Rosenberg (Bohemian noble family)

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Family coat of arms of the Rosenbergs

The noble family of the Lords of Rosenberg (Czech Páni z Rožmberka , plural Rožmberkové ) came from the Witigonen family, which branched into four family lines, that of Rosenberg , that of Krumau , that of Neuhaus and that of Landstein .

In the 15th century, the Rosenbergs were the most influential noble family in Bohemia . The transfer of goods was based on the patrilineal line of succession among the Rosenbergs . With Peter Wok von Rosenberg, the Rosenbergs died out in the male line in 1611 .

history

The eponymous castle Rosenberg in Bohemia

Witiko von Prčice and Blankenberg , who was a son of Witikos von Prčice , is accepted as the progenitor of the Rosenbergs . The gender name is derived from Rosenberg Castle , which Wok von Rosenberg is said to have built after 1225. He was the first to carry the title "von Rosenberg".

After the Witigon family branch of the Lords of Krumau died out in 1302, their possessions fell to the Rosenbergs. Subsequently, Heinrich I von Rosenberg , who until then resided at Rosenberg Castle, moved his seat to Krumau Castle . For three centuries it served as the residence of the Rosenbergs, whose family members held important royal state offices. In 1484 they concluded a mutual inheritance contract with the Schwanbergers in the event of extinction.

In the 15th and 16th centuries, the Rosenbergs ruled the largest territorial complex in Bohemia. Her lands included u. a. Purschitz , Hohenfurth , Sobieslau , Lainsitz , Blankenberg , Zvíkov , Gratzen , Wittingau , Rosenberg , Strakonitz , Seltschan , Raudnitz , Bechin , Winterberg and Libeň . They held other lands in western Bohemia, Moravia and Upper Austria as well as in Silesia Silberberg and Reichenstein . They got involved in regional development, founded monasteries and villages and made a major contribution to the economic and cultural boom in Bohemia. The economic decline came when Peter Wok von Rosenberg had to sell almost two thirds of the property to settle debts around 1600 . With him, the Rosenbergs died out in 1611. He had appointed his sister's son, Johann Zrinski von Seryn , to be the heir of his Rosenberg rule ; But since he died in 1612, Rosenberg and the other possessions of Peter Wok passed to the Lords of Schwanberg in accordance with an inheritance contract from 1484 .

coat of arms

Blazon of ordinary arms of the Rosenbergs, "Argent, a goldbespitzte and -bebutze red rose . On the silver-red puffed helmet (on a leaning shield) with red-silver covers the gold-stemmed rose. "

Only the fact that the root crest of the Rosenbergs as the noblemen of Lippe is so simple in design, requires a crest kinship - but must include no actual relationship.

It was not until the first half of the 16th century, during the reign of Wilhelm von Rosenberg , that elements of the Roman Orsini's coat of arms were added: In the lower half, three oblique stripes with bears behind a shield carrier. The ancestry of the Rosenbergs from the Orsini family is not documented and belongs to the area of ​​legend. It came about because Ulrich II von Rosenberg constructed a fictitious genealogical descent from the Prince Orsini to raise the prestige of the Rosenbergs, which was confirmed by three members of this family in 1469–1481. The Styrian Knights von Rosenberg (with the same ancestral seat near Graz) - not related to the Bohemian Rosenbergs - followed this legend in 1684 - decades after the Bohemian family had died out - by using the name Orsini-Rosenberg on the occasion of their elevation to the rank of count assumptions; this sex, later raised to the prince's rank, still exists today.

Coats of arms association were agreed:

Fakes and legends

Ulrich II von Rosenberg presented several forged documents around the middle of the 14th century, which were intended to increase the Rosenbergs' prestige or to prove their claims to certain possessions. I.a. In this way the incorrect information came about that Peter I. von Rosenberg had committed a heroic deed in the Franco-English War when he captured the enemy's banner. Another forgery from the Rosenberg chancellery dates from the end of the 15th century; its author was probably the Rosenberg chancellor Václav von Rovné. It reports on an alleged quarrel between Peters von Rosenberg and the ( then nonexistent ) Duke Bolko von Troppau , which is said to have been about which of the two families is more distinguished.

According to an entry in the Bohemian country table from 1493, the Rosenberg dominion should be inherited undivided. It was only in modern times that the alleged indivisibility emerged as a forgery from Ulrich II's law firm. The land table entry from 1493 was based on a non-existent confirmation from King Charles IV , which he is said to have issued in 1360.

The state law enforced by Peter IV von Rosenberg in the Bohemian state parliament from 1497–1501 , with which the privileged position of the Rosenbergs was recognized above all other Bohemian aristocrats and the members of the state government, came about through a forgery. The state law referred to a document from 1341, in which King John of Luxembourg is said to have confirmed the highest position of the Rosenbergs among the Bohemian nobles. However, it later turned out to be a forgery by the Rosenberg chancellery.

With another forged document dated November 14, 1264, Ottokar II Přemysl is said to have placed the Goldenkron Monastery under the protection of Woks von Rosenberg and his descendants and granted him hunting rights for the monastery lands. These facts are said to have been confirmed by the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg with a document dated September 17, 1333. This document was later recognized relatively easily by historians as a forgery. The forgers obviously missed the fact that at the time of the first document from 1264, Wok had been dead for two years. Ulrich II von Rosenberg, however, used this forgery to acquire the Goldenkron monastery properties during the Hussite Wars .

The forgeries and legends were picked up again after 1594 by the Rosenberg court chronicler and archivist Václav Březan in his "Monumenta Rosenbergica" and thus spread. Since Březan wrote the Rosenberg Chronicle and other publications on the basis of the archival material available to him and he was not aware of the forgeries, these errors were also included in the German translation of the chronicle, which the Wittingau abbot Norbert Heermann entered in the second half of the 17th century German broadcast. It was edited in 1897 by Matthäus Klimesch using footnotes and printed in 1897 under the title "Norbert Heermann's Rosenberg'sche Chronik" by the publishing house of the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences in Prague.

The “Summary Excerpt” from the Rosenberg Chronicle, written by Václav Březan in 1609, also repeats the numerous errors and mistakes, as at that time he was not aware that some of the documents he used were falsified. An annotated version of the summary excerpt, in which the historical context is explained and numerous errors made by the author are corrected, was published in 2005 under the title “Rožmberské kroniky. Krátky a summovní výtah od Václava Březana ”.

Rosenberg tribe lists

Wok from Rosenberg

Wok von Rosenberg (1210–1262), fresco from the 17th century at Hohenfurth Abbey
  1. Wok von Rosenberg , also Wok I. von Rosenberg (1210–1262), builder of the Rosenburg ; was the first to call himself "von Rosenburg" ( z Rožmberka ).
    1. Heinrich I von Rosenberg († 1310)
      1. Peter I von Rosenberg (1291-1347)
        1. Heinrich II. Von Rosenberg († 1346)
        2. Peter II of Rosenberg († 1384)
        3. Jost I. von Rosenberg († 1369)
        4. Ulrich I. von Rosenberg , († 1390)
          1. Henry III. von Rosenberg (1361–1412)
            1. Peter III von Rosenberg (1381–1406)
            2. Ulrich II. Von Rosenberg (1403–1462)
              1. Heinrich IV. Von Rosenberg (1427-1457)
              2. Jost II of Rosenberg (1430–1467)
              3. Johann II. Von Rosenberg (1434–1472)
                1. Heinrich V von Rosenberg (1456–1489)
                2. Katharina / Kateřina († 1521), married to Peter Holicky von Sternberg (Petr Holický ze Šternberka)
                3. Wok II. Von Rosenberg (1459–1505)
                  1. Johann III. von Rosenberg (1484–1532)
                  2. Henry VI. von Rosenberg († 1494)
                  3. Jost III. von Rosenberg (1488–1539)
                    1. Wilhelm von Rosenberg (1535–1592)
                    2. Peter Wok von Rosenberg (1539-1611, with that the Rosenbergs in the male line die out)
                    3. Eva, married to Nikola Šubić Zrinski - her son Johann Zrinski von Seryn inherits the Rosenberg rule after the death of Peter Wok
                  4. Sidonie
                  5. Peter V. von Rosenberg (1489–1545)
                  6. Henry VII of Rosenberg (1496–1526)
                4. Peter IV von Rosenberg (1462–1523)
                5. Barbara (born June 8, 1460), married to Johann von Biberstein (Jan z Bibršteina)
                6. Margarete / Markéta (born June 8, 1460), abbess in Krumau
                7. Hedwig / Hedvika († 1520), married first to Wolf von Grafeneck (Volf z Grafeneku), second marriage to Tobias von Boskowitz and Černahora and third marriage to Gregor von Starhemberg (Řehoř ze Štaremberka)
                8. Elisabeth / Alžběta (born February 14, 1466), married to Heinrich Prüschenk von Stettenberg, Count of Hardegg (Jindřich Prüschenk z Stettenberka az Hardeka)
                9. Johanna / Johanka († 1482)
                10. Ulrich III. von Rosenberg (1471–1513)
              4. Agnes von Rosenberg († 1488)
              5. Ludmila († after 1452), was married to Boshuslav von Schwanberg (Bohuslav ze Švamberka)
              6. Perchta von Rosenberg († 1476), was married to Johann von Liechtenstein since 1449
            3. Katharina († after 1454), married to Reimprecht the Elder. J. (Reinprecht IV./III.) Von Wallsee († 1450)
        5. Daughter NN, married to Tobias Bechin von Kamenitz ( Tobiáš Bechyně z Kamenice )
        6. Mecela, († October 3, 1380) married Johann von Leuchtenberg , Count of Hals , in 1353/1354 . According to the will of 1357, she had a child with him.
        7. Anna, († December 21, 1388), married before 1357 Heinrich V von Leipa ( Jindřich V. z Lipé ; † 1363), with whom she had a daughter Elisabeth, who later married Rudolf von Walsee . Her second marriage was to Ulrich IV von Neuhaus .
          1. Agnes († after 1408), married Rudolf von Walsee
        8. Johann I von Rosenberg († 1389)
        9. Unknown daughter, married to Hermann von Pottenstein ( Heřman z Potštejna )
        10. unknown daughter, married to Tobias Bechin von Kamenitz ( Tobiáš Bechyně z Kamenice ). (However, this could be identical to his daughter Elisabeth, whom he lists in his will of 1324. )
      2. Johanna von Rosenberg ( Johanka z Rožmberka ; † February 3, 1317), was married to the highest cupbearer and burgrave Benesch von Michalowitz ( Beneš z Michalovic )
      3. Margarete von Rosenberg ( Markéta z Rožmberka ; † June 14, 1357) was married to Bavor III. von Strakonitz († 1317)
      4. Unknown daughter († ~ 1344), was married to Wok II. Von Krawarn ( Vok II. Z Kravař ; † 1327)
        1. Heinrich ( Jindřich ; † 1344)
        2. Benesch ( Beneš ), documented 1330-1375, was married to Elisabeth von Letowitz and Ronow ( Eliška z Letovic a Ronova )
        3. Johann ( Jan ), documented 1330–1340, Teutonic Knight
        4. Katharina ( Kateřina ), married to Stephan von Sternberg ( Štěpan ze Šternberka )
      5. Agnes von Rosenberg ( Anežka z Rožmberka ), was married to Berthold von Leipa ( Pertold z Lipé ; † 1347)
    2. Witiko VI. von Rosenberg († 1277)
  2. Witiko von Příběnice ( Vítek z Příběnic ; † before 1259)
  3. Daughter NN
  4. Zacharias von Prčice and Blankenberg ( not definitely proven )

Henry III. from Rosenberg

  1. Peter III von Rosenberg (1381–1406)
  2. Ulrich II von Rosenberg (1403–1462), Prague's highest burgrave
  3. Katharina (* 1405 in Wittingau ; † after April 7, 1454) married to Reinprecht the Elder. J. von Walsee- Enns († 1450). After the death of her husband, she lived on her estates in Seuseneck and Rossatz in Lower Austria .
    1. Agnes († 1470) married to Bernhard von Schaunberg
    2. Wolfgang († 1466), married to Veronika von Ortenburg
    3. Reinprecht († 1483), last Walsee, married to Margarete von Starhemberg ; after her death with Katharina von Starhemberg

Ulrich II von Rosenberg

  1. Heinrich IV. Von Rosenberg (1427-1457)
  2. Jost II of Rosenberg (1430–1467)
  3. Johann II. Von Rosenberg (1434–1472)
  4. Agnes von Rosenberg ( Anežka z Rožmberka ; † July 25, 1488), remained unmarried, lived in Wittingau and bequeathed her entire fortune to her nephew, the sons of John II.
  5. Ludmilla von Rosenberg († after 1452), married since February 1452 to Bohuslav VII. Von Schwanberg († 1490), captain of the Pilsen district , with whom she lived in Haid and to whom she gave birth to a son.
  6. Perchta von Rosenberg ("Bílá Paní" / White woman ; * 1425; † May 2, 1476 in Vienna), was married to Johann V von Liechtenstein († 1473) since 1449.

Johann II of Rosenberg

  1. Heinrich V von Rosenberg (1456–1489)
  2. Katharina von Rosenberg ( Kateřina ; * August 17, 1457; † August 20, 1521), married to Peter Holicky von Sternberg ( Petr Holický ze Šternberka ; † 1514). Both were recorded in the Chapel of St. Aegidius ( Sv. Jilja ) is buried in Wittingau.
    1. Johann von Rosenberg ( Jan z Rožmberka ; † 1548), married to Dorota Bezdružická z Kolovrat
  3. Wok II. Von Rosenberg (1459–1505)
  4. Barbara von Rosenberg (born June 8, 1460; † unknown), married to Johann von Bieberstein ( Jan z Bibršteina )
  5. Margarete von Rosenberg ( Markéta ; * June 8, 1460; † unknown), twin sister of Barbara; Abbess in the Poor Clare Monastery in Krumau.
  6. Peter IV von Rosenberg (1462–1523)
  7. Hedwig von Rosenberg ( Hedvika ; * January 20, 1464; † April 29, 1520), was married to Wolf von Grafeneck ( Volf z Grafeneku ) since 1476 . After his death in 1482 she married Tobias von Boskowitz ( Tobiáš z Boskovic na Černé Hoře ; † 1493). In 1496, she married Gregor von Starhermberg ( Řehoř ze Štarhemberka ; † 1522) in their third marriage . She spent the last years of her life at Pürnstein Castle . She was buried in the Starhemberger family grave in Hellmonsödt .
  8. Elisabeth von Rosenberg ( Alžběta ; born February 16, 1466; † unknown), married to Heinrich Prüschenk von Stettenberg Graf von Hardegg ( Jindřich z Hardeka )
  9. Johanna von Rosenberg (* August 2, 1467; † September 24, 1482)
  10. Ulrich III. von Rosenberg (1471–1513)

Wok II by Rosenberg

Wilhelm von Rosenberg (1535–1592), Chamberlain and Burgrave of Bohemia
  1. Johann III. von Rosenberg (1484–1532)
  2. Henry VI. von Rosenberg ( Jindřich VI. z Rožmberka ; * March 14, 1487; † April 16, 1494)
  3. Jost III. von Rosenberg (1488–1539)
    1. Anna von Rosenberg (born January 28, 1530, † December 16, 1580 in Neuhaus ) from her first marriage, married to Joachim von Neuhaus , who drowned in the Danube in 1565.
    2. Ferdinand Wok von Rosenberg (* April 27, 1531 - † December 27, 1531)
    3. Elisabeth von Rosenberg (born October 28 or 30, 1532 - † February 5, 1576), married to Heinrich von Schwanberg . The marriage remained childless.
    4. Ulrich IV. Von Rosenberg (born February 10, 1534 - † February 21, 1535)
    5. Peter Wok von Rosenberg (1539–1611), the last Rosenberger
      Wilhelm von Rosenberg (1535–1592)
    6. Bohunka von Rosenberg (born March 17, 1536 - † November 16, 1557 in Bischofteinitz ), married Johann IV Popel von Lobkowitz in 1556 and probably died giving birth to their son Wilhelm von Lobkowitz.
    7. Eva von Rosenberg (born April 12, 1537; † August 1591 in Mantua), was married to Nikola Šubić Zrinski since 1564 , who died in 1566 during the siege of Szigetvár . In 1578 she married the Italian Count Paul von Gassold in her second marriage.
      1. Johann Zrinski ( Jan ze Serinu ; † 1612) from the first marriage
    8. Peter Wok von Rosenberg (1539-1611)
  4. Sidonie
  5. Henry VII of Rosenberg (1496–1526)
  6. Peter V. von Rosenberg (1489–1545)

literature

Web links

Commons : Rosenberg (Adelsfamilie)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The fact that the Rosenberg line is often mixed up with the Lords of Krumlov does not correspond to the facts. It came about because the Rosenberg archivist Václav Březan mistakenly failed to distinguish between these two branches of the family.
  2. ↑ BSB Volume XXII, Pages 149–156
  3. ↑ BSB Volume 74, page 721
  4. ↑ Friedrich Hausmann , The Counts of Ortenburg and their male ancestors, the Spanheimers in Carinthia, Saxony and Bavaria, as well as their subsidiary lines , in: Ostbairische Grenzmarken , Volume 36, Passau 1994, p. 28.
  5. ↑ Vaclav Březan: O rodu starožitným a heroitským pánů ze Šternberka