Klostersee (Altfriedland)

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Klostersee
Klostersee Altfriedland 01.jpg
View from the east bank (outdoor pool below the monastery ruins) to the west
Geographical location Germany , Brandenburg
Tributaries Klosterseegraben with Dolgensee → Kesselsee → Lettinsee
Drain Perch trench to Friedländer StromAlte OderHohensaaten-Friedrichsthaler WasserstraßeOderBaltic Sea
Places on the shore Altfriedland
Location close to the shore Buckow
Data
Coordinates 52 ° 37 '40 "  N , 14 ° 12' 12"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 37 '40 "  N , 14 ° 12' 12"  E
Klostersee (Altfriedland) (Brandenburg)
Klostersee (Altfriedland)
Altitude above sea level 5.3  m above sea level NN
surface 55 ha
length 1284 mdep1
width 537 mdep1
volume 2.85 million m³dep1
Maximum depth 13.0 m
Middle deep 4.9 m
PH value 7.54
Catchment area 789 hadep1
Template: Infobox See / Maintenance / VERIFICATION MED-DEPTH Template: Infobox See / Maintenance / PH-VALUE

The Klostersee is a 55  hectare lake in the Brandenburg town of Altfriedland in the Märkisch-Oderland district . He is named after the former Cistercian - Kloster Friedland , which lay on the east bank and the possession of it in the Middle Ages belonged.

The mesotrophic lake is located on the southern edge of the Oderbruch at the northeast exit of the glacial Buckower channel , which separates the plateaus of Barnim and Lebuser Land . In this channel it forms the northernmost link of a four-part chain of lakes and drains the entire chain via its perch ditch outflow into the Friedlander Strom , part of the Old Oder . 1751, immediately prior to the amelioration of the Oderbruch, the lake with 106 hectares should not have had twice the area. In 2009, the profile according to the EC Water Framework Directive (EC WFD) characterized the maximum thirteen meters deep Klostersee as a lime-rich, unstratified lake with a relatively large catchment area and classified its overall ecological and chemical condition as moderate (rating three of five). The village of Altfriedland ( Fredeland = pacified land ) on the east bank of the water, like the monastery, was first mentioned in documents in 1271. There is an outdoor swimming pool at the southern end of the east bank.

Location, geomorphology and hydrography

The Klostersee is located northeast of Buckow in the northeast corner of the Märkische Schweiz Nature Park . The federal highway 167 , which connects Bad Freienwalde to Lebus via Neuhardenberg , runs past the south bank .

Löcknitz - Stöbber channel. The Klostersee is located immediately west of the marked Kietzer See.

The body of water is located at the northeast exit of the Buckower Rinne (also: Löcknitz - Stöbber -Rinne ), a glacial meltwater channel that formed in the last two phases of the Vistula Ice Age between the dead ice- filled Oderbruch and the Berlin glacial valley (today's Spreetal) and separates the Barnim plate from the Lebuser plate . This channel, which is around 30 kilometers long and two to six kilometers wide, drains from the Rotes Luch fen and headwaters area via the Stöbber to the northeast to the Oder and via Stöbberbach / Löcknitz to the southwest to the Spree .

On the edge of the Oderbruch, a narrow headland has formed between the Klostersee and the neighboring Kietzer See , on which the Stobber passes the two lakes and on which extends between the shores of the Altfriedland (originally Friedland). A smaller chain of lakes runs parallel to the Stobber in the west, stretching from the Dolgensee over the Kesselsee and Lettinsee to the northeast to the Klostersee. The gradient from Dolgensee, 9.8 meters above sea level, to Klostersee is 4.5 meters. The lakes are fed south of the Dolgensee by a ditch from a wetland in the Ringenwald Heath. The ditch connecting the lakes bears the name Barschegraben at the latest after the Kesselsee (sometimes also called Klostergraben from Klostersee ) and drains the entire chain from Klostersee into the Friedlander Strom , which emerged around two kilometers southeast from the union of the Stobber and Quappendorfer Canal .

Hydrology

The Klostersee, classified as mesotrophic in 2008 , is monitored by the State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV) as part of a long-term environmental program . A stable temperature stratification forms in the elongated oval lake basin in summer . Because of its small, predominantly forested catchment area and its stable summer temperature stratification, it has good conditions for a nutrient-poor clear water status. With visibility depths averaging 1.8 m in summer, blue algae dominance in late summer and an unbalanced oxygen balance , however, it shows clear signs of over-fertilization . The Klostersee offers bathers good water quality. [...] The microbiological guide values ​​and limit values ​​of the water hygiene tests were always observed.

Profile of the EU Water Framework Directive

According to an inventory in 2004, the profile according to the EC Water Framework Directive (EC WFD) for the Klostersee (water body no. 8000169623143) indicates an area of ​​55 and a catchment area of 789 hectares. The lake's volume is 2,852,898 m³. The maximum depth is 13 meters, the greatest length of the stretch of water from south to north at 1384 and the greatest width at 537 meters. The LAWA trophic index, which summarizes four trophic parameters (TP during the spring full circulation as well as the vegetation means of chlorophyll a , visibility depth and TP ) in different weightings in one number, is missing in the profile. The phosphorus concentration is indicated on a five-point scale with three (= environmental target of the WFD is just missed , […] moderate condition ), the phytoplankton quality component is not available. The summarized quality component macrophytes / diatoms also received a three, which, however, is based solely on the subcomponent macrophytes, while the information for the more highly weighted diatoms in the overall assessment is missing. The chemical status is rated with two (= environmental target 'good status' of the WFD is achieved ), the ecological status with three, resulting in an overall rating of three in 2004. The body of water is characterized as a calcareous, unstratified lake with a relatively large catchment area (type 10). In 2011, the LUGV gave the ecological status one class higher with two.

Water quality according to the EU Bathing Water Directive

The state office for the environment, health and consumer protection (LUGV) classified the bathing water quality as excellent after a study on May 2, 2012 with the highest rating . The two indicators for faecal pollution of a bathing water according to the bathing water directive of the EC for Escherichia coli (limit 1800/100 ml) resulted in measured values ​​of 15 per 100ml and for intestinal enterococci (limit 700/100 ml) also of 15 per 100ml. The visibility depth at this point was 4.8 meters and the water temperature was 17.0 ° C. On May 30, 2012, the number for E. coli was 30/100 ml, the number of enterococci was unchanged. The visibility depth had decreased to 3.1 meters and the water temperature had increased to 20.2 ° C. On average in 2009 the visibility depth was 3 meters, the pH value was 7.54 and the water temperature (30 cm below the water surface) was 21.4 ° C.

Catchment area, flora and fauna

Reed belt on the east bank, view to the northwest

72% of the 789 hectare catchment area is used as forest, 26% are arable land. The shores of the Klostersee have a well-developed belt of reed beds with a wooded border that separates the lake in the west from the farmland and in the east from the settlement areas of Altfriedland. The pond area around Altfriedland is designated as a European bird sanctuary (SPA) . Rare bird species such as kingfisher , sea eagle and osprey or black stork are at home here. In the appropriate season of the year, the lakes provide resting places for up to 30,000 passing bean and white-fronted geese from Northern Europe. The lakes are also habitat for the otters, which are threatened with extinction according to the Brandenburg Red List .

The Klostersee is a fishing water . According to the Brandenburg Red List , pikeperch and eels are in decline in the lake . Occasionally, pike also live in the water. Main fish species are carp , marble carp , bream , gustern , perch , roach , rudd and tench .

Since 2009 at the latest, the lake has been owned by the National Cultural Heritage Foundation of the German Nature Conservation Union . The foundation buys lakes for the benefit of nature conservation in order to prevent the waters from becoming privately owned.

history

A fishing settlement already existed in Altfriedland during the Slavic period . The Slavic name for the Klostersee is not known, while the Slavic names have been preserved in the Dolgensee (= Langer See ) and Lettinsee ( etymology unclear, possibly = sunny lake ). The name Kietzer See and the Altfriedländer Straße Kietz also refer to a Slavic settlement, as the term Kietz in the original sense of the word describes a Slavic service settlement in the Germania Slavica , which was usually located near a castle (under German rule) and mostly as Fishing settlement was created.

Former monastery garden and estate park area (today bathing area) on the east bank

The Friedland women's monastery, which gave the lake its name , was built at the earliest in 1230 and at the latest in 1271 over the eastern bank as part of the German settlement in the east . The Ecclesia sanctae Mariae semper virginis in Vredeland had a land securing or settlement function for the Ascanian rulers. The nunnery served as the house monastery of the Barnim nobility; especially the unmarried daughters of the Brandenburg landed nobility were accepted here. With extensive land holdings, including ten villages, twenty individual estates and seven other lakes in addition to the monastery lake, the abbey was one of the wealthy monasteries of the Mark. In addition to the ruins of the refectory and the remains of a cloister , the nave of the monastery church is the only remaining monastery building. Along with Chorin, the church and the remains of the building are considered to be the most important medieval monastery buildings in the region in terms of architectural history and have been a listed building since 1978 .

After the Reformation, Elector Joachim II secularized the monastery in 1540 and moved in his estates. In 1546 he pledged the now domain property to Balthasar von Beerfelde from the Beerfelde family and in 1564 he sold it to Field Marshal Joachim von Roebel , who expanded the monastery into a representative Brandenburg estate . These facilities and the manor house have largely fallen into disrepair. The cloister garden or the later manor park extended to the east bank of the lake, which must originally have been closer to the buildings. The ruins of the monastery are now just under a hundred meters above the east bank. In the Middle Ages, the lake took up at least twice the area. Is it today indicated (2012 version) with 55 hectares, which is yet to Klostersee 1751 - just before the melioration 106 hectares have included - the Oderbruch. The Klostersee and in particular the neighboring Kietzer See served the nuns and the later owners as productive fishing waters. In addition to Bliesdorf and Ranft, a Wriezen customs file in 1603 noted Friedland as the most important supplier for the Wriezen fish market. 100 wagons with pike, eel, crabs and other fish arrive here every year. An annual fishing festival on the festival meadow at Klostersee is a reminder of the long fishing tradition.

See also

literature

  • Gustav Fig : The Cistercian nunnery in Old Friedland . In: Germania Sacra. First department: The dioceses of the Church Province of Magdeburg . First volume: The Diocese of Brandenburg . First part. Edited by Gustav Abb and Gottfried Wentz . Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1929. Photomechanical reprint 1963. pp. 349–358.
  • Theodor Fontane : Friedland. In: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg in 8 volumes. Volume 2 Oderland . Gotthard Erler , Rudolf Mingau (ed.), Aufbau-Verlag , Berlin 1997, pp. 159–169. See also the next chapter Kunersdorf. ISBN 3-7466-5702-4 ( chapter Friedland in the text log )
  • Dierk Heerwagen: Out and about in the Märkische Schweiz Nature Park. The most beautiful hiking and cycling tours. Hendrik Bäßler Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-930388-21-9 .
  • Uta Puls: Altfriedland . In: H. Jürgen Feuerstake, Oliver H. Schmidt (Ed.): The Cistercians and their monasteries in Brandenburg. A cultural, historical and tourist guide. Revised and expanded 2nd edition, Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2005, pp. 51–57 ISBN 3-936872-23-6
  • Rudolf Schmidt : Die Herrschaft Friedland: News on the history of old and new Friedland , God's gift , Carlsdorf, Kleinbarnim, Grube, Sietzing, Wuschewier, Lüdersdorf, Biesdorf, Gersdorf, Batzlow, Ringenwalde, Bollersdorf, Pritzhagen, Cunersdorf, Burgwall, Metzdorf, Horst, Wubrigsberg . Series of publications Oberbarnimer Heimatbücher , Vol. 7, ed. from the district committee Oberbarnim, Bad Freienwalde (Oder) 1928.
  • Topographic leisure map 1: 25,000 Märkische Schweiz. Ed .: Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg, Potsdam edition 2009, ISBN 978-3-7490-4070-4 .

Web links

Commons : Klostersee  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b page no longer available , search in web archives: Brandenburg viewer, digital topographic maps 1: 10,000: Klosterseegraben to Klostersee@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / bb-viewer.geobasis-bb.de
  2. a b c d e f g h Brandenburg State Environment Agency. Profile Lakes EC Water Framework Directive: Klostersee near Altfriedland . ( Memento of the original from May 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 163 kB) In addition: Reading aid and explanation of the parameters. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mugv.brandenburg.de
  3. Claus Dalchow, Joachim Kiesel: The Oder reaches into the Elbe region - tension and predetermined breaking points between two river regions (PDF; 2.9 MB). In: Brandenburg Geoscientific Contributions , Ed .: State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg, Kleinmachnow Issue 1/2 2005, p. 81, ISSN  0947-1995 .
  4. ^ LAG Märkische Schweiz e. V .: Natural area Märkische Schweiz.
  5. a b c d e Kerstin Wöbbecke, enviteam office: General non-technical description of the bathing water based on the bathing water profile . In: Ministry of Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (MUGV), LUIS-BB LandesUmwelt / Consumer Information System: Klostersee. Bathing water profile according to Article 6 of Directive 2006/7 / EC and Section 6 of the Ordinance on the Quality and Management of Bathing Water of February 6, 2008 (BbgBadV) . Page 12. ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 104 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.luis.brandenburg.de
  6. Jacqueline Rücker: 10 years of water research in the Scharmützelsee area - trophic and phytoplankton development from 1994 to 2003. ( Memento of the original from November 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 883 kB) Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus, BTU Current Series 3/2004, p. 11 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www-docs.tu-cottbus.de
  7. ^ Federal Environment Agency: Types of water - category 'lake'. ( Memento of the original from May 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.umweltbundesamt.de
  8. State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection, Brandenburg (Ed.): Implementation of the European Water Framework Directive. Contribution of the state of Brandenburg to the management plans and programs of measures of the river basin units Elbe and Oder . (PDF; 4.4 MB) Potsdam, September 2011, p. 66.
  9. ^ State Office for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection, Brandenburg. Altfriedland monastery lake . Classification of bathing water quality. Measured values ​​from May 2 and May 30, 2012. ( Memento of the original from September 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Note: The measurement results are continuously updated by the LUGV. It is therefore possible that the data reproduced in the article are no longer included on the website. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.luis.brandenburg.de
  10. Ministry for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (MUGV), LUIS-BB Landesumwelt / Consumer Information System: Klostersee. Bathing water profile according to Article 6 of Directive 2006/7 / EC and Section 6 of the Ordinance on the Quality and Management of Bathing Water of February 6, 2008 (BbgBadV) . ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 104 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.luis.brandenburg.de
  11. ^ Dierk Heerwagen: Out and about in the Märkische Schweiz Nature Park. ... pp. 64f, 69f.
  12. Jürgen Klawitter, Rainer Altenkamp u. a .: Red list and total species list of mammals (Mammalia) from Berlin. (PDF; 203 kB) Processing status: December 2003. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (ed.): Red lists of endangered plants and animals in Berlin . P. 6. Note: The Berlin list also contains the information for Brandenburg.
  13. ↑ Entire species list and red list of fish and lampreys (Pisces et Cyclostomata) from Berlin: p. 87 – p. 91 in Fish in Berlin - Balance of Species Diversity ", published by the Fisheries Office Berlin
  14. Anglermap. Water profile from Klostersee .
  15. Barbara Weitzel: The lake remains ours. . In: Berliner Zeitung , August 8, 2009.
  16. Brandenburg name book. Part 10. The names of the waters of Brandenburg . Founded by Gerhard Schlimpert , edited by Reinhard E. Fischer . Edited by K. Gutschmidt, H. Schmidt, T. Witkowski. Berlin contributions to name research on behalf of the Humanities Center for History and Culture of East Central Europe eV Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachhaben, Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 , pp. 55, 167.
  17. Reinhard E. Fischer: The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin , Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission, be.bra Wissenschaft verlag, Berlin-Brandenburg 2005, p. 58 ISBN 3-937233-30-X , ISSN  1860-2436 .
  18. Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 349.
  19. Uta Puls, pp. 53, 55f.
  20. Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), pp. 351f, 356f.
  21. Uta Puls, p. 52ff.
  22. List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
  23. Theodor Fontane, pp. 165f.
  24. Uta Puls, p. 57.
  25. Antje Jakupi: On the reconstruction of historical biodiversity from archival sources: The example of the Oderbruch (Brandenburg) in the 18th century (PDF; 10.6 MB). Dissertation to obtain the doctoral degree of the mathematical and natural science faculties of the Georg-August University in Göttingen . Göttingen 2007. On the lake surface 1751 p. 11, quotation from the Wriezen customs file p. 92.