Hermann Paul Reisshaus

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Paul Reisshaus

Hermann Paul Reisshaus (born September 29, 1855 in Burg near Magdeburg, † September 5, 1921 in Schwarzburg ) was a German politician (SPD) and a member of the Reichstag.

Live and act

Paul Reisshaus was born the son of a master tailor. After attending elementary school in Burg from 1861 to 1869, Reißhaus learned the tailoring trade from 1869 to 1872 . In 1874 he joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Reisshaus was married to Anna Schumann (1859–1945) and had two children: Oswald Reisshaus (1877–1934) and Elfriede Reisshaus (1893–1944).

In 1878 he started his own business as a master tailor. In 1880 Reisshaus was expelled from Berlin due to the Socialist Act of 1878 and he settled in Erfurt on December 1, 1880. His entry in the 1882 address book read: Reisshaus Hermann Paul, master tailor, Löberstrasse 14 . In the fight against the Socialist Act, the Health Insurance Act offered opportunities for legal political work. Wilhelm Liebknecht visited the Erfurt Social Democrats on February 20, 1882 to support them, as did Max Kayser in July 1882. In the Reichstag election in 1884 , the Social Democrats in the city of Erfurt received the most votes in this city for the first time with 2,662 votes. In 1884 the right to distribute printed matter was withdrawn from him.

From 1889 he acted as the editor of the Thuringian Tribune , the main journalistic organ of the Thuringian social democracy. In the first number of the “Thuringian Tribune. Organ for everyone from the people ”of September 1, 1889, Reißhaus wrote:“ The 'Thuringian Tribune' represents a socialist-democratic policy encompassing all interests of the people, strives to improve the situation of the working class, to increase popular education and works for the introduction of universal, equal and direct suffrage for all parliamentary bodies ”.

From 14 to 21 July 1889, Reisshaus took part in the founding congress of the Second International in Paris ., In October 1891, Reisshaus opened the Erfurt party congress of the SPD, at which the Erfurt program was decided that was to shape the party line for decades. In 1892, Reisshaus became the owner of a ladies 'and gents' fashion shop in Erfurt. At that time, Reißhaus was also a co-founder of the German Tailors' Association and from 1888 to 1892 shop steward and managing director of the association.

In the Reichstag election in 1890 he received 7,215 votes and in the runoff election, in which he was defeated, 8,496 votes. In this election he advertised with a leaflet “Down with the cartel! the oppressors of the people, the distributors of food ”. From June 1893 to January 1907 and from January 1912 to November 1918, Reisshaus sat as a member of the SPD for the constituency of Sachsen-Meiningen 2 in the Reichstag of the German Empire .

The grandstand. Organ for the interests of the entire working people of July 2, 1911 called for a "fight against the three-class schmach " in the spirit of Paul Reisshaus . On July 30, 1914, the Erfurt Social Democrats demanded “war against war” at a meeting with banners. At the parliamentary group meeting of the Social Democrats in the Reichstag on August 4, 1914, Paul Reisshaus was one of those who approved the war credits, and on November 12, 1914, the Social Democratic Association in Erfurt, under the influence of Reisshaus, declared itself for the " truce ". But Reisshaus also had doubts about the political line of the party leadership. On December 21, 1915, for example, he signed a declaration against the approval of the 5th war credits and left the plenary chamber before the vote in the Reichstag. On March 25, 1916, he spoke out against the expulsion of the 18 MPs who then formed the Social Democratic Working Group . Reisshaus stayed in the parliamentary group. In January 1917 he spoke in Erfurt about his view of the policies of the SPD: “The real cause of the splitting phenomena is the entire policy pursued by the representatives of the majority since August 4, 1914. [...] The old majority wants to transform the party into a reform socialist party. That is clearly the goal of the majority representatives. [...] The elimination of the capitalist social order was the main goal of the old social democratic party. Now they want a seat at the government table ”.

On November 8, 1918, the November Revolution began in Erfurt. Reisshaus and Theodor Cassau became chairmen of the workers 'and soldiers' council . The Workers 'and Soldiers' Council called for the "Socialist Republic of Germany", freedom of assembly and demonstration, the lifting of censorship and the release of all political prisoners. But it was also quickly integrated. On November 9, 1919 , Lord Mayor Hermann Schmidt accepted Reisshaus and Richard Friedrich from the workers 'and soldiers' council as members of the magistrate .

In January 1919 he was elected to the Weimar National Assembly as the SPD candidate for constituency 36 (Thuringia) . In a leaflet that even Reisshaus circulated it says: “Accordingly, the National Assembly will experience a composition that will hold down all capitalist reactionary animosity. The old rule of capital and tyranny has plunged into empires forever ”. This hope turned out to be unreal.

In the Reichstag election of June 1920 he was elected as a candidate of the SPD for constituency 13 (Thuringia) in the first Reichstag of the republic , of which he was a member until his death in September 1921. Reisshaus was absent from the first session of the Reichstag on June 24, 1920 and is not mentioned in the minutes with any speech. Reisshaus' mandate was then continued by his party colleague Wilhelmine Eichler . He was also a city councilor in Erfurt from 1911.

Paul Reisshaus was buried in the main cemetery in Erfurt .

Paul Reisshaus's estate administrator was the SPD veteran Eduard Amborn , who was born in 1879 and later became mayor of Burghausen , who handed over August Bebel's turned walking stick to Otto Grotewohl and Wilhelm Pieck at the unification party conference on April 22, 1946, and Bebel’s Reisshaus at the Erfurt party congress 1891 had received. Part of the written legacy of Reisshaus is in the Erfurt City Archives .

Honors

According to him, which is tearing House Road in Erfurt and Weimar named.

Publications

Periodicals he worked on:

  • Thuringian grandstand. Social democratic body for Thuringia . Verlag Reißhaus & Co., Erfurt 1889 to No. 224 of September 25, 1897.
  • Thuringian grandstand. Sunday paper . Verlag Reißhaus & Co., Erfurt July 5, 1896 to No. 38, September 19, 1897.
  • Grandstand. Organ of the social democracy for Thuringia and the administrative district of Erfurt . Publishing house Reißhaus & Co., Erfurt 1897–1933.

Single item:

  • "Child labor in the Sonneberg toy industry", in: Die neue Zeit . Wochenschrift der deutschen Sozialdemokratie , 20th year (1901–1902), 1st volume (1902), issue 17, pp. 531–533. Digitized
  • "The Home Workers Congress", in: The new time. Wochenschrift der deutschen Sozialdemokratie , 22nd year (1903–1904), 1st volume (1904), issue 20, pp. 643–645. Digitized

literature

  • Willibald Gutsche (group of authors, leader): History of the city of Erfurt . Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 19876, ISBN 3-7400-0000-7 , pp. 305 f., 307, 309 f., 312, 337, 341, 349, 356 ff., 369 f., 371 f., 374.
  • Steffen Kachel : A red-red special path? Social Democrats and Communists in Thuringia 1919 to 1949 , (= publications of the Historical Commission for Thuringia. Kleine Reihe 29), Böhlau, Cologne 2011, pp. 77, 92, 93, 134–135, 139, 142, 143, 147. (Zugl .: Erfurt, Univ., Diss., 2009)
  • Steffen Raßloff : Escape into the national community. The Erfurt bourgeoisie between the Empire and the Nazi dictatorship , Böhlau, Cologne 1993. ISBN 3-412-11802-8 (= publications of the Historical Commission for Thuringia. Small series 8), Erfurt 2001, pp. 77, 119, 157, 158, 159. (Zugl .: Erfurt, Univ., Diss.)
  • Ders .: Paul Reisshaus - Grand Seigneur of the Erfurt SPD . In: Thüringer Allgemeine from March 30, 2013.
  • Martin Schumacher (Hrsg.): MdR The Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation, 1933–1945. A biographical documentation . 3rd, considerably expanded and revised edition. Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-5183-1 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ German history calendar , vol. 37, volume 2, Leipzig 1921, p. 180.
  2. ^ Gravestone of the Reisshaus family; see web links.
  3. ↑ Heinzpeter Thümmler: Socialist Law, § 28. Expulsions and deported persons 1878-1890 , 1979, p. 151.
  4. ^ Willibald Gutsche: History of the City of Erfurt , p. 305.
  5. ^ Address book of the city of Erfurt 1882 . Erfurt 1882. (Reprint: Bad Langensalza 2007).
  6. ^ Willibald Gutsche: History of the City of Erfurt , p. 306.
  7. ↑ Published by this publisher a. a .: The municipal program for the social democracy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach (1904); Handbook for Social Democratic Voters in the Grand Duchy of Saxony (1906); Annual report for the constituency of Erfurt-Schleussingen-Ziegenrück (1909).
  8. ↑ To our readers! Facsimile in: Willibald Gutsche: History of the City of Erfurt , p. 308.
  9. ↑ Heinz Habedank and a. (Ed.): History of the revolutionary Berlin workers' movement . Volume 1. From the beginning to 1917 . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1987, p. 311.
  10. ^ Dieter Fricke : The German labor movement 1869-1914. A manual about their organization and activity in the class struggle . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1976, p. 539.
  11. ↑ Facsimile in: Willibald Gutsche: Geschichte der Stadt Erfurt , p. 309.
  12. ↑ Imperial Statistical Office (Ed.): The Reichstag elections of 1912 . Issue 2. by Puttkammer & Mühlbrecht, Berlin 1913, p. 101 (= Statistics of the German Reich , Volume 250); for the individual elections see Carl-Wilhelm Reibel: Handbook of the Reichstag elections 1890–1918. Alliances, results, candidates (= handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 15). Half volume 2, Droste, Düsseldorf 2007, ISBN 978-3-7700-5284-4 , pp. 1429-1432.
  13. ↑ Facsimile in: Willibald Gutsche: Geschichte der Stadt Erfurt , p. 338.
  14. ↑ Facsimile in: Willibald Gutsche: Geschichte der Stadt Erfurt , p. 348.
  15. ^ Willibald Gutsche: History of the City of Erfurt , p. 349.
  16. ↑ Steffen Kachel: A red-red special path? , P. 139.
  17. ^ Willibald Gutsche: History of the city of Erfurt , p. 354. Eugen Prager : The history of the USPD . Berlin 1921, p. 86.
  18. ^ Willibald Gutsche: History of the City of Erfurt , p. 354.
  19. ↑ Steffen Kachel: A red-red special path? , P. 143.
  20. ^ Willibald Gutsche: History of the City of Erfurt , p. 365.
  21. ^ Willibald Gutsche: History of the City of Erfurt , p. 370.
  22. ↑ Flyer for voters in Prussia (January 26, 1919) City History Museum, Leipzig.
  23. ^ Negotiations of the German Reichstag. 1st electoral term 1920-24.1, p. 2.
  24. ^ Wolfgang Leonhard : The revolution dismisses its children . Ullstein, Frankfurt / M. 1974. (Ullstein Book 337) ISBN 3-548-02337-1 , p. 360.
  25. ^ Archive portal Thuringia; as well as signature: 5 / 850-2 (material collection of the student rer. pol. Alfred Steffen on a "history of the workers 'movement in Erfurt" volume 1: trade union workers' movement 1870-1922 volume 2: development of the individual Erfurt local associations and paying offices 1867-1922 volume 3: Economic structure of Erfurt, tribune, revolution 1918, Paul Reisshaus, election results, political history 1900-1919, 1884-1921 Volume 4: Strike movement in Erfurt, 1890-1921).
  26. ^ Addition up to 1919: Social democratic organ for the constituencies of Erfurt, Nordhausen, Weimar, Eisenach, Jena, Sonderhausen, Mühlhausen and Sangerhausen .
  27. ↑ Enclosures: unemployment stand; The town hall; Settlement and allotment; Socialist culture; People and time; Voter newspaper; Housing and rent .
personal data
SURNAME Reisshaus, Hermann Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Reisshaus, Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (SPD), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH September 29, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Castle near Magdeburg
DATE OF DEATH September 5, 1921
Place of death Schwarzburg