Tobias von Boskowitz and Černahora

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Tobias von Boskowitz and Černahora (Czech Tobiáš or Dobeš z Boskovic na Černé hoře , also Tobiáš / Dobeš Černohorský z Boskovic ; * 15th century; † 1493 ) was a Moravian nobleman. He came from the noble family of the Lords of Boskowitz and was a member of the Moravian gentry and captain of the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus and Emperor Frederick III.

Life

Tobias von Boskowitz and Černahora, who was mostly called Dabis , Dobesch , Dobiasch , Dobusch , Tobesch , Tobiasch or Tobusch after his corrupted first name in the Habsburg hereditary lands , distinguished himself above all in the wars between Matthias Corvinus and Friedrich III. out. He is considered to be one of the “most capable military leaders” of the Hungarian king, in whose name he occupied the cities of Mautern on the Danube and Sankt Pölten in 1481 .

In April 1483 he succeeded in conquering Klosterneuburg , whereupon Friedrich III. Left Vienna and retired to the safer Wiener Neustadt . In May 1484, von Boskowitz and Černahora suffered severe burns during a storm attempt at the siege of Korneuburg , but were able to take part in the battle of Leitzersdorf shortly afterwards . Here he proved his skill as a troop leader and knew how to turn the Hungarian defeat, which had already seemed certain, into a victory. The troops he led also played a decisive role in the systematic zoning of Vienna from the end of 1483 , which finally led to the fall of the city in June 1485.

However, the career of Tobias von Boskowitz and Černahora ended abruptly after a missile hit the Hungarian king's quarters during the siege of Kaiserebersdorf on the night of March 18, 1485, and only narrowly missed it. King Matthias suspected treason and the suspicion fell on Tobias' brother Jaroslav von Boskowitz and Černahora, the king's secretary. When Jaroslav was publicly beheaded on December 10, 1485 on the Hoher Markt in Vienna, Tobias changed sides and entered the service of Frederick III. As an imperial field captain in Austria under the Enns , as Lower Austria was called at that time, he was of great help to the Habsburgs in regaining their hereditary lands after the death of the Hungarian king, because "he was known to many Hungarian soldiers and enjoyed quite a reputation" . He particularly distinguished himself in 1490 during the reconquest of Sankt Pölten.

Tobias von Boskowitz and Černahora had been married to Hedwig von Rosenberg (1464–1520), a daughter of Johann II von Rosenberg and Anna von Glogau , since 1482 . The daughters Anna, Bohunka and Johanka came from the marriage.

literature

  • Josef Borus: Aspects of the Central European Army at the end of the 15th century. In: Andreas Baumkircher - heirs and successors. Symposium as part of the "Schlaininger Talks" from 20.-24. September 1989 at Burg Schlaining (= Scientific papers from Burgenland . Issue 88). Eisenstadt 1992, pp. 285-299, ISBN 3-85405-119-0 , PDF on ZOBODAT
  • Karl Gutkas: Friedrich III. and Matthias Corvinus (= Wissenschaftliche Schriftenreihe Niederösterreich. Issue 65). Verlag Niederösterreichisches Pressehaus, 1st edition, St. Pölten – Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-85326-549-9 .
  • Jörg K. Hoensch: Matthias Corvinus. Diplomat, general and patron. Verlag Styria, Graz / Cologne / Vienna 1998, ISBN 3-222-12640-2 .
  • Gyula Rázsó: The campaigns of King Matthias Corvinus in Lower Austria 1477–1490 (= military historical series. Issue 24). Österreichischer Bundesverlag Ges.mbH, 3rd edition, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-215-01666-4 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ Rászó (1982), p. 19 and - identical - Hoensch (1998), p. 192.
  2. ↑ See Rászó (1982), p. 16, and Borus (1992), p. 295f.
  3. ↑ Gutkas (1982), p. 28.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Boskowitz and Černahora, Tobias von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Moravian nobleman; Field captain in Hungarian and Habsburg service
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
DATE OF DEATH 1493