Heinrich V (Silesia)

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Heinrich V (around 1248; † February 22, 1296 ) was Duke of Jauer from 1274–1278 , from 1278 Duke of Liegnitz and from 1290 Duke of Breslau .

Origin and family

Heinrich came from the Silesian Piast family . His parents were Duke Boleslaw II , until 1248 Duke of Silesia , then Duke of Liegnitz, and Hedwig († 1259), daughter of Count Heinrich von Anhalt . Heinrich had the following siblings:

  • Bolko I († 1301), Duke of Jauer and Schweidnitz
  • Bernhard I († 1286), Duke of Jauer and Löwenberg
  • Agnes († 1265), Countess of Württemberg
  • Hedwig († 1280), married to Konrad II, Duke of Mazovia
  • Elisabeth, married to Ludwig von Hakeborn since 1268

In 1277 or a year later, Heinrich married Elisabeth († 1304), daughter of Duke Boleslaw von Kalisch . The marriage had three sons and five daughters:

  • Boleslaw III. († 1352), Duke of Liegnitz and Brieg
  • Henry VI. († 1335) Duke of Breslau
  • Wladislaus († 1352), initially canon in Breslau; later married a daughter of Duke Boleslaw II of Mazovia
  • Hedwig, married to Otto, son of Margrave Otto V of Brandenburg
  • Euphemia († after 1347), married to Otto von Kärnten
  • Anna († 1343), Poor Clare in Breslau
  • Elisabeth († around 1357), Poor Clare in Breslau
  • Helena, Poor Clare in Gniezno

Life

Heinrich was educated and knighted at the court of the Bohemian King Ottokar II Přemysl in Prague. While his father was still alive, he became his co-regent and in 1274 received partial rule of Jauer . After his father's death in 1278 he was awarded the Duchy of Legnica, while the Duchy of Jawor first together to the two younger brothers I. Bolko and Bernhard I passed.

In the disputes with his cousin Heinrich IV. About the inheritance of their uncle Wladislaw († 1270), Heinrich distinguished himself in a battle between Pride and Protzan near Frankenstein when he defeated the approaching army of Henry IV from Breslau. After an armistice negotiated by King Ottokar II, Henry IV had to cede a third of the Wladislaw inheritance, to which the Neumarkt and Striegau areas belonged, to the Liegnitz dukes. After the death of Ottokar II, disputes arose again around 1280 when Henry IV made claims on Ottokar's inheritance. A short time later, Henry IV and Henry V are said to have reconciled. In 1287 Heinrich V mediated the dispute between Heinrich IV. And the Breslau bishop Thomas II. Two years later he supported Heinrich IV. In his campaign to Krakow , in which Heinrich V took part personally and provided his own auxiliary troops.

Despite these merits, Henry V was not included in Henry IV's will. Heinrich IV determined Duke Heinrich III of Glogau as the successor to his duchy . , which, however, was rejected and not recognized by the city of Wroclaw and the knighthood. With the help of the Bohemian King Wenceslas II , Henry V succeeded in taking possession of Wroclaw in 1290, to which he immediately confirmed the privileges.

Since Heinrich wanted to secure the help of his brother Bolko I in the disputes with Heinrich von Glogau, he gave Bolko the southern part of the principality of Breslau along the mountains, to which the areas of Münsterberg , Frankenstein , Strehlen , Reichenbach and Schweidnitz belonged the later principalities Schweidnitz and Munsterberg corresponded. In 1291 Heinrich V had to give his rival Heinrich von Glogau, among others, Groß Wartenberg , Trebnitz , Militsch , Sandewalde, Auras and Steinau a. O. cede. Two years later, Heinrich was captured by Heinrich von Glogau, who held him in a dungeon in Sandewalde near Guhrau and was only released in 1294. In return for his release, Heinrich V had to forego the entire area to the right of the Oder in favor of his tormentor, to whom he also had to commit himself to monetary payments and war aid.

Shortly before his death, Heinrich gave his duchy on February 1, 1296 under the protection of Pope Boniface VIII. He died three weeks later and was buried in the Wroclaw Poor Clare Monastery. His brother Bolko I became the guardian of Heinrich's children. After his death in 1301, King Wenceslas II took over the guardianship, who thereby gained further influence in Silesia . After King Wenzel's death in 1305, Bishop Heinrich von Würben from Breslau was appointed guardian of the children.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Henry V.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Henry V the Fat
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Liegnitz, Jauer and Breslau
DATE OF BIRTH around 1248
DATE OF DEATH February 22, 1296