Potštejn
| Potštejn | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Královéhradecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Rychnov nad Kněžnou | ||||
| Area : | 905 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 5 ' N , 16 ° 19' E | ||||
| Height: | 315 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 988 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 517 43 | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Rychnov nad Kněžnou - Ústí nad Orlicí | ||||
| Railway connection: | Chlumec nad Cidlinou – Międzylesie | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 2 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Petr Dostál (as of 2007) | ||||
| Address: | Lázeňská 93 517 43 Potštejn |
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| Municipality number: | 576671 | ||||
| Website : | www.potstejn.cz | ||||
Potštejn (Czech until 1924: Potštýn nad Orlicí , German Pottenstein ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located twelve kilometers southwest of Rychnov nad Kněžnou . It belongs to the Okres Rychnov nad Kněžnou .
geography
Potštejn is located in the Wild Eagle Valley in the foothills of the Eagle Mountains . Neighboring towns are Merklovice ( Merklowitz ) in the north, Rybná nad Zdobnici, Záchlumí and Litice in the northeast, Brná and Česka Rybná ( Bohemian Rybna ) in the east, Sopotnice ( Sopotnitz ) in the southeast, Polom in the south, Proruby ( Prorub ) in the southwest and Zaměl Doudleby ( Doudleb ) in the northwest. National road no.14 runs through Potštejn.
history
Pottenstein Castle was first mentioned in 1287; at that time it belonged to Botho von Bothenstein ( Půta z Potštejna ). After Protzek ( Procek ) von Pottenstein was killed in battle in 1309 by Peregrin Puš, a Prague patrician who at that time owned the neighboring Lititz Castle , Protzek's son Nikolaus ( Mikuláš ) took revenge in Prague with an assassination of Peregrin Puš. Nikolaus and his helper Ulrich von Brandeis ( Oldřich z Brandýsa ) were sentenced to a pilgrimage and to public repentance as well as to the payment of a heavy fine. Since Nikolaus von Pottenstein was a feared robber journeyman, the then Moravian Margrave Karl besieged the castle in 1339, which was conquered and destroyed after nine weeks, with Nikolaus supposedly perishing in the rubble. After Charles became King of Bohemia, he had the castle renewed from 1355-1359.
During this time, the market town of the same name, located about two kilometers below the castle, was first mentioned. In 1427 Puta d. J. von Častolowitz Pottenstein, which was conquered by the Hussites in 1432 . After Puta's death in 1434, his widow Anna von Kolditz administered the property and sold it in 1440 to her future husband Hynek Kruschina von Lichtenburg . His son Wilhelm Kruschina sold the inherited property to Georg von Podiebrad in 1454 . He and his sons, the Dukes of Münsterberg , used Pottenstein Castle as their seat at times.
In 1497 the rule of Pottenstein, which also included the market town of Adlerkosteletz and 13 other settlements, passed into the possession of Wilhelm II of Pernstein , who also owned the neighboring Litice Castle . He had the castle expanded in the Renaissance style and moved his seat there. This made Pottenstein the center of the East Bohemian Pernstein possessions. In 1556 Jaroslav von Pernstein sold the Pottenstein estate to the Glatzer pawnman Ernst von Bayern . The subsequent frequent changes of ownership had a negative effect. The castle was left to decay and was designated a ruin in 1673. It was not rebuilt.
From 1746 Pottenstein belonged to Count Johann Ludwig Harbuval de Chamaré, who emigrated from there after the Prussian capture of Silesia in 1742. He made great contributions to the economic development of Pottenstein. After he had settled Weber, he set up a weaving and spinning school as well as canvas bleaching in 1755. A silk factory was added later. The castle built by him between 1749 and 1755 also served as the seat of the manorial administration. His son Jean-Antoine Harbuval de Chamaré continued the work of his father. He also spent almost forty years (1747–1785) in an unsuccessful search for a treasure that should be buried in the ruins of the castle. The excavations caused considerable damage to the structure that was still preserved, but only revealed a few remains of weapons and tools. The writer Alois Jirásek created a literary monument for the count in his work Poklad . Director Zdeněk Troška filmed the material in 1984 under the title Poklad hraběte Chamaré (The Treasure of Count Chamaré).
Since the middle of the 19th century, the rule belonged to the Counts Dobrženský von Dobrženitz ( Dobřenský z Dobřenic ). Before the First World War , they made the castle into a cultural center, which was visited by Rainer Maria Rilke and Karl Kraus , among others . In 1945 the Dobřenský were expropriated from Dobřenitz.
Due to its picturesque location, Pottenstein and its surroundings are a popular excursion destination.
Community structure
The municipality of Potštejn includes the district of Brná, located 1.5 km to the southeast.
Attractions
- The St. Laurentius Church ( Kostel sv. Vavřince ) was built in 1815-1821.
- Castle with castle park
- Castle ruins
- The Modlivý důl forest to the south of the town served as a secret meeting place for the Bohemian Brothers during the period of secret Protestantism , which is now a memorial stone. It has been a protected nature reserve on 6.45 hectares since 1956.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Jan Urban: Lichtenburkové. Vzestupy a pády jednoho panského rodu (= Lechtické rody ech, Moravy a Slezska. 2). Nakladatelství Lidové Noviny, Prague 2003, ISBN 80-7106-579-X , p. 207.
- ↑ Ondřej Felcman: "Český koutek" v Kladském Hrabství - Yeho české Koreny a následné vztahy k českému sousedství. In: Český koutek v Kladsku , Kladský sborník Supplementum. Univerzita Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 2008, ISBN 978-80-903509-8-4 , pp. 23–34, here p. 28, note 12.
- ↑ Michaela Košťálová: Céka ještě potštejnský poklad? In: Geografický magazín Koktejl, 2008.
- ↑ www.csfd.cz
literature
- Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard, Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical places . Volume: Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 .
- Alois Jirásek : Poklad. historický obraz z minulého století. Libuše, Praha 1885, (historical novel about the Potštejn reign in the time of Count Jean-Antoine Harbuval de Chamaré; online ).
- Hans-Ulrich Engel: Castles and palaces in Bohemia. Based on old templates (= castles, palaces, mansions. 17). 2nd Edition. Weidlich, Frankfurt am Main 1978, ISBN 3-8035-8013-7 , pp. 70–73, illustration on p. 195.
