Karl Theodor von Pappenheim

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Carl Graf Pappenheim, engraving by Blasius Höfel after Lieder (1815)

Karl Theodor Friedrich Graf zu Pappenheim (also "Carl zu Pappenheim"; * March 17, 1771 in Pappenheim ; † August 26, 1853 there ) was a royal Bavarian field warden and adjutant general to the king. He was the last ruling imperial count in the county of Pappenheim.

Life

origin

Karl Theodor Friedrich Graf and Herr zu Pappenheim came from the old, noble Swabian - Franconian von Pappenheim family . He was born as the son of Wilhelm Graf and Herr zu Pappenheim, Imperial Chamberlain and Hereditary Marshal of the Holy Roman Empire , as well as Herr auf Rothenstein , Kalden and Bellenberg and his wife Friederike Johanna Freiin von Seckendorff . His brother Albert Graf and Herr zu Pappenheim (* 1777; † 1860) also served as a general in the royal Bavarian army .

Military background

In 1783 Karl Theodor joined the Austrian army as a cadet . In the same year he became a lieutenant in the carbine regiment "Duke Albert von Sachsen-Teschen" and took part with his unit in the campaign against the Turks in 1790 . In 1791 he was promoted to Rittmeister in the "Archduke Johann" dragoon regiment.

In the election of Emperor and the coronation of Franz II. In 1792, Karl Theodor represented his father as Imperial Hereditary Marshal. It was the last time that this office, administered by the von Pappenheim family for several hundred years, was exercised. He brought the news to Archduke Franz of Austria, Elector and King of Bohemia , who was staying in Würzburg , that he had been elected Emperor. On the day of the coronation in Frankfurt he carried the imperial sword before the emperor . At the end of the ceremony, he was given the chamberlain keys.

Returning to his regiment, he took part in the campaign against France in Holland and Flanders. He was transferred to the General Staff as captain and served under General Karl Mack von Leiberich . A short time later Pappenheim was promoted to the first Rittmeister in the Ulanan Corps commanded by Prince Karl Philipp zu Schwarzenberg . In the fighting during the First Coalition War from 1793 to 1795 Pappenheim was able to distinguish itself several times.

In 1797 he took over the government of the county of Pappenheim from his father. When the county lost its imperial immediacy in 1807 , Karl Theodor joined the newly created Kingdom of Bavaria. His county was assigned to the Crown of Bavaria. With Army Command from March 2, 1807 Pappenheim became a colonel and adjutant general of King I. Maximilian appointed. He experienced the campaign of 1809 against Austria in the headquarters of the Crown Prince and later King Ludwig I. On May 31, 1809, with an army order of June 8, 1809, he received the Order of the French Legion of Honor . After the conclusion of the armistice, he accompanied the crown prince on his travels and only returned to his previous position as adjutant general with the conclusion of the peace treaty at Schönbrunn .

On September 4, 1813, after the army order of August 10, 1813, Pappenheim was appointed major general. He was given command of the 1st Infantry Brigade of the 2nd Infantry Division "Graf Beckers". In the battle of Hanau he showed great courage and bravery. During the fighting he received a severe bruise and lost two horses to himself. According to a certificate issued on November 13, 1813 by General of the Cavalry Carl Philipp von Wrede , who later became General Field Marshal, and an assessment of November 17, 1813 by General Beckers, Pappenheim was accepted as a Knight of the Military Max Joseph Order . The Chapter of the Order , which met on November 23rd at the Offenbach headquarters and was chaired by General Anton von Vieregg , decided unanimously to accept it, following an army order of December 31st, 1813. For his services in the Battle of Hanau he was also awarded the Knight's Cross of the Imperial Austrian Military Maria Theresa Order , the Imperial Russian Order of Vladimir and the Royal Prussian Order Pour le Mérite .

In the further course of the campaign Pappenheim became the commandant of Basel and led the siege of Schlettstadt . In 1815, during the campaign against France, he took command of a cavalry brigade. In the same year he was awarded the Prussian Red Eagle Order , in 1820 the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown , in 1821 the Grand Cross of the Royal Hanoverian Guelph Order and on June 25, 1823 the Saxon Order of Merit .

From 1819 to 1820, Karl Theodor had another palace built in the classical style in Pappenheim , the New Palace , based on plans by the well-known royal Bavarian building manager Leo von Klenze . It is still owned by the Counts of Pappenheim today.

After the training camp in Ingolstadt , he was appointed lieutenant general and commander of the 1st Army Division on February 11, 1824 , while maintaining his position at court. In 1825 Pappenheim received the hereditary imperial council dignity and became capitular of the Knightly Order of Saint Hubert . On October 28, 1835, the ownership of the 7th Line Infantry Regiment was transferred to him. After a training camp held in Nuremberg in 1840, where Pappenheim was in command, he was appointed Feldzeugmeister on September 10, 1840.

He received other awards such as the Grand Cross of the Russian Alexander Nevsky Order on August 30, 1838, the Prussian Black Eagle Order on September 2, 1845, the Austrian Iron Crown Order on July 24, 1837, the Royal Württemberg Crown Order on September 14 November 1841 and the Knight's Cross of the Order of St. John . On November 30, 1852 he became the owner of the 1st Chevaulegers Regiment .

In memory of his services to the army, fronts V and VI of the main enclosure of Ingolstadt were given the name Pappenheim by the Bavarian king on January 26, 1842.

Marriage and offspring

Karl Theodor Graf and Herr zu Pappenheim married Lucia Anna Wilhelmine Christina Countess von Hardenberg-Reventlow (* 1776, † 1854), the daughter of the royal Prussian State Chancellor and Prince Karl August von Hardenberg , on June 26, 1796 . The marriage resulted in two daughters and a son. Adelheid von Carolath-Beuthen , one of the daughters, was a well-known author and landscape painter; the other two children died shortly after birth. The marriage was divorced in 1817 after the spouses had been separated for many years; Lucia immediately married Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau as a second marriage .

Karl Theodor's relationship with the Pappenheimer daughter Anna Maria Eder, who was ennobled by Calatin in 1819 , gave birth to three daughters. The eldest Emma von Suckow (* 1807, † 1876) became an important writer and wrote under the pseudonym Emma Niendorf .

literature

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personal data
SURNAME Pappenheim, Karl Theodor von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pappenheim, Carl von; Pappenheim, Karl Theodor Friedrich Graf and Mr. zu
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bavarian Feldzeugmeister, last ruling Count von Pappenheim
DATE OF BIRTH March 17, 1771
PLACE OF BIRTH Pappenheim
DATE OF DEATH August 26, 1853
Place of death Pappenheim