Klosterneuburg

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Borough
Klosterneuburg
coat of arms Austria map
Coat of arms of Klosterneuburg
Klosterneuburg (Austria)
Klosterneuburg
Basic data
Country: Austria
State : Lower Austria
Political District : Tulln
License plate : KG (since 04/2020,
until 2016: WU, 2017 - 03/2020: TU)
Surface: 76.2 km²
Coordinates : 48 ° 18 ′  N , 16 ° 20 ′  E Coordinates: 48 ° 18 ′ 18 ″  N , 16 ° 19 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 192  m above sea level A.
Residents : 27,500 (January 1, 2020)
Postcodes : 3400 (all localities),
3420 Kritzendorf (partly),
3421 Höflein an der Donau
Area code : 02243
Community code : 3 21 44
Address of the
municipal administration:
Rathausplatz 1
3400 Klosterneuburg
Website: www.klosterneuburg.at
politics
Mayor : Stefan Schmuckenschlager ( ÖVP )
Municipal Council : ( 2020 )
(41 members)
18th
9
4th
4th
3
2
1
18th 4th 4th 
A total of 41 seats
Location of Klosterneuburg in the Tulln district
Absdorf Atzenbrugg Fels am Wagram Grafenwörth Großriedenthal Großweikersdorf Judenau-Baumgarten Kirchberg am Wagram Klosterneuburg Königsbrunn am Wagram Königstetten Langenrohr Michelhausen Muckendorf-Wipfing Sieghartskirchen Sitzenberg-Reidling St. Andrä-Wördern Tulbing Tulln an der Donau Würmla Zeiselmauer-Wolfpassing Zwentendorf an der DonauLocation of the municipality of Klosterneuburg in the Tulln district (clickable map)
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Austria / maintenance / site plan image map
View of Klosterneuburg
View of Klosterneuburg
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Klosterneuburg is the third largest city in Lower Austria with 27,500 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) . Located between the Danube and the Vienna Woods , the city belongs to the Tulln district as part of the Vienna area . The place is known for the Klosterneuburg monastery of the same name .

geography

Klosterneuburg is located on the right bank of the Danube , which flows here in a right curve initially to the east and later to the south, and immediately north of Vienna , from which it is separated by the Kahlenberg and the Leopoldsberg . It has been separated from the sister city of Korneuburg on the left bank by the Danube since the late Middle Ages . Part of the community area is protected as the Eichenhain Nature Park . The highest point in the city is the Exelberg at 516  m above sea level. A. , the lowest point Schüttau with 161  m . In the east, the course of the Danube is also part of the municipal area, as the municipal boundary runs on the left bank of the river. Furthermore - due to the regulation of the Danube - small strips on the left bank and a northernmost part of the Danube Island including the inlet structure lie within the municipal boundaries.

Community structure

The municipal area comprises seven localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):

The community consists of seven cadastral communities (area as of December 31, 2019):

history

Neolithic

The earliest traces of human settlement in Klosterneuburg go back to the Neolithic .

Antiquity

A first continuity of settlement did not develop until the middle of the first century AD with the establishment of a Roman military camp for auxiliary troops , the westernmost of the province of Pannonia . Numerous archaeological excavations bear witness to the life of the Romans and the settlement of the place up to the 5th century; For the name of this fort several theories have been developed in the past, according to the most recent findings this was "Arrianis".

middle Ages

After the final conquest of the Avar Empire by the Frankish Emperor Charlemagne , a mansion with a St. Martin's Church was built in Omundesdorf in the Bavarian East , which could possibly be today's Klosterneuburg. A demonstrable settlement of the high plateau did not begin again until the 11th century.

The oldest surviving written mention as "Nivvenburc" (Neuchâtel) comes from 1108. It can be found in the tradition book of Klosterneuburg Abbey.

The city gained great importance around 1113, when Margrave Leopold III . created a handsome residential town here. Leopold III, who with Agnes , daughter of Emperor Heinrich IV . was married, built his new residence on the outskirts of the Upper City, which corresponded in layout and extent to the status of the imperial prince . In 1114 Leopold III. solemnly lay the foundation stone for a new monumental collegiate church . The church was originally a college for secular canons and was only converted into an Augustinian canon monastery in 1133 . At that time, Neuburg already got the extent that it maintained for centuries. The Danube was a great threat to the residents of this settlement, but it was also their lifeblood, as a large part of the goods were transported by water. The frequent floods pushed the residents across the Danube more and more inland, so that at the beginning of the 13th century the two districts of Neuburg klosterhalben (Klosterneuburg) and Neuburg markthalben (Korneuburg) had diverged. This natural division brought great difficulties for the residents, which Albrecht I. , Who had a new castle built as his residence in Neuburg in 1288, did not remain hidden. In 1298 Albrecht I separated the two halves of the city and granted Neuburg a new town charter, which was actually the older core of the settlement .

The poorly defended and therefore difficult to defend Lower City (today's town square and Martinsviertel) had to be repeatedly exposed to enemy sieges . It was looted and destroyed several times while the population fell under the protection of the heavily fortified Upper City. This was particularly the case during the Turkish sieges of 1529 and 1683. The fact that the city was able to hold out to the end in 1683 despite its weak strength and thus formed an important flank protection when the allied Christian armies marched to relieve Vienna, was primarily thanks to two canons and the strong solidarity between the monastery and the city.

Modern times

"Klosterneuburg." Egon Schiele (1907)

In 1763 Wilhelm Rudolph Freiherr von Ripke founded the Klosterneuburg shipyard , which was the very first Austrian shipyard. In the 18th century, Emperor Charles VI wanted . the Klosterneuburg to an Austrian Escorial d. H. to convert to a stately monastery residence. After the death of Charles VI. However, the project came to a standstill and was processed more and more slowly in the following decades until it was no longer continued in 1842. Only one of a total of four planned inner courtyards and only two of nine domes were completed. The latter can be seen from afar and present the imperial crown and the Austrian archducal hat , which symbolize the rulership titles of the House of Habsburg .

In 1805 and 1809 the city was occupied by French troops, on December 20, 1805 Napoleon I stayed briefly in Klosterneuburg Abbey.

In the middle of the 19th century Klosterneuburg was still a self-contained wine-growing town with almost 5,000 inhabitants. With the expansion of the transport links to Vienna, many Viennese officials and workers chose Klosterneuburg as their new home. From 1908 to 1919, the electric trolleybuses of the municipality of Weidling , one of the first trolleybuses in Austria, ran between Klosterneuburg-Weidling station and Weidling. In the 1930s Klosterneuburg already had over 15,000 inhabitants.

In 1924 there was a street fight between National Socialist provocateurs and Social Democratic workers, who organized a sports festival in which shots were fired.

time of the nationalsocialism

With the “ Anschluss ” to the German Reich in 1938, not only did Austria lose its independence, Klosterneuburg also lost its independence. The city was incorporated into Greater Vienna on October 15, 1938 and formed the 26th district of Vienna with the places Gugging , Kierling , Höflein an der Donau , Kritzendorf , Weidling and Weidlingbach .

Second republic

In July 1946, the National Council decided to relocate Klosterneuburg and 79 other  municipalities to Lower Austria . The Allied Council refused to approve this law for years, so that the reorganization could only be completed on September 1, 1954. The entire area of ​​the formerly independent municipalities of Gugging, Kierling, Höflein, Kritzendorf, Weidling and Weidlingbach, which had been independent before October 15, 1938, were incorporated into the re-established municipality of Klosterneuburg. This made Klosterneuburg the third largest city in Lower Austria (today).

With the reorganization, Klosterneuburg became part of the Vienna-Umgebung district (WU), from 1991 until its dissolution on December 31, 2016, it was the seat of the district administration .

The plan to dissolve the WU district became known in September 2015. Klosterneuburg has been part of the Tulln district since January 1, 2017 , as was the case until 1938. However, since this was controversial, other options, such as obtaining a separate city ​​statute or incorporation into Vienna, were discussed as further options. On July 1, 2016, the local council decided to integrate it into the Tulln district, on condition that Klosterneuburg has its own branch of the district administration. This branch has been located in the building of the former district administration in Leopoldstrasse since January 1st, 2017.

Requested by a municipal council resolution of December 2017, approved by the Ministry of Transport in December 2019, new vehicle registrations have been assigned the new license plate "KG" for K losterneubur g since April 2020 , previous ones (WU and TU) upon request. The introduction is justified with the simplification of the monitoring for parking space management with privileges for community residents.

population

Population development

After St. Pölten and Wiener Neustadt , Klosterneuburg is the third largest city in Lower Austria . Klosterneuburg is in sixteenth place in the list of cities in Austria in 2016.

Population structure

The 15 to 60 year olds form the largest group of the population in Klosterneuburg with 58.6%. There are 25.7% over 60 and 15.7% under 15 year olds. Klosterneuburg is thus close to the Austrian average. Klosterneuburg's share of women of 58.2% is 6.8% higher than the Austrian average.

Origin and language

The proportion of Klosterneuburg residents with foreign citizenship was 8.4% in 2001. 2.6% of these were from the EU 15 and the rest from other countries. These come from:

  • Serbia and Montenegro 1.7%
  • Germany 1.4%
  • Turkey 0.5%
  • Bosnia-Herzegovina 0.4%
  • Croatia 0.2%
  • other EU (15) citizens 1.2%
  • other foreigners 3.0%

religion

At 66.4%, the Roman Catholic denomination is the most strongly represented religious community in Klosterneuburg. There are eight Roman Catholic parishes in the city that make up the Klosterneuburg deanery . People without religious belief take second place with 17.2%. There are 7.6% of the population of Protestant faith. In addition, 1.9% each of Orthodox and Islamic faith. The smallest religious group is Klosterneuburg's Israelite faith with 0.2%. 4.9% are followers of other or unknown faiths.

Culture and sights

Imperial wing of the monastery and on the left the city wall with the Sattlerturm
Essl Museum
Staufer stele on Hohenstaufenplatz

Auradau Festival (2008, 2009)

The two-day festival started on August 8, 2008 in Aupark Klosterneuburg. It was brought into being by the municipality of Klosterneuburg. The Auradau took place two years in a row. The headliners of the first Auradau Festival were Krautschädl , Ja, Panik , Rentokill and Milk + . The second Auradau Festival took place on July 3, 2009 in the electricity construction office in Greifenstein . Here the headliners were No Head on My Shoulders and Bankrupt. A third Auradau Festival was being planned, but was not carried out due to a lack of interest and sponsors.

Culinary

Klosterneuburg has also been a well-known center of wine growing since ancient times . This is also pointed out by many wine taverns ( Heuriger ) in the vicinity of the place, a type of ostrich economy .

Economy and Infrastructure

  • 670 commercial, commercial and industrial companies, of which
    • 600 small businesses (1–3 employees)
    • 60 medium-sized companies (max. 10 employees)
    • 10 companies each with over 50 employees
  • 149 farms
  • 39 wine taverns

Employment level: 620 self-employed. 12,600 employees.

Federal Environment Agency

On October 24, 2017, Environment Minister Andrä Rupprechter , Governor Johanna Mikl-Leitner and the Mayor of Klosterneuburg, Stefan Schmuckenschlager, signed a declaration of principle according to which the Federal Environment Agency with around 520 employees is to be relocated to Klosterneuburg. The move should cost 46.5 million euros.

tourism

  • 10 commercial accommodation establishments: 336 beds
  • 27 private accommodation providers: 165 beds
  • Youth hostel: 60 beds
  • Campsite: 140 spaces, 50 tent spaces
  • two weekend house settlements in Klosterneuburg, namely the wetlands and lido, in Kritzendorf the settlements of wetlands and Kritzendorf-Strombadsiedlung

traffic

Klosterneuburg can be reached by car from Vienna via Klosterneuburger Straße B 14. ÖBB trains and buses also run regularly between Klosterneuburg and the federal capital Vienna .

The rapid transit line S40 runs at 30-minute intervals, during peak times at 15-minute intervals, in the direction of Tulln on the Danube and on to St. Pölten and Vienna Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof , the stops are Klosterneuburg-Weidling, Klosterneuburg -Kierling, Unter Kritzendorf, Kritzendorf and Höflein an der Donau. Klosterneuburg can also be reached quickly by bike on the Danube cycle path on the north and south banks. In addition, people and vehicles up to 10.5 m in length have the option of taking a taxi ferry from Korneuburg (Tuttendörfl) to the right bank from the northeast bank of the Danube ( Danube bank motorway ) to Klosterneuburg. The next bridges are about 15 km upstream at Tulln and 8 km downstream in Vienna with the north bridge (Danube bank motorway A 22) with accompanying Steinitz footbridge (for pedestrian and bicycle traffic). A railway tunnel crossing the Danube, designed around 1900, was not realized.

education

Lower level

  • 6 elementary schools
  • 3 New Middle School (NMS)
  • 3 private schools
  • 1 polytechnic school
  • 1 General Special School / Special Education Center

Upper school

Main building of the higher federal college and federal office for viticulture and fruit growing

University institutions

safety

police

With the dissolution of the Vienna-Umgebung District, the Vienna-Environment District Police Department based in Klosterneuburg was dissolved. A police station , responsible for the municipality, is still established in the city.

health

Sports

  • Pro tennis college
  • Mosquitos - Ultimate Frisbee
  • BK Dukes Klosterneuburg - Basketball Bundesliga
  • Basket Dukes - youth basketball
  • Conveen Sitting Bulls - wheelchair basketball
  • FC Klosterneuburg - football
  • 1. USC Klosterneuburg - water polo
  • OK gittis Klosterneuburg - orienteering
  • Tri Klosterneuburg EKTC - Triathlon
  • Normans Klosterneuburg - rowing
  • ULC Klosterneuburg Road Runners - Running
  • NF-Höflein - paddling
  • 1. Klosterneuburg tennis club - tennis
  • ASV Klosterneuburg table tennis - table tennis
  • ÖTK-Klosterneuburg - climbing a. a. m.
  • Klosterneuburg Broncos - American Football

politics

The municipal council has 41 members. After the municipal council elections, the municipal council had the following distribution:

  • 1990: 20 ÖVP, 12 SPÖ, 4 BGU Greens, 3 FPÖ and 2 others.
  • 1995: 20 ÖVP, 9 SPÖ, 4 FPÖ, 4 BGU Greens, 2 LIF and 2 BGF Citizens' Forum Klosterneuburg.
  • 2000: 22 ÖVP, 9 SPÖ, 5 FPÖ, 4 BGU Greens and 1 LIF.
  • 2005 : 20 ÖVP, 11 SPÖ, 5 Greens, 2 FPÖ, 2 PUK platform Unser Klosterneuburg and 1 MIK mothers' initiative Klosterneuburg.
  • 2010 : 24 ÖVP, 6 SPÖ, 5 Greens, 2 FPÖ, 2 PUK platform Unser Klosterneuburg, 1 LPH list Peter Hofbauer and 1 SAU – socially active independent.
  • 2015 : 20 ÖVP, 6 Greens, 5 SPÖ, 4 FPÖ, 3 PUK platform Unser Klosterneuburg, 2 NEOS and 1 LPH list Peter Hofbauer.

After the 2020 municipal council elections , the municipal council has the following distribution:

18 ÖVP, 9 Greens, 4 SPÖ, 4 PUK platform Unser Klosterneuburg, 3 NEOS, 2 FPÖ and 1 LPH list Peter Hofbauer.
mayor

Town twinning

Personalities

Memorial plaque for Vinzenz Goller
Painting by Nikolaus Lenau

Designations

Named after the city:

photos

Historical map (around 1888)

literature

  • Christian Hlavac: The gardener's contract. About the "lustgarttner" from Claude-Lamoral Prince de Ligne in Klosterneuburg. In: The garden art .  23 (2/2011), pp. 205-214.
  • Floridus Röhrig, Gustav Otruba, Michael Duscher: Klosterneuburg. History and culture. Edited by the municipality of Klosterneuburg. Vol. 1-2. Mayer, Klosterneuburg:
  • Floridus Röhrig: Klosterneuburg. In: Viennese history books. Vol. 11. Paul Zsolnay Verlag, Vienna / Hamburg 1972, ZDB -ID 844968-5 .
  • Floridus Röhrig: Klosterneuburg Abbey and its art treasures. Mayer, Vienna / Klosterneuburg 1994, ISBN 3-901025-33-2 .

Web links

Commons : Klosterneuburg  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
  2. Regionalinformation , bev.gv.at (1,094 kB); accessed on January 10, 2020.
  3. "Roman camp Arrianis - The Limes in Klosterneuburg." Annual exhibition of the Klosterneuburg Monastery 2018, "The Augustinian Canon Monastery of Klosterneuburg rises on the site of the former Arrianis Roman camp, which was part of the Danube Limes." In: stift-klosterneuburg.at, accessed on September 21, 2018.
  4. Hans Krawarik: “The history of settlements in Austria: the beginnings of settlements, types of settlements, genesis of settlements” (Geography; Volume 19), Lit Verlag, Vienna / Berlin / Münster 2006, ISBN 3-8258-9040-6 , p. 126 f.
  5. Armin A. Wallas (Ed.): “ Eugen Hoeflich . Diaries 1915 to 1927 ”. Vienna: Böhlau, 1999 ISBN 3-205-99137-0 , p. 507. There “press reports”.
  6. Martin Gruber-Dorninger, Christoph Hornstein, Andreas Fussi, Martin Gebhart: “The Vienna area is dissolved.” In: NÖN.at , September 10, 2015, accessed on September 19, 2018.
  7. Martin Gruber-Dorninger: “Statutarstadt: What is self-administration worth?” In: noen.at, September 22, 2015, accessed on September 19, 2018.
  8. Gudrun Springer: "Klosterneuburg: Debate about integration as the 24th district of Vienna." In: derstandard.at , June 20, 2014, accessed on September 19, 2018.
  9. Thomas Puchinger: "Klosterneuburg from 2017 fixed in the Tulln district." In: noe.orf.at, July 2, 2016, accessed on September 19, 2018.
  10. ^ District resolution Vienna-environment. The administrative district Vienna-Umgebung was dissolved on December 31 , 2016 ( Memento from January 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
  11. "Traffic: Klosterneuburg receives its own license plate" orf.at, December 9, 2019, accessed on December 10, 2019.
  12. ^ "Klosterneuburg 2009. Inscriptions of the 8th Staufer Stele" (with further information and photographs). In: stauferstelen.net, accessed on March 23, 2014.
  13. Barbara Vitovec: “Report on the first Auradau Festival in Klosterneuburg.” In: klosterneuburg1.at, August 14, 2008, accessed on September 19, 2018.
  14. ^ "Federal Environment Agency moved to Klosterneuburg, Vienna sauer." In: Kurier , October 24, 2017, accessed on October 25, 2017.
  15. In mid-1899 the Ministry of Railways approved the engineer Carl Paulitschky “technical preparatory work for a normal, possibly narrow-gauge, electric or steam-powered, low-order railway from Klosterneuburg by means of a tunnel crossing the Danube bed to Korneuburg”. Volkswirthschaftliche Zeitung. [A tunnel from Klosterneuburg to Korneuburg]. In:  Das Vaterland , June 8, 1899, p. 6 (online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / possibly
  16. ^ Result of the local council election 1995 in Klosterneuburg. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 30, 2000, accessed on January 28, 2020 .
  17. ^ Election result of the 2000 municipal council election in Klosterneuburg. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, February 4, 2005, accessed on January 28, 2020 .
  18. ^ Election result of the 2005 municipal council election in Klosterneuburg. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 4, 2005, accessed on January 28, 2020 .
  19. ^ Election result of the municipal council election 2010 in Klosterneuburg. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, October 8, 2010, accessed on January 28, 2020 .
  20. Results of the 2015 municipal council elections in Klosterneuburg. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, December 1, 2015, accessed on January 28, 2020 .
  21. Results of the 2020 municipal council elections in Klosterneuburg. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, January 26, 2020, accessed on January 28, 2020 .
  22. "Dr. Gottfried Schuh ” (short biography). In: kultur-klosterneuburg.at, Klosterneuburger Kultur-Gesellschaft, accessed on June 27, 2016.
  23. See Answer Lang: “The camp commanders of Theresienstadt. Austrian Nazi perpetrators. ”Seminar paper, University of Vienna, Faculty of Historical and Cultural Studies, Institute for History, 2001 ( textfeld.ac.at, therein link to PDF; 519 kB).
  24. Cornelia Grobner: “The forgotten female artists. Or: remembering for advanced users. ” In: mein district.at, September 20, 2017, accessed on September 19, 2018 ( “ Portrait photography [Fig. 6]. ” ).