1868. In 1876 the new school at the Jakobskirche was inaugurated and in 1876 the registry office district Mitwitz was founded. Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, who later became King Ludwig III, visited the place in 1892. By 1900 there were 150 houses and 956 residents. Mayor was Georg Motschmann. From 1905 the place was connected to the public electricity network, the electricity was supplied from Steinach. During the First World War , about 70 citizens of the place died, among them Baron Edmund von Würtzburg, the last male descendant of the sex. The Steinachtal Railway was opened in 1920 and in 1926 the place was connected to the water supply network, which made the previous water supply from local wells largely superfluous. In World War II, more than 100 residents died. The Americans occupied the place on April 13, 1945. At the end of the war, art treasures and books from the Frankfurt libraries were moved to the palace. With the division of Germany , the area became a border area on the border with the GDR. A new school was built in 1950, around 1738 residents lived in 233 buildings. Mitwitz was given a market town coat of arms in 1955, and in 1966 the 700th anniversary of the town was celebrated. Burgstall was incorporated in 1972. In 1974 the Mitwitz market was merged with the communities Hofsteinach, Kaltenbrunn and Neundorf with Schwärzdorf to form the new large community of Mitwitz. Leutendorf and Horb were later incorporated. In 1975 the newly built association school was inaugurated. On the initiative of District Administrator Heinz Köhler, the moated castle was renovated from 1977 to 1988. Since the reunification in 1989, the old connection routes to the district of Sonneberg to Thuringia have been used again. In 1995 there were 3317 inhabitants in 832 houses in the municipality. The elevated tank for the drinking water supply was put into operation in 2001, and in 2002 the sewage treatment plant of the Steinachtal wastewater association was inaugurated.

Incorporations

The following table lists the formerly independent municipalities with the date of incorporation into the Mitwitz market:

Former
parish		 Residents
(1970)		 date annotation
Burgstall 167 01/01/1972 partial incorporation, the hamlet of Rotschreuth with 34 of the 167 inhabitants moved to Gehülz
Hof an der Steinach - 01/01/1970 Merger with Steinach an der Steinach zu Hofsteinach
Hofsteinach 556 01/01/1974
Horb on the Steinach 106 01/01/1977
Kaltenbrunn 190 01/01/1974
Leutendorf near Coburg 149 01/01/1976
Neundorf 334 01/01/1974
Schwarzdorf 125 07/01/1971 Incorporation to Neundorf
Steinach an der Steinach - 01/01/1970 Merger with Hof an der Steinach zu Hofsteinach

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018, the population fell from 3,036 to 2,815 by 221 or 7.3%. In the 1990s Mitwitz had over 3,200 inhabitants.

politics

Market council

City council election 2014
Turnout: 56.3% (2008: 63.60%)
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
29.6%
33.6%
24.6%
12.2%

The local elections in 2002, 2008 and 2014 led to the following allocation of seats in the municipal council:

Party / list 2002 2008 2014
CSU 5 5 5
SPD 6th 6th 4th
Free community of voters 4th 4th 3
Green 1 1 2
total 16 seats 16 seats 14 seats

coat of arms

Blazon : The coat of arms of the community is “divided and split above; at the top, in gold, a left-facing, red-armored black lion covered with a silver sloping left bar ; behind, in gold, the trunk of a bearded man, clad in black, with a black pointed cap , at the top of which hangs a six-pointed red star ; below four golden deciduous trees next to one another in black on golden ground. "

Town twinning

A partnership agreement has been in place with the city of Ebeleben in Thuringia since 2008 .

Culture and sights

Buildings and monuments

  • town hall

  • Upper castle from 1713

  • Jakobskirche

  • Moated castle, built by Hans Veit I von Würtzburg

Green Belt (biotope network)

The place is on the " Green Belt ", the biotope network along the former border with the GDR. The initiator of this now Europe-wide biotope network ( Green Belt Europe ), Kai Frobel , comes from the neighboring town of Hassenberg. Together with the Kronach branch of the Federal Nature Conservation Association in Bavaria, he made the first explorations of the biodiversity of the border strip in the Mitwitz area from the mid-1970s.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

It is about four kilometers to the B 303 . The next train station is in Kronach .

Public facilities

  • "Don Camillo" youth center

education

  • Mitwitz elementary school,
  • Beekeeping School Upper Franconia,
  • Ecological educational institution Upper Franconia
  • Montessori School Mitwitz

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Hans [Johann] Veit I von Würtzburg (* 1561; † January 4, 1610 in Kronach), on June 11, 1590 he received the property of the Lower Castle in Mitwitz by dividing the estate; In 1594 he bought the Upper Castle from Adam von Rosenau; from 1596 bailiff in Fürth am Berg and captain in Kronach; mainly carried out formative construction work on the lower and upper castle and the church, your current reputation goes back to him; Burial in Mitwitz; see also Veit II. von Würtzburg .
  • Johann Veit von Würtzburg (born October 19 or 29, 1674 in Mitwitz; † May 9, 1756); Son of baron Hans Veit IV (1638–1703) in Mitwitz; Cathedral dean ; from 1729 governor of Bishop Friedrich Karl von Schönborn (noble family) , who united two bishopric seats in his hand and was also Vice Chancellor in Würzburg; since 1727 owner of the Haig estate near Mitwitz; rebuilt the castle according to plans by the builder Michael Küchel; was buried in the cathedral of Würzburg.
  • Johann Karl von Würtzburg, (* around 1715; † October 27, 1769), baptized on July 23 or August 1715 in Mitwitz as the son of Hans Veit IV; from 1737 in the Bayreuth Infantry Regiment; from 1759 fortress commander in Würzburg; provisional commander of the Mantua fortress of the Austrian army; on May 1, 1764 appointed field marshal lieutenant; from September 1767 appointed Generalissimo of the Venetian Army; buried in Padua.
  • Ludwig von Würtzburg (born September 24, 1845 in Mergentheim; †?); from 1875 he left the military, moved to Mitwitz with his family and took care of his two castles; on January 27, 1888 he was appointed Reichsrat to succeed his uncle Philipp von Würtzburg; on November 8, 1897, the Mitwitz community made him an honorary citizen; In 1908 he was awarded the title of "Excellence"; was chairman of the Bavarian State Association of the German Fleet Association.
  • Anton Bamberger (1886–1950); Industrialist, company founder
  • Otto Bamberger (1885–1933); Entrepreneurs, art collectors and patrons
  • Karl Heinrich Bauer (* 1890 in Schwärzdorf (Mitwitz), † 1978); Surgeon and cancer researcher, race hygienist, university professor and rector in Heidelberg
  • Hermann Friedrich Rein (* 1898; † 1953), physiologist, university lecturer in Freiburg, Göttingen and Heidelberg.
  • Heinz Köhler (* 1942), District Administrator of the Kronach District, Member of the European Parliament, the Bavarian State Parliament and the German Bundestag; President of the Bavarian Red Cross; Honorary citizen of the Mitwitz market.

literature

Web links

Commons : Mitwitz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Mitwitz in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bavarian State Library
  3. ↑ a b c d Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 500 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e Federal Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 689 and 690 .
  5. ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics
  6. ↑ William Hotzelt: family history of the Barons of Würtzburg. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1931, p. 520.
  7. ↑ William Hotzelt (1931), S. 537th
  8. ↑ Philipp Clarin: The barons of Würtzburg. 2011 ( personal details ).
  9. ↑ William Hotzelt (1931), S. 589th