Frymburk Castle

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Coordinates: 50 ° 21 '26.3 "  N , 16 ° 14' 10.2"  E

Friedenburg castle ruins in Neubürgles near Neustadt an der Mettau

The Frymburk Castle (German Frymburg , Frumburg , Frümburg , also Friedenburg ) is a castle ruin in the Czech Republic . It is located west of Nový Hrádek above the Olešenka valley in the north-western Eagle Mountains .

From the complex, which is surrounded by a ten-meter high wall and consists of a castle and outer bailey, the partially slipped keep and remains of the wall of the castle gate have been preserved.

history

The castle was probably built at the beginning of the 14th century by the lords of Leipa . The first proven owner was Matouš von Frymburk, who installed a pastor in Gießhübel on June 11, 1354 . From 1359 the castle was owned by Čeněk von Leipa, who under Charles IV was from 1349 to 1360 Colonel Marshal of the Kingdom of Bohemia. He was followed by the castellan of Cracow, Johann von Leipa, and after his death in 1364 Heinrich von Leipa, who was also Colonel Marshal of Bohemia. From this Johann von Lichtenburg acquired the Frymburk, and in 1367 the brothers Hynko (Hajman) and Ješek (Jan) von Dubá followed , who had owned the Náchod rule since 1353 .

It is not known when Frymburk got to Sezema from Dobruška and Opočno . After his death in 1373, his sons Stephan / Štěpán von Opočno († 1397), Johann d. Ä. (Jan starší; † 1430) and Jaroslaw initially shared the possessions. After they agreed on a division by the end of the 1370s at the latest, the Frymburk Castle and the surrounding villages passed to the youngest brother Johann / Jan, who also used the title “von Frymburk”. Probably after his death (before 1430) the Frymburk came to Johann's nephew Johann Městecký von Opočno , who fought on the side of the East Bohemian aristocratic party in the Hussite Wars , but twice submitted to the Hussites . Therefore the Frymburg was destroyed by the orphans in 1425 . After Johann Městecký's death in 1432, Georg / Jiřík von Dubá and Vízmburk became the owner of the Frymburk lordship.

In 1534 Jan Trčka von Lípa acquired the Frymburk estate from Achilles Anděl von Ronov . From 1537 he shared the property with his cousin Zdenko the Younger Trčka from Lípa to Vlašim . A year later, Jan Trčka from Lípa sold his half to Zdenko's son Jan the Elder. J. Trčka from Lípa. After the death of his father, Jan d. J. sole owner of the Frymburk and Opočno estates. The castle lordship of Frymburk, which included Dobruška , Dobřany , Olešnice , Slavoňov and another twenty villages and four farms, was attached to the Opočno dominion. Under the Trčka of Lípa, iron ore mining began in the valley below the castle, and the Doly settlement was established.

Frymburk Castle had been desolate since the middle of the 16th century. During the Thirty Years War, the castle was occupied by rebellious peasants in 1626 and by the Swedes in 1638 and finally burned down. Subsequently, the facility remained in ruins. The ruins of the castle then belonged to the Trčka of Lípa and subsequently to the Counts Colloredo- Wallsee as the owners of the Opočno estate.

On August 22, 1925, the textile industrialist Josef Bartoň von Dobenín from Nové Město nad Metují bought the ruins. His son Václav Bartoň-Dobenín (1909–1982), who became the owner of the Frymburk in 1939, intended to rebuild it and in 1940 commissioned the Prague architect Pavel Janák to draw up the plans. The implementation of the project was prevented by the Second World War, and in 1948 the Bartoň-Dobenín family was expropriated by the communist government of Czechoslovakia. In 1950 the ruin was declared a monument. After the Velvet Revolution , a circle of friends of Frymburk Castle was founded in 1991 with the aim of repairing the facility. The work that had begun was discontinued after the ruins were returned to the Bartoň-Dobenín family. The Frymburk is not accessible due to the risk of collapse.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lydia Baštecká, Ivana Ebelová: Náchod . Náchod 2004, ISBN 80-7106-674-5 , p. 33