Castle (near Magdeburg)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city castle
Castle (near Magdeburg)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Burg highlighted

Coordinates: 52 ° 16 '  N , 11 ° 51'  E

Basic data
State : Saxony-Anhalt
County : Jerichower Land
Height : 46 m above sea level NHN
Area : 164.05 km 2
Residents: 22,406 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 137 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 39288
Area code : 03921
License plate : JL, BRG, GNT
Community key : 15 0 86 015
City structure: 9 districts and 4 residential spaces

City administration address :
In the old barracks 2
39288 Burg
Website : www.stadt-burg.de
Mayor : Jörg Rehbaum ( SPD )
Location of the district town of Burg
in the district of Jerichower Land
Biederitz Burg Elbe-Parey Genthin Gommern Jerichow Möckern Möser Möckern Möckern Sachsen-Anhaltmap
About this picture
Castle from the southwest
Upper Church of Our Lady in Burg
The burger Roland

Burg is a unified municipality and the district town of the Jerichower Land district in Saxony-Anhalt . It is a Roland city and is also called the city ​​of towers .

geography

Burg is located about 25 kilometers northeast of the Saxony-Anhalt state capital Magdeburg . Berlin is about 100 kilometers to the northeast. Important bodies of water in Burg are the Ihle River and the Elbe-Havel Canal . The Elbe forms the north-western city limits. The area around the city was shaped by the Ice Ages, to which the landscape formation of the Fläming goes back, on whose foothills lies the castle.

City structure

Districts Incorporated localities Living spaces
Blumenthal
Gütter
Madel
Detershagen
Ihleburg
Niegripp
Parchau
Schartau
Reesen
• Obergütter
• Überfunder
• Forest peace
• Forest school
• Brehm

Place name

The origin of the name Burg is unclear. The older spelling is Borg and also the current dialectal pronunciation is more of an O as a U . The triangular market square (today Am Markt ) is interpreted as evidence of Slavic founding. Thus, Bor (Slavic pine forest ) offers itself as a place name, similar to Kleinburg near Breslau, here too there was Borck with O as a transitional form. However, the nearby Gardelegen also has a triangular market, but is considered a Germanic foundation. The triangular market could also be due to the fact that the current dike road leads into a swampy area. Deich-… means unanimous pond and even today the patchwork park following Deichstraße is full of ponds and regularly flooded by the Ihle . A traveler from Berlin to Magdeburg or Zerbst would have taken a route on the terminal moraine of Berliner Straße that differs significantly from the straight line, but is dry. However, an actual castle was not found.

history

The town of Burg was first mentioned in a document on October 1, 948. The settlement was favored because the heights of the northwestern Fläming above the water-bearing Ihle and Elbe lowlands with its partially fertile and wild terrain offered favorable conditions for existence. The prehistory of Burg began palpably with the Neolithic (Younger Stone Age), around the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC. Archaeological finds from the Bronze Age and then the Iron Age document the further early history of Burg. Research results from 2010 locate the settlement Mersovium , which Ptolemy had listed in his Atlas Geographia around the year 150 AD , in the Burg area.

After the Germanic population emigrated during the migration period, Slavs settled near the Ihle crossing. The Ottonian kings began their policy of conquest in the 10th century. In 928, Heinrich I conquered Brandenburg . His son Otto founded the Diocese of Brandenburg in 948 . The town of Burg is mentioned for the first time in the deed of foundation. In order to secure their influence, Albrecht the Bear and Archbishop Wichmann in particular moved Flemish settlers to the Burger Land. They founded the lower town in Burg, built the Nicolaikirche and introduced cloth-making. The Flemish immigrants brought advanced forms of economy and important trade relations with them from their homeland. By building dykes on the Elbe and draining the extensive lowlands, they increased the amount of agricultural land around the city. Their cattle breeding, beer brewing and the production of woolen cloth became a basis for the flourishing development of the town of Burg. This is shown by the fact that there was already a cloth defeat in Magdeburg in 1224 and this was solemnly confirmed by the then Archbishop Albert.

Parish Church St. Nikolai (Lower Church)

On both sides of the banks of the Ihle, an upper and lower town developed under separate administration. In the early 13th century, both settlements were fortified together (new defensive walls with towers). At that time, Burg was already one of the economically most important and most defensive cities in the region and in the 15th century it was the third largest city in the ore monastery of Magdeburg after Magdeburg and Halle .

The Thirty Years War brought much suffering to the people living in Burg. Numerous billets and passages, which repeatedly led to fires, an artillery bombardment and a general pillage in 1644 brought the city to the brink of doom, from which it was not protected by the letter of protection from General Pappenheim. The general marched through Burg at the end of January 1631 to help conquer Magdeburg. In the Peace of Prague in 1635, Kursachsen Castle was awarded, but in 1687 it was sold to Brandenburg-Prussia by Duke Johann Adolf I of Saxony-Weißenfels . The city and the Burg office went to the surrounding Duchy of Magdeburg . Burg was located in the Jerichower district and was henceforth directly subordinate to the government of the duchy as a so-called immediate city . The immigration of Palatine, Walloons and Huguenots , that is, of Reformed religious refugees who found refuge here, supported this upward development, which was promoted by Brandenburg-Prussia . The Huguenots, for example, brought new, innovative forms of handicraft to this region.

Map of the castle from 1849

In 1817 the district of Jerichow I was formed, whose seat became the castle. In 1924, Burg formed an urban district, but retained the administrative seat for the district, which was renamed District Burg after the Second World War and reintegrated into the castle in 1950. In 1994 the city came to the district of Jerichower Land.

With the expansion of the transport system - in 1820 a country road was built from Burg to Magdeburg - and the beginning of industrialization , the city continued to advance economically. The first steam engines were in operation in Burg in 1836. On August 7, 1846, the inauguration of the Burger Bahnhof on the new Berlin – Magdeburg railway line was celebrated. Finally, the construction of the Ihle Canal in 1871 created further conditions for extensive industrial development. In 1883 the shoe factory “Tack u. Cie ". The company Conrad Tack u. Until the end of the Second World War, Cie was the largest shoe manufacturer in Europe with up to 4,000 pairs of shoes produced every day. The Burger Schlachthof was built from 1898 to 1899. In 1917, for example, 1,500 cattle, 1,200 calves, 10,000 pigs, 700 sheep and 150 horses were slaughtered there.

During the Second World War, the castle was relatively little destroyed. A group of communists, social democrats and bourgeois democrats also managed to surrender the city to the Soviet army without a fight and thus prevented the city's destruction in the last days of the war. This group included the communists and former members of the city parliament for the KPD August Heisinger, a lathe operator and Willi Steiger, a cutter by trade. In addition to master gardener Georg Schindler, also a member of the KPD, the group also included the social democrat and master carpenter Willi Stollberg, who was also a member of the city parliament for his party before the Nazi era, and the social democrat and high school councilor Dr. Hubert Tschersig. In addition, the well-known gold molding manufacturer Georg Lorenz, W. Kunze, the burger publisher Theodor Hopfer, the lubricating grease manufacturer Siegfried Stöckel, who had also previously been a member of the city parliament for a bourgeois list, and the cloth merchant Ullrich Deutsch, in whose rooms the decisive meeting on May 2, 1945, three days before the handover, took place.

In 1953, a radio transmission system was built east of Burg bei Brehm , which was subsequently expanded to become one of the largest in Germany.

Unveiling of the Stalin monument, 1954

A Stalin monument was ceremoniously unveiled in 1954 on today's Rolandplatz . It was one of the last monuments erected in the GDR after Stalin's death and was removed after just a few years.

From 1949 to 1990, the largest youth workshop in the GDR was located in Burg .

In 1991 the largest industrial park in the district was opened. From September 17th to 19th, 1999 the first Burger Rolandfest took place with the unveiling of the new Roland figure . From June 27 to 29, 2003, Burg hosted the 7th Saxony-Anhalt Day .

On May 25, 2009, the city received the title “ Place of Diversity ” awarded by the federal government .

Some important people stayed in the town of Burg. Theodor Fontane worked as a pharmacy assistant in Burg and the military theorist Carl von Clausewitz , whose teachings on war are taught in almost all military universities worldwide, was born here. The internationally renowned grave of Carl von Clausewitz can be found in the Burger Ostfriedhof. A memorial is located in his parents' house at Schulstrasse 12. The city ​​library at Berliner Strasse 38 and a primary school in the Burg-Süd district bear the name of the writer Brigitte Reimann , who was born in Burg in 1933 . The well-known organist and composer Joachim a Burck was born in Burg in 1546. The district music school and a street bear his name. Numerous churches, remains of walls and gate towers bear witness to the great past of this city.

Incorporations

Ihleburg was incorporated on May 25, 2002. This was followed on December 1, 2002 by Detershagen, Niegripp, Parchau and Schartau. On July 1, 2009 Reesen was incorporated.

Population development

Population development of Burgs 1816–2018
Population pyramid for Burg (near Magdeburg) (data source: 2011 census)
date Residents
1816 9,025
1858 14,095
1880 15,877
1910 24,074
June 16, 1925 24,320
June 16, 1933 25,064
May 17, 1939 27,082
October 29, 1946 27,088
August 31, 1950 30,314
1964 29,843
1st January 1971 29,990
1973 29,647
December 31, 1981 28,229
1988 28,056
3rd October 1990 29,419
date Residents
December 31, 1995 28,975
December 31, 2000 26,519
December 31, 2005 24,747
December 31, 2006 24,364
December 31, 2007 24,107
December 31, 2008 24,283
December 31, 2009 24,362
December 31, 2010 24.163
May 9, 2011 23,153
December 31, 2012 23,776
December 31 2013 22,828
December 31, 2014 22,680
December 31, 2015 22,970
December 31, 2016 22,834
December 31, 2017 22,583
December 31, 2018 22,478

politics

City council

After the local elections on May 26, 2019, with a turnout of 47.5%, the 36 seats of the Burg City Council were distributed as follows:

Historic town hall with the upper church in the background
Party / list Share of votes Seats +/- Allocation of seats in the city council from 2019
CDU 31.1% 11 - 4th
6th
6th
2
1
1
2
11
6th
1
6th 6th 11 6th 
A total of 36 seats
SPD 16.8% 6th - 2nd
The left 16.7% 6th ± 0
AfD 16.2% 6th + 6
Alliance 90 / The Greens 4.9% 2 + 1
FDP 4.9% 2 + 1
FWG Endert 4.4% 1 - 2nd
Burger Free Voters 2.8% 1 ± 0
EM * 2.1% 1 ± 0

* Individual mandate holder

Three factions have formed:

  • SPD / LINKE / Greens / BFW / EM (16 members)
  • CDU / FDP (13 members)
  • AfD / FWG Endert (7 members)

The chairman of the city council is Markus Kurz (CDU). The first deputy chairman is Karl-Heinz Summa (SPD). Barbara Bester (Die Linke) is the second deputy chairwoman.

Five standing committees have been set up by the city council. The decision-making committees include the main committee , the economic and public procurement committee , the finance and auditing committee , the building and regulatory committee and the culture, tourism and social committee. There is also the advisory environmental committee. The chairman of the main committee is the mayor Jörg Rehbaum (SPD).

mayor

In the main election on January 17 and the necessary runoff on January 31, 2010, Jörg Rehbaum ( SPD ) was elected with 54.71%, according to the official final result. The inauguration and appointment for seven years took place in the city council meeting on February 18, 2010. Until then, Jörg Rehbaum was urban planner in the Magdeburg city administration and honorary mayor of the Niegripp community, where he received 84.4% of the votes. On November 6, 2016, Jörg Rehbaum was re-elected with 82.0% of the vote.

Chronology of the (lord) mayors
  • (1809-1821) Holy Bread
  • (1821-1833) by Hartwig
  • (1833-1844) Dieck
  • (1844-1881) Wilhelm Nethe
  • (1881-1893) Eugen Meltzbach
  • (1893-1899) Ferdinand Kruspi
  • (1899–1906) Wilhelm Kuhr
  • (1906-1929) Richard Schmelz
  • (1930–1933) Wilhelm Liebert
  • (1933-1945) Kurt Lebenstedt
  • (May 1945-August 1945) Siegfried Stöckel
  • (1945–1947) August Heisinger
  • (1947-1949) Kurt Joergler
  • (1949–1952) Edmund Gottschling
  • (1952-1953) Pudlowski
  • (1953–1955) Elisabeth Dombrowski
  • (1956–1957) Bernhard Haase
  • (1957-1958) Karl Wollenberg
  • (1959–1960) Deputy Gertrud Großmann
  • (1960–1968) Fredi Just
  • (1968–1978) Günter Skibbe
  • (1978-1990) Peter Wittmann
  • (1990–1991) Gerhard Ritz (CDU)
  • (1991–1998) Daniel Kohnert (SPD)
  • (1998–2009) Bernhard Sterz (SPD)
  • (since 2010) Jörg Rehbaum (SPD)

coat of arms

Blazon : “In blue a golden castle with a battlement wall and two tinned round towers with black arched windows (1: 2), with red gate wings and raised black portcullis; a golden Mother of God enthroned on the wall between the towers, holding the baby Jesus in her right arm. "

The coat of arms is based on the Magdeburg coat of arms : Mary on the city wall with a victory wreath as Mary on the city wall with the child.

Corperate Identity Logo of the city of Burg
Corperate Identity Logo of the city of Burg

The corperate identity logo of the city of Burg was created in 2006. It shows stylized houses and towers set off in a large B, which represent a symbol for the cityscape of the historic city center and thus derive the nickname "City of Towers". The logo may be used by third parties for their own purposes without the approval of the Burg City Council.

Town twinning

Together with Gummersbach, there are partnerships with Afandou and La Roche-sur-Yon.

Culture and sights

Church of Our Dear Women (Upper Church)
Nicolaikirche (lower church)
Bismarck Tower Castle
Berlin gate tower
The "burger drummer"

Due to the early development and the strategic location, the town of Burg was equipped with fortifications early on. Some of these structures have been preserved, and the towers in particular still shape the cityscape today.

The holiday route " Romanesque Road " leads through Burg with the stations Upper and Lower Church (see buildings) and the Road of Rolande .

Attractions

Churches / sacred buildings

additional

Parks

There are two parks in Burg, the Flickschupark and the Goethepark .

Under the motto " ... embraced by gardens ", the 4th State Garden Show in Saxony-Anhalt took place in Burg from April 21 to October 7, 2018 . The focus of the garden show was on the four core areas of Goethepark, Weinberg, Ihlegärten and Flickschupark.

Monuments

Economy and Infrastructure

Burg is the seat of the Burg District Court and the Burg correctional facility . Progroup has been operating a corrugated board plant in Burg since 1998 , which has also been supplied with corrugated board base paper by a neighboring paper machine since 2001.

industrial Estate
Industrial u. Burg Business Park

Traditional company

In 1917 the kitchen company Burger Küchenmöbel GmbH was founded by Otto Aßmann, who initially manufactured kitchen furniture by hand, and built-in kitchens have been available since 1960. Burger Küchenmöbel GmbH is a company of the baumann group, to which Bauformat Küchen GmbH & Co.KG also belongs. Together, the two companies with around 1,000 employees at two locations produce over 240 million euros in sales and are therefore among the TOP 10 German kitchen furniture manufacturers.

The Knäcke factories have existed in Burg since 1931 and were the first of their kind in Germany. These were relocated to Burg by their founder, the nutritionist Wilhelm Kraft, from Berlin-Lichterfelde (founded there in 1927). Burger Knäcke GmbH & Co. KG has been part of the Brandt Group since 2001 . The Burger Knäcke-Werke mostly produce crispbread and rusks . Around 150 people are currently employed there.

The Burg Walzwerk has specialized in the manufacture of stainless steel products for years. Founded in 1908 as “Berlin-Burger Eisenwerke” (BBE), since 1937 “Sheet rolling mill” and since 1954 “Sheet rolling mill for stainless and tool steels”. In 1990 "Walzwerk Burg GmbH" was founded. From 1997 to 2012 it belonged to the Georgsmarienhütte Holding GmbH group of companies . Since January 1, 2009 it has been operating under the name Edelstahl Service Center Burg GmbH . On January 1, 2013, the company was sold to private investors.

Transport links

Burger station

The Castle railway station lies on the railway line between Berlin and Magdeburg , and is the regional express -line Magdeburg - Brandenburg - Potsdam - Berlin - Frankfurt (Oder) and the regional train -line ( Genthin -) Burg - Magdeburg - Helmstedt - Braunschweig served. Burg is also the stop of the weekly Harz-Berlin-Express on the Berlin - Magdeburg - Halberstadt - Ilsenburg route . Important traffic axes are the federal highways 1 , 246a and the federal highway 2 as well as the Elbe-Havel Canal . There is a special airfield on the southern outskirts of the city .

military

Burg has also been a garrison town since the 18th century . There were three barracks in total . Only one is used for military purposes, the Clausewitz barracks of the Bundeswehr , in which the logistics battalion 171 and the 8th  company of Feldjägerregiment 1 are housed. The area in the old barracks dates from the time of the Prussian army . This barracks was built around 1902 and is now an administrative center, among other things. The former Fürst-Leopold-von-Anhalt barracks from 1936, like the Clausewitz barracks, was built during the armament of the Wehrmacht . After 1945 it was occupied by Soviet troops until the withdrawal due to the two-plus-four contract in the early 1990s . Today there is an asylum seekers home in one part.

Transmitting system for long and medium wave

Burg transmitter system

In the district of Brehm there is a large transmitter system for radio in the long and medium wave range, the Brehm radio office. The most striking structures of this complex are a 324 m high guyed steel lattice mast that carries a rhombus antenna for medium waves, a 210 m high guyed tubular mast, a 60 m high HP (horizontally polarized) antenna on six self-supporting steel lattice masts, and the 55 m high triangular antenna (K 1) on three guyed steel lattice masts. A second 210 m high tubular mast was blown up on June 22, 2006.

During the GDR era, the programs of the propaganda stations Deutscher Freiheitssender 904 and Deutscher Soldatensender 935 were broadcast from here.

media

  • Der BurgSpiegel (discontinued - the last issue was published on February 17, 2019)
  • Burger people's voice
  • SKB - Stadtkanal Burg (broadcasting was discontinued in 2009 after bankruptcy)

Personalities

Honorary citizen

sons and daughters of the town

Carl von Clausewitz

People related to the city

Quotes

“In the autumn of 1840 I left Berlin and first went to Burg, a handsome city that still“ nobody knows anything ”about. Or not much. The proximity of Magdeburg put it in the shade right from the start. "

- Theodor Fontane : From twenty to thirty

literature

  • FA Wolter: Communications from the history of the city of Burg. Published by A. Hopfer, Burg 1881.
  • Paul Nüchterlein: Burger club life. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-86680-130-1 .
  • Dieter Pötschke, Gerhard Lingelbach, Bernd Feicke (eds.): The Burger Landrecht and its legal historical environment. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2014 (Harz Research 30).

Web links

Commons : Burg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, population of the municipalities - as of December 31, 2019 (PDF) (update) ( help ).
  2. ^ Andreas Kleineberg, Christian Marx, Eberhard Knobloch, Dieter Lelgemann : Germania and the island of Thule. The decoding of Ptolemy's "Atlas of the Oikumene". Scientific Buchgesell., Darmstadt 2011.
  3. JAF Hermes: Historical-geographical-statistical-topographical manual from the administrative districts of Magdeburg W. Heinrichshosen, Magdeburg 1842.
  4. ^ Archive of the University of Magdeburg
  5. ^ Dietrich Rönisch: Fightless handover of the city of Burg. In: Burger Blatt. (2014). Issue 1, p. 18.
  6. The place nobody talks about. In: volksstimme.de. Retrieved March 14, 2017 .
  7. a b StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2002
  8. ^ StBA: Area changes from January 2 to December 31, 2009
  9. 2011 census database, castle, city, age + gender
  10. ^ A b Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Yearbook for the official statistics of the Prussian state. 1st year, publishing house of the royal and secret Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, Berlin 1868.
  11. Statistisches Reichsamt (Hrsg.): The communities with 2,000 and more inhabitants in the German Reich according to the census of June 16, 1925. Special issues on economy and statistics. 6th year, volume 3, published by Reimar Hobbing, Berlin 1926, p. 40.
  12. ^ Statistisches Reichsamt (Hrsg.): The religious organization in the German Reich, in the states, administrative districts and communities with 10,000 and more inhabitants according to the census of June 16, 1933. Special supplement on economy and statistics. 14th year (1934), No. 21, Verlag der Reimar Hobbing G. mb H., Berlin 1934, p. 7.
  13. ^ Statistisches Reichsamt (Ed.): The population according to religious affiliation on the basis of the census of May 17, 1939. Special supplement to economy and statistics. 21st year (1941), No. 9, Verlag für Sozialpolitik, Wirtschaft und Statistik Paul Schmidt, Berlin 1941, p. 6.
  14. census result; State Central Administration for Statistics (ed.): Population statistics yearbook of the GDR 1983. Published September 1984.
  15. ^ Result of the census in the GDR 1970; State Central Administration for Statistics (ed.): Population statistics yearbook of the GDR 1983. Published September 1984.
  16. ^ Local lexicon of the GDR. Compiled and edited by Heinz Adomeit. Staatsverlag der DDR, Berlin 1974, p. 68.
  17. ^ Result of the census in the GDR in 1981; State Central Administration for Statistics (ed.): Population statistics yearbook of the GDR 1983. Published September 1984.
  18. Results of the 2011 census; 2011 census database, population of the city of Burg in regional comparison
  19. State Office for Statistics as of October 7, 2015.
  20. ^ Report of the State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt ed. October 2016.
  21. ^ Website of the city of Burg
  22. ^ Election results - City of Burg. In: www.stadt-burg.de. Retrieved November 7, 2016 .
  23. Manfred Grunewald, Heinz Jericho: Chronicle of the mayors. (No longer available online.) In: Burg bei Magdeburg and the surrounding area. Stephan Meisel, archived from the original on January 3, 2016 ; Retrieved January 3, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.burgund Umgebung.de
  24. Press release No. 77/06
  25. Town Castle: Image film of the castle town (Part 2 of 2). March 25, 2009, accessed December 27, 2016 .
  26. ^ Sister cities of the city of Burg - City of Burg. In: www.stadt-burg.de. Retrieved December 27, 2016 .
  27. ^ Roland der Stadt Burg , accessed on October 31, 2017.
  28. ^ Archive of the University of Magdeburg
  29. Opening advertisement in the Burger Tageblatt from June 2, 1911.
  30. Burger Volksstimme, August 1, 1996.
  31. ^ Archive of the University of Magdeburg
  32. Burger Volksstimme October 25, 2009.
  33. ↑ Preventive detention in Burg JVA converted
  34. Company. In: burger ,. Accessed December 18, 2019 (German).
  35. List of Bundeswehr locations in Germany
  36. Archive link ( Memento of the original dated August 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 15, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.burgund Umgebung.de
  37. Surprise in the Bismarck Tower , volksstimme.de, June 15, 2015, accessed on August 15, 2017.