Opočno

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Opočno
Coat of arms of Opočno
Opočno (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Historical part of the country : Bohemia
Region : Královéhradecký kraj
District : Rychnov nad Kněžnou
Area : 1401 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 16 '  N , 16 ° 7'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 16 '11 "  N , 16 ° 6' 38"  E
Height: 292  m nm
Residents : 3,136 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 010 92, 517 73
License plate : H
traffic
Street: Třebechovice pod Orebem - Dobruška
Bohuslavice - Týniště nad Orlicí
Railway connection: Choceň – Meziměstí
Opočno pod Orlickými horami – Dobruška
structure
Status: city
Districts: 3
administration
Mayor : Šárka Škrabalová (as of 2017)
Address: Kupkovo nám. 247
517 73 Opočno
Municipality number: 576590
Website : www.opocno.cz

Opočno (formerly Opočen ; German Opotschno even Opotschen ) is a city in Eastern Bohemia . It is located 21 kilometers northeast of Hradec Králové (German Königgrätz ) and belongs to the district of Rychnov nad Kněžnou in the Königgrätz region .

geography

Opočno is on the right side of the Zlatý potok or Opočenský náhon , a tributary of the Dědina , on the Opočenský hřbet ( Opotschner ridge ). The Broumar ( Braumar ) pond is on the eastern edge of the city . The Velká Hvězda (355 m nm) rises to the south. State roads II / 298 between Třebechovice pod Orebem and Dobruška and II / 304 between Bohuslavice and Týniště nad Orlicí cross in Opočno . The Choceň – Meziměstí railway line runs west of the city, and the Opočno pod Orlickými horami – Dobruška railway line runs north .

Neighboring towns are Pohoří and Puličky in the north, Pulice, Poříčí and Dobruška in the Northeast, Zárybnice, Mělčany and Semechnice the east, Trnov , Kruhovka and Zádolí the southeast, Malé Záhornice, Záhornice, Přepychy and Dobříkovec in the south, Čánka and Mokré in the southwest, Lhotka , V Lípách and Vodětín in the west and Podzámčí, Ostrov and České Meziříčí in the northwest.

history

Opočno was first mentioned in the Chronicle of Cosmas of Prague for the year 1068 with a Přemyslid castle, which was on the strategically important route to Glatz . After the collapse of the royal castle and defense system, it served as a mansion from the beginning of the 14th century. From 1359 Opočno had market and town rights. At that time it belonged to the noble family Častolowitz . Puta d. J. von Častolowitz sold the Opočno estate to Johann Kruschina von Lichtenburg in 1400 . After his death in 1407, his sons Hynek , Alexander († after 1422) and Johann († 1434) inherited the estates. The eldest brother Hynek Opočno had to sell around 1414, presumably because of indebtedness caused by the armed conflict over the Albrechtice rule . This year he used the name of Lichtenburg auf Opočno for the last time .

During the Hussite Wars , Opočno was conquered in 1425 under Johann Městecký of Opočno .

Since 1495 the Opočno manor belonged to the Trčka von Lípa , who acquired extensive estates in the 16th century, including the Frymburk manor , and from 1562 belonged to the lordship . Based on the Italian model, Wilhelm Trčka von Lípa built a three-winged castle on the site of the old castle in 1560–1569. After the death of Christoph Jaroslav Trčka von Lípa in 1601, Opočno came to his cousin Jan Rudolf Trčka von Lípa , who was married to Maria Magdalena, née Popel von Lobkowitz († 1633). Although both initially continued to profess the Protestant faith, their properties were not confiscated after the Battle of White Mountain . While Johann Rudolf converted to Catholicism in 1628 and was admitted to the count status in the same year, his wife was allowed to remain Protestant until the end of her life. Because of the rigid recatholicization pursued by Johann Rudolf, peasant unrest ensued in the Opočno domain. After Adam Erdmann Trčka von Lípa was murdered in Eger in 1634 and his father Jan Rudolf died in the same year, the Opočno estate was confiscated by the emperor in 1636. It fell to the Counts Colloredo- Wallsee and in 1775 to the Colloredo-Mansfeld, who held important positions in the Austrian monarchy. They developed a rich construction activity in Opočno.

Opočno gained political importance in 1813 when negotiations between Tsar Alexander I of Russia, the Austrian Chancellor Metternich , the Prussian State Chancellor Hardenberg and at times also King Friedrich Wilhelm III at the castle there . took place, with which an anti-Napoleonic alliance was reached.

City structure

The city of Opočno consists of the districts Čánka ( Tschanka ), Dobříkovec ( Dobschikowetz ) and Opočno ( Opotschno ). Basic settlement units are Čánka, Dobříkovec, Opočno and Podzámčí ( Podsamek ). Opočno also includes the settlements Broumar, Švamberk, Vodětín and Zárybnice.

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Čánka and Opočno pod Orlickými horami.

Attractions

Opočno Castle
former town house in Opočno
Aerial view of the castle and city
  • Opočno Castle
  • The Castle Church of the Holy Trinity, which was built together with the Renaissance castle, was rebuilt in 1716 according to plans by Giovanni Battista Alliprandi . The Trčka crypt is located in it.
  • The Capuchin monastery on the market square with the Church of the Nativity of Christ , the cloister and the Way of the Cross was built between 1676 and 1678 under Count Ludwig von Colloredo-Wallsee according to plans by Bernardo Minelli.
  • The family crypt of the Colloredo family is located in the St. Marien cemetery church , which was built in 1569 and renovated in 1810.

sons and daughters of the town

literature

Web links

Commons : Opočno  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/576590/Opocno
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ↑ Antonín Profous : Místní jména v Čechách - Vznik jejich, původní význam a změny .
  4. ↑ Jan Urban: Lichtenburkové. Vzestupy a pády jednoho panského rodu (= Lechtické rody ech, Moravy a Slezska. 2). Nakladatelství Lidové Noviny, Prague 2003, ISBN 80-7106-579-X , p. 248.
  5. ↑ Jaroslav Šůla: Dva kšafty Jana Rudolfa Trčky z Lípy. In: Stopami Dějin Náchodska. Vol. 5, 1999, ISSN  1211-3069 , pp. 159-169.
  6. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/576590/Obec-Opocno
  7. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/576590/Obec-Opocno
  8. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/576590/Obec-Opocno