Zlatá Koruna monastery
| Zlatá Koruna Abbey (Golden Crown) | |
|---|---|
 The Guardian Angel Chapel |
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| location |
 Czech Republic Bohemia
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| Coordinates: | 48 ° 51 '18.9 " N , 14 ° 22' 15.7" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
667 |
| founding year | 1263 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1785 |
| Mother monastery | Heiligenkreuz Abbey |
| Primary Abbey | Morimond Monastery |
The Zlatá Koruna (German monastery Golden Crown ) is a former Cistercian - Abbey , the 1263 under the name Heiligenkron ( Svatá Koruna was founded) and canceled 1785th The buildings are located in the town of the same name, Zlatá Koruna, in the Krumlov district in the Czech Republic . In 1995 the monastery was declared a National Cultural Monument of the Czech Republic .
history
The Goldenkron Monastery was founded in 1263 by King Přemysl Ottokar II and was settled by monks from the Lower Austrian Cistercian Monastery of Heiligenkreuz . It thus belonged to the filiation of the primary abbey of Morimond . This also expressed Ottokar's efforts to integrate the Bohemian and Babenberg countries into a new, unified state. Since the monastery property was directly adjacent to the Witigonian possessions in South Bohemia, it is assumed that Ottokar wanted to hinder the further expansion of the Witigonen with the establishment of the monastery. Ottokar donated extensive land in the Netolitz and Poletitz regions to the monastery to provide economic equipment . The monastery was initially called Heiligenkron ( Svatá Koruna ), the name Goldenkron ( Zlatá Koruna ) is first recorded in 1315.
After the fire of 1354, Michael Parler is verifiable as a master builder during the reconstruction of the monastery. Then there were long territorial disputes with neighboring secular and spiritual lords, such as the Hohenfurt Monastery . The legal dispute with the collegiate chapter of Vyšehrad about 22 villages in the Prachatice area was finally settled in 1396 by an arbitration award by King Wenceslaus. Around 1400 there was an economic deterioration, with valuable objects coming to Schlägl Abbey .
In 1420 King Sigismund pledged Goldenkron and the monastery to Ulrich II von Rosenberg , who came from the Rosenberg branch of the Witigonen. In the same year and 1429 the abbey was burned down by the Hussites . After the end of the Hussite Wars , the monks returned to the monastery in 1437. Nevertheless, Ulrich von Rosenberg was not ready to give up the pledge. It was not until 1493 that King Vladislav II gave the patronage rights over the monastery and its land to the Lords of Rosenberg, who kept it until 1602, based on forged documents from the Rosenberg chancellery . From 1622 the Lords of Eggenberg and from 1719 the Princes of Schwarzenberg exercised patronage.
Under Abbot Gottfried Bylanský, a school was set up in the monastery in 1774, which girls could also attend. Eleven years later, Emperor Joseph II abolished the Cistercian abbey as part of his Josephine reforms . Subsequently, the Schwarzenbergs acquired the monastery building, which set up a manufacturing facility in which production continued until 1909. After the Second World War, the Schwarzenbergs were expropriated in 1948 and the monastery property became state property.
Buildings and plant
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Kreuzgarten
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Cloister
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The oldest part of the monastery complex is the Church of the Assumption of Mary . The chapter house was built in 1280–1300, the refectory before 1350. In 1663 the church, several monastery buildings and the interior of the refectory were redesigned in Baroque style and from 1755–1785 the cloister was redesigned in the Rococo style.
Furnishing
The Gothic Madonna of Goldenkron , created around 1420, was returned to its original location in the Zlatá Koruna monastery on April 17, 2016.
use
After the restoration in recent years, a branch of the state scientific library as well as a memorial of the South Bohemian literature are located in the monastery buildings.
literature
- Matthias Pangerl : Document book of the former Cistercian monastery Goldenkron in Bohemia. Vienna 1872 ( e-copy ).
- Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard, Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical places . Volume Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 , pp. 165f.
- Jiří Kuthan: The medieval architecture of the Cistercians in Bohemia and Moravia. Deutscher Kunstverlag Munich / Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-422-00738-5 , pp. 222-258.
- Anna Kubíková: Rožmberské kroniky. Krátky a summovní výtah od Václava Březana . České Budějovice 2005, ISBN 80-86829-10-3 .
- Castles, pens and palaces. Regions Waldviertel, Danube Region, South Bohemia, Vysočina, South Moravia, ISBN 978-3-9502262-2-5 , p. 122 f.
- Bernard Peugniez : Le Guide Routier de l'Europe Cistercienne . Editions du Signe, Strasbourg 2012, pp. 1084f.
Web links
- Zlatá Koruna. Official Web Presentation (English, Czech).
- Golden Crown. Information and several photos on the Certosa di Firenze website.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Klášter Zlatá Koruna ÚSKP 22717 / 3-1511 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
- ↑ Pangerl 1872, pp. 307–309, certificate CXXV: 1396, October 21, Karlstein. King Wenzel IV, chosen arbitrator for the complete settlement of the dispute between the Wyschehrader Capitel and the Goldenkron Monastery, gives the requested arbitration award .
- ↑ The return of the beautiful Mother of God. After almost 80 years, the "Madonna of Goldenkron" can be seen again in Zláta Koruna. In: pragerzeitung.cz of April 17, 2016 (German).