Löcknitz (Spree)

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Löcknitz
upper course: Hoppegartener Fließ, Mühlenfließ;
Lower course: Flakenfließ
Bridge over the Löcknitz in Kienbaum

Bridge over the Löcknitz in Kienbaum

Data
Water code DE : 58278
location Brandenburg , Germany
River system Elbe
Drain over Spree  → Havel  → Elbe  → North Sea
source at the Forsthaus Bienenwerder
52 ° 29 ′ 9 ″  N , 14 ° 3 ′ 17 ″  E
Source height 48  m above sea level NHN
muzzle Dämeritzsee / Spree Coordinates: 52 ° 25 ′ 33 ″  N , 13 ° 45 ′ 3 ″  E 52 ° 25 ′ 33 ″  N , 13 ° 45 ′ 3 ″  E
Mouth height 32.4  m above sea level NHN
Height difference 15.63 m
Bottom slope 0.47 ‰
length 33.3 km,
longest river route 46.5 km
Catchment area 379.228 km²
Discharge at the Grünheide gauge 2
A Eo : 170 km²
Location: 7.2 km above the mouth 		NNQ (03.08.1978)
MNQ 1978–1999
MQ 1978–1999
Mq 1978–1999
 MHQ 1978–1999
HHQ (14.03.1981) 		24 l / s
318 l / s
788 l / s
4.6 l / (s km²)
 1.83 m³ / s
3.36 m³ / s
Drain MQ
 1.7 m³ / s
Right tributaries Stöbberbach , Lichtenower Mühlenfließ , Neue Löcknitz
Flowing lakes Maxsee , Flakensee
Communities Müncheberg (district of Hoppegarten ), Grünheide , Erkner
Löcknitz (Spree) (Barnim)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Location dot cyan.svg
= Löcknitz according to the geographical definition
Location dot red.svg
= Löcknitz federal waterway

The Löcknitz is a right tributary of the Spree in the state of Brandenburg with a length of a good 33 km. The headwaters of the Löcknitz are located in the Märkisch-Oderland district west of Müncheberg . Its catchment area is 378 km², the mean discharge 1.7 m³ / s.

course

The Löcknitz rises with a small pond at the forester's house Bienenwerder between Müncheberg and its district Hoppegarten . The upper course to the Maxsee is also known as the Hoppegartener Fließ. After the outflow from the Maxsee, the Stöbberbach flows from the right after 1.5 km , half a kilometer further at Kienbaum the Lichtenower Mühlenfließ , which previously flowed through four lakes, finally the Liebenberger See . The Löcknitz flows freely meandering from Kienbaum to the Fangschleuse district of Grünheid and has retained natural riverbank structures for more than 20 kilometers, especially in the Löcknitztal nature reserve . At the catch lock the Löcknitz joins the tributary Neue Löcknitz . From here, the current course of the river consists of the Löcknitz Canal, which was created between Werlsee and Flakensee at the beginning of the 20th century . The old river bed is only preserved here in remnants. The Rüdersdorfer Mühlenfließ also flows into the Flakensee . The lowest part of the Löcknitz from Flakensee to the confluence with the Dämeritzsee of the Spree is also called Flakenfließ. The water from the Löcknitz reaches the North Sea via the Spree, Havel and Elbe .

The three river kilometers between the confluence of the Neuen Löcknitz and the outflow from Werlsee , Peetzsee and Möllensee together form the Löcknitz (Lö) federal waterway . Flakensee, “Flakenfließ” and the Dämeritzsee up to the junction of the Gosen Canal at km −0.50 are part of the federal waterway Rüdersdorfer Gewässer .

numbers

- The flow rates in the course on the one hand and those at the mouth on the other come from different sources and are therefore not comparable. -

Length of water and flow rates
  • First confluence:
    • Löcknitz, from Bienenwerder 8.08 km; Discharge at the Neue Mühle gauge (37.3 m above sea level) 0.15 m³ / s
    • Stöbberbach, 9.74 km from the railway bridge in the Roten Luch; Discharge at the Heidekrug gauge 0.17 m³ / s;
  • Confluence at Kienbaum (36.6 m above sea level):
    • Löcknitz, 8.73 km from Bienenwerder; with water from the Stöbberbach 0.32 m³ / s
    • Lichtenower Mühlenfließ , from Ruhlsdorfer See 22.865 km; Discharge at the Liebenberger See gauge: 0.17 m³ / s
  • Confluence at the catch lock ( not at the catch lock!):
    • Löcknitz, from Bienenwerder 28.947 km, discharge 0.24 m³ / s;
    • Neue Löcknitz, including Möllensee 7.598 km, including its tributary 7.979 km
  • Flakensee:
    • Löcknitz, from Bienenwerder 31.92 km, to the outlet: 32.36 km
    • Rüdersdorfer Mühlenfließ, from Strausberg to its mouth 25.141 km, to the outflow 26.49 km
  • Dämeritzsee:
    • Löcknitz, from Bienenwerder: 33.281 km; 1.7 m³ / s;
    • It flows into the Spree

There are no further above-ground tributaries between Kienbaum and the catch lock. The increase in the flow at the catcher lock, which is the long-term average, is therefore exclusively due to the inflow of groundwater .

Catchment areas:
total 379 km²
Rüdersdorfer Mühlenfließ 142 km²
New Löcknitz 48 km²
Lichtenower Mühlenfließ 97 km²
Stöbberbach 24 km²

use

On the lowest section of the river, building material was transported from the lakes on the Neue Löcknitz to the Spree and on this to Berlin in pre-industrial times. Around 1700 a weir was built at the catch lock - after which the settlement is called today. By opening the weir briefly every now and then, tidal waves were generated that made rafting easier. Bricks were later transported on boats, extracted from clay deposits in the Buckower Rinne . In 1902, the Spree-Havel-Dampfschifffahrt-Gesellschaft Stern set up a passenger shipping line with a gasoline-powered motorboat. The construction of the Löcknitz Canal also enabled traffic with larger barges, in the wake of which the Löcknitz (Lö) federal waterway is maintained today. The shipping administration does not conceptually acknowledge that this consists for the most part of the Neue Löcknitz.

geomorphology

Löcknitz in the nature reserve Löcknitztal west of the Kienbaumer village center

Following the Stöbberbach, the Löcknitz flows through the southwestern part of a glacial meltwater channel , the Buckower channel , also known as the Löcknitz / Stöbber channel .

First mentions and etymology

As far as is known, the river was first mentioned in 1247 as Lokeniz . Two years later, a document contained the name Lecnici . The land register of the Zinna monastery recorded the water in 1471 as lokenitz . With the entry at the Löcknitz in 1652, the current spelling can be found for the first time in the hereditary register of the Rüdersdorf office . The name Löcknitz comes from the Slavic settlement period . It is derived from the old Polish basic form Loknica to lokno = water lily .

The Löcknitz near Fontane

Theodor Fontane described the Löcknitz in the walks through the Mark Brandenburg (Volume 4, Spreeland) in 1882 as follows:

“The Löcknitz is one of those many little bodies of water in our march that suddenly emerge from a lynx or a lake and draw a strip of park through our sand and heathland for a short distance. But none of these waters is perhaps more attractive and unknown at the same time than the Löcknitz, which, coming from the red Luche, disappears into one of the lakes between "Erkner" and the Rüdersdorfer Kalkberge. Always the same props, of course; and yet, whoever drives there in the late afternoon on the borderline between forest and meadow, opens up a series of the most graceful landscapes. Here the forest penetrates from both sides and creates a narrowing, there it steps back and the narrow strip of meadow becomes either a field or the river itself a pond, on which the silent nymphaea swim in the shimmer of the setting sun. Every now and then a rushing weir, a sawmill, in between bridges that lead the comfortable forest and meadow path from the right to the left and then again from the left to the right bank. Even the names are poetic: Alt-Buchhorst and Liebenberg, Klein-Wall and Gottesbrück and the Werl and Möllensee in between. Immediately afterwards, however, the prose begins again and the next large expanse of water is called the »Dämeritz«. "

- Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg, 1882.

literature

Web links

Commons : Löcknitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 62 m after automated GPSies information; harmonized with DTK10: just below the 50 m contour line
  2. ↑ stadtentwicklung.berlin.de (PDF)
  3. ↑ a b c State Office for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV), Brandenburg: List of waters. (River), Version 4.1., As of July 14, 2015. p. 31.
  4. ^ German Hydrological Yearbook Elbe Region, Part II 1999 Brandenburg State Environment Agency, p. 131, accessed on November 3, 2018, at: lugv.brandenburg.de (PDF, German).
  5. ↑ a b c d Michael Bergemann: Complete list of flowing waters in the Elbe catchment area . Authority for the Environment and Energy, Hamburg July 1, 2015 ( fgg-elbe.de [PDF; 802 kB ; accessed on November 29, 2015]).
  6. ↑ Jörg Gelbrecht, Gerhard Ziebarth: The NSG "Löcknitztal" . ( Memento from August 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 104 kB) Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries , Interest Group Löcknitztal e. V., without dating.
  7. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Brandenburg viewer, digital topographic maps 1: 25,000, the Löcknitz in Erkner@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / bb-viewer.geobasis-bb.de
  8. ↑ Löcknitz (Lö) . WSA Berlin
  9. ↑ Rüdersdorfer Waters (RüG) . WSA Berlin
  10. ↑ a b c d e Flow rates from 1979 to 1994 according to Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and its catchment area…. P. 12.
  11. ↑ Festschrift for the 25th anniversary of the SpHDG Stern, based on: Kurt Groggert. Passenger shipping on the Spree and Havel . In: Berlin contributions to the history of technology and industrial culture, series of publications by the Museum for Transport and Technology, Vol. 10, p. 120. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung Beuermann GmbH, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-87584-253-7 .
  12. ↑ Brandenburg name book. Part 10. The names of the waters of Brandenburg. Founded by Gerhard Schlimpert, edited by Reinhard E. Fischer . Edited by K. Gutschmidt, H. Schmidt, T. Witkowski. Berlin contributions to name research. On behalf of the Humanities Center for History and Culture of East Central Europe e. V. Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 , p. 171.
  13. ^ Theodor Fontane : Kienbaum. In: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg in 8 volumes. Volume 4: Gotthard Erler , Rudolf Mingau (ed.): Spreeland. Beeskow-Storkow and Barnim-Teltow. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-7466-5704-0 , p. 244, note ( chapter Kienbaum in the text log; see note 28 at the end of the chapter. )