Kienbaum (Grünheide (Mark))

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Kienbaum
Coordinates: 52 ° 27 ′ 17 "  N , 13 ° 57 ′ 24"  E
Height : 44 m above sea level NN
Area : 8.52 km²
Residents : 334  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 39 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 15537
Area code : 033434
Kienbaum (Brandenburg)
Kienbaum

Location of Kienbaum in Brandenburg
Dorfstrasse in Kienbaum, Landesstrasse 385
Dorfstrasse in Kienbaum, Landesstrasse 385

Kienbaum is a district of the Brandenburg municipality of Grünheide, southeast of Berlin in the Oder-Spree district . In July 2011 the place had 294 inhabitants. The rural and secluded village is best known today for the Kienbaum Federal Training Center of the German Olympic Sports Confederation (DOSB) on Lake Liebenberger .

The village is located on the upper reaches of the Löcknitz , which as part of the Buckower Rinne separates the Barnim from the Lebuser Land , and had some strategic importance as a border town in the Middle Ages. In particular, today's part of Liebenberg , which was mentioned as desolate as early as 1247 , probably played an important role in securing the so-called Liebenberger Löcknitz Pass in the time of the German East Settlement , when the Diocese of Lebus was still under Polish influence. Kienbaum itself, unlike Liebenberg east of Loecknitz located, for the first time in 1405 mentioned in the pen registers Lebus, but belonged to no later than 1452 in Jüterbog located Kloster Zinna . With a customs post on the trade route between Berlin and Frankfurt / Oder and a post station on a post road , Kienbaum's importance was retained in the centuries that followed. In the late Middle Ages and in the early modern period , Kienbaum had a name as a place of forest beekeeping ; every year a "bee convention" took place in the village. Mysterious fires in the 1890s inspired the writer Gerhart Hauptmann to write his tragic comedy The Red Rooster , which is reminiscent of a Hauptmann monument with a rooster next to the 1908/1909 newly built village church , which is now listed .

Infrastructure of the village

Location and transport links

Löcknitz Bridge from 2011

Kienbaum is located at the northern end of the municipality of Grünheide. In the east, the district of Kienbaum borders on Steinhöfel (district Jänickendorf), in the northeast on the district Hoppegarten of the city of Müncheberg and in the north-west on the district Zinndorf von Rehfelde . To the west follows the Grünheid district of Kagel . In the south there are extensive forest areas that extend to the Spreetal and also surround the place in the east and west.

Kienbaum is connected to the road network via the L 385 , a state road of the second order. The road leads from the federal highways 1 and  5 to the north, which are united here, via Kienbaum to the south and ends in Hangelsberg at state road 38 . For the now completed new construction of the Kienbaumer Löcknitzbrücke on this street, 580,000 euros from state funds were released in autumn 2010. The place can only be reached by train from the relatively distant train stations Fangschleuse and Hangelsberg ( Berlin – Frankfurt / Oder railway ) or Müncheberg ( Prussian Eastern Railway ). The company Busverkehr Oder-Spree  (BOS) operates a regular bus connection Erkner → Grünheide → Kagel → Kienbaum → Herzfelde .

Population development and local advisory board

While Kienbaum still had 350 inhabitants in 1997, the number fell in the following years to 259 in 2008 and has since increased continuously to 294 in July 2011. In 1939 the number was 235 and in 1933 218 inhabitants. In 1801 172 and 1624 122 people were counted. In 1574 on the occasion of the transfer of the Zinna monastery property during the secularization and in 1471, 24 hooves were given for the village  , the equipment around 1400 was very likely 12 hooves.

year 1405 1471/1574 1624 1734 1772 1801 1858 1895 1925 1939 1946 1964 1971 1997 2007 2011
population (12 hooves) (24 hooves) 122 74 59 172 250 241 224 235 204 224 215 350 262 294

Since the incorporation of Kienbaum into the non-governmental municipality Grünheide on December 31, 2001, a 3-seat local council has represented the interests of the village in an advisory capacity in the Grünheide municipal council . In the election of the Kienbaum local advisory board on September 28, 2008, the two nominees (other parties did not submit any proposals): SPD 306 votes, DIE LINKE 79 votes. The local advisory council consists of two SPD members and a representative of the Left, the local headwoman belongs to the SPD. In the election of the full-time mayor of the community of Grünheide (Mark) on September 11, 2011, the Kienbaumer gave 86 votes to Arne Christiani (non-party, re-elected) and 20 votes to Christiani's only opponent Johannes Düben ( Alliance 90 / The Greens ). Due to the remoteness of the place and its small number of inhabitants (Kienbaum only accounts for around 3.5% of the approximately 8,000 total inhabitants of the municipality of Grünheide, which consists of six districts) and for economic reasons , Telekom spared him from the DSL expansion work in Grünheide in 2008 .

Public life and economy

Fire station in Kienbaum

In addition to the church and a cemetery, the local public facilities consist of the volunteer fire brigade , a youth club, the Eulenbaum daycare center and the village community center (Kienbaumer Bürgerhaus) with a hall and adjoining youth club, which was newly built in 2007 for 355,000 euros. The house is also available to the Kienbaumers for celebrations. The volunteer fire department Kienbaum in the community Grünheide has a zweitoriges fire station , a Löschgruppenfahrzeug type LF 10/6 and a pumper type TLF 16/25 . The Gasthaus Kienbaum , the only restaurant in the village, offers space for 60 guests, two guest rooms for overnight stays and has a beer garden. For the inn, the former Konsum was converted in 1996/97 , which was built in 1974 by residents of Kienbaum as part of the national construction work (NAW) and opened in 1975 on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the GDR . There are no sports clubs in the village; the Federal Kienbaum the DOSB is not open to the public. However, the international 100 km run from Grünheide / Kienbaum ( ultramarathon ) has been taking place in the village since 1976, with a few interruptions every year, which leads largely through forest on a 5 km circuit without significant differences in altitude. In addition, the Kienbaum home festival takes place in summer .

Apart from the Federal Training Center, there are no businesses or companies in Kienbaum, which used to be agricultural, and there are no shops. Small businesses have a painting, electrical installation and tiling company as well as a company for trading in motor vehicles (as of 2012). Some Kienbaumers have found jobs in the Federal Performance Center, which employs around 50 people. Agriculture and tourism are comparatively insignificant, so that some Kienbaumers work in the surrounding centers of Erkner or Müncheberg or in Berlin. However, work is underway on the area's future for tourism. A concept from 2007, in which detailed development steps are planned, says across the board:

Village church from 1908/09

"Grünheide (Mark), with its extensive forest and lake area, the still partially untouched nature and its proximity to Berlin and other interesting excursion destinations, offers unique conditions for an eventful stay and the further development of gentle and largely barrier-free tourism in our region. The three individual cultural landscapes - the chain of lakes from Grünheide (Mark) to Kienbaum, the floodplain landscape of the Löcknitz and the Spreetal - shape this landscape. The opportunities for water, fishing, hiking and cycling tourism are particularly attractive. "

- Grünheide (Mark) community: Concept for the development of local recreation and tourism in Grünheide (Mark) , 2007.

The measures include, among other things, the development of a cycling and hiking trail between Kienbaum and Hangelsberg and, as far as possible, the establishment of a bathing area on Lake Liebenberger See.

Village church

The Gerhart Hauptmann monument and the Protestant village church are located on a small square in the center of the village . The listed church building had several destroyed or burned down previous buildings. A church mentioned in the 15th century fell victim to the flames in the Thirty Years' War and was in ruins until 1699 when it was replaced by a half-timbered building with a hipped roof . In 1769, the simple and interior design of the hall church was roughly doubled and renewed again in 1892/1893. Auguste Victoria , popularly known as “Kirchenjuste”, worked intensively on the construction and interior decoration of today's building, which was newly built in 1908/09 . The white plastered building consists of Rüdersdorfer limestone and has a retracted side tower. The organ from 1880, originally built for a church in Berlin , a gift from the Empress, came from the workshop of the brothers Oswald and Paul Dinse . The pulpit altar dates from the second quarter of the 18th century. The ornate allegories on the parapet depict the town's old main livelihoods: crab, fishing and beekeeping. In 2009 the church was extensively renovated. The old churches Berlin-Brandenburg support group characterizes the architectural style of the church as a Heimatstil .

Natural space and geomorphology

Natural location

Löcknitz in the nature reserve Löcknitztal west of the village center

The village center of Kienbaum is located on the Löcknitz, which has formed north of the village center in a marsh area from the confluence of the Stobberbach and the outflow of the Maxsee . The outflow of the Maxsee (Mühlenfließ) , originally a natural stream, was heavily straightened around 1950. The mill flow is around five to eight meters wide and around 0.5 meters deep. Its flow rate is 5 to 7 cm / s and it is densely overgrown with macrophytes ( aquatic plants visible to the naked eye ) for almost the entire course . Like the Maxsee itself, the slightly shaded river is also highly eutrophic . However, the phytoplankton carried in from the lake in the Löcknitz has already been effectively eliminated after 1.8 kilometers of flow. Likewise north of the village center, the third Löcknitz “source”, the outflow of the Liebenberger See, flows to the river at the so-called water junction Kienbaum. The Liebenberger See forms the north-easternmost link of the four-part and interconnected Kagel chain of lakes. It is followed to the southwest by the Bauernsee , Baberowsee and Elsensee , which is fed by the Lichtenower Mühlenfließ . Occasionally, the Liebenberg lake drain at the Kienbaum Federal Training Center is referred to as a continuation of the Lichtenower Mühlenfließ.

Immediately south of the village center is the elongated Löcknitztal nature reserve , which accompanies the river, which runs roughly east parallel to the Kageler Seenkette and Grünheider Seenkette from Werlsee , Peetzsee and Möllensee , via Klein Wall to the Löcknitzbrücke on the Großer Wall south of Grünheide.

Buckower Rinne (Löcknitz-Stobber-Rinne)

The chain of lakes and the Löcknitztal belong to the Buckower Rinne (also Löcknitz- Stobber -Rinne ), a glacial meltwater channel that formed in the last two phases of the Vistula Ice Age between the dead ice- filled Oderbruch and the Berlin Urstromtal (today's Spreetal) and separates the Barnim plate from the Lebuser plate . This channel, around 30 kilometers long and two to six kilometers wide, drains from the Rotes Luch fen and headwaters area via the Stobber to the northeast to the Oder and via Stobberbach / Löcknitz to the southwest to the Spree.

history

First mentions and etymology

Liebenberg

Information sign about Liebenberg on site. The Stobberbach is recorded with its old name Köpernitz .

Today's Kienbaumer residential area Liebenberg, east of the Löcknitz, was already recorded in 1247 as Oppidum Levenberch in the register of registers of the Lehnin monastery , but at that time it was very likely already desolate . In the entry, the Lehniner abbot Siger testifies as a witness in Spandau that the jointly ruling Margraves Johann I and Otto III. have transferred the possessions around the town of Liebenberg to the Zinna monastery. The land book of Charles IV already lists the name Liebenberg in 1375 . Similar to the many names with the defining word -schön , the choice of name was typical for the German Ostsiedlung. According to Reinhard E. Fischer , the village on a lovely mountain should express something beautiful in order to win over settlers for the new territories of the Mark Brandenburg, founded in 1157 .

The center of Liebenberg was on a sandy island-like hill between the north-eastern shore of the lake, the lake drain, the Stobberbach and the Löcknitz (see map on the right). Finds of broken glass and large urns show that this place was already inhabited by the Slavic period at the latest . In the first half of the 13th century, a German hilltop castle is said to have stood here. The height at the so-called Liebenberger Löcknitzpass most likely played an important strategic function as a connection to the Roten Luch. In the centuries that followed, the pass retained its importance. It was located in the border area between the sphere of influence of the Zinna monastery and the diocese of Lebus - the north-west Maxsee with the village of Hoppegarten belonged to the town of Müncheberg , which was owned by Lebus. In 1375 the Liebenberg customs are occupied, around 1890 the customs house was still standing on today's meadow .

Kienbaum

According to the current state of knowledge, Kienbaum was first mentioned in writing in 1405 in the Lebus monastery register with 12 hooves as Kinbom , de Kynbome and Kynpawm : Kinbom had XII mansos. Tenetur solvere IIII solidos grossorum . Under Fürstenwalde the register lists, according to Herbert Ludat, probably for forest oat interest: Item de Kynbome I chorum ; elsewhere under Heyden Zins , also on Fürstenwalde: VIII gr. der Schulte zu Kynpawm . The name of the place is to to an ancient Kienbaum have received (pine), including the Brandenburg place names book called the etymology of the conifer. Theodor Fontane wrote in the Migrations in 1882 : "According to general assumption, it got its name from a 'Kienbaum', which used to stand in the middle of the village and which went back to the earliest days of German colonization."

According to a more recent - but not yet confirmed - account the name goes back to a colonist leader named Kinbom , who founded Kienbaum in 1394/1396 on behalf of the Bishop of Lebus. This version could be supported by a document dated January 3, 1396, which Adolph Friedrich Riedel reproduces in the Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis under the following heading: The episcopal official Johann Coli transsumed a papal document in which the probate of Breda, the dean of Magdeburg and the archdeacon Lebus the protection of the cathedral monastery Brandenburg against all damage is applied. In this document a Johanne Kinbom is mentioned. In the list of names for all the volumes of the Codex, Riedel assigns this Johann Kinbom to the place Kienbaum.

In contrast, various sources state that Kienbaum was founded in the middle of the 13th century and attribute the foundation to the Zinna monastery. While neighboring villages to the west such as Kagel, Zinndorf or Klosterdorf were built by Zinna with some certainty, this attribution and dating of Kienbaum is controversial in historical studies. All representations are based on the document from 1247, which Johann I. and Otto III. to the abbot Roderich and the monastery Zinna to confirm ownership in Spandau. The only fragmentary document indicates the limits of monastic property and mentions, among other things, the Flakensee and the Löcknitz. In places, only Liebenberg and Lichtenow can be reliably read. From the indication of the Löcknitz as the western border, it was concluded that all places to the west must also have belonged to Zinnaer possession. At least with regard to Kienbaum, this conclusion is very questionable. On the one hand, Kienbaum lies east of the Löcknitz, i.e. in the area of ​​influence of Lebus. Kienbaum also did not mention Charles IV's land book in 1375. There are also indications that the Kienbaumer Zoll even in later years paid taxes to Müncheberg. And above all, the historian Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück pointed out as early as 1832 that there is no definite evidence of Kienbaum's affiliation to Zinna until around / before 1452 and that the village previously belonged to Lebus:

“In 1452 the elector brokered a comparison between the bishop and the cathedral chapter of Lebus on one side, and the Cistercian monastery convent of Zinna on the other, because of the pasture of the village of Kienbom on the heath; from which it can be seen that at that time the village belonged to the possessions of the Zinna bey Luckenwalde monastery located around Rüdersdorf. "

- Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück : 'History of the former diocese of Lebus and the land of this name

Günter Kunert decided in his study of the Cistercian villages on the Barnim from 2008: "Kienbaum [...] is out of the founding of the Zinna monastery." It remains unclear exactly when and why Kienbaum came to Zinna.

Disputes over the Barnim in the German East Settlement

At least the founding of Liebenberg in the time of the German East Settlement was very likely not only directed against Lebus, but also played a role in the internal German disputes between the Wettins , Magdeburgers and Ascanians over the Barnim. According to Helmut Assing, there is much to suggest that the Magdeburg citizens originally called the monks of the Zinna Monastery, which they founded in 1170, to the new land to secure the Löcknitz-Stobber line after their unsuccessful efforts to protect Lebus. On the east side, Lebus founded various monasteries to protect against it. The Magdeburg and Wettin troops attacked the no man's land west of the Löcknitz-Stobber line. It was not until 1244, with the end of the Teltow War and the Magdeburg War , that the Ascanians finally brought the Barnim and with it the extensive Zinna possessions under their control.

Late Middle Ages and early modern times, Zeidlerei

House in Kienbaum

Until the secularization of the monastery in 1553, Kienbaum remained under the rule of Zinna. Then the place came to the office of Rüdersdorf , where he stayed until 1872.

Both in the Hussite Wars in the 15th century and in the Thirty Years War (1618–1648), Kienbaum was devastated, but rebuilt again and again. In the middle of the 17th century a small village was built around the church with a jug and later a school. The watermill on the west side of the Löcknitz, already mentioned in 1471, was largely spared in the fighting. In 1574 the Rüdersdorf inheritance register noted : “Every year, the Kienbomsche Zeidler have to give 1 tonne of honey to the Rüdersdorf office each year, and on the same day when they had their meal they receive a mutton, 1 tonne of beer and a bushel of bread from the office. The subjects of Kienbaum serve the elector on the hunt. ”For several centuries the village was an important place of Zeidlerei (forest beekeeping). With regard to the Kienbaumer bee convents, at which Beutner and Zeidler from Barnim and Lebuser Land met every year in August , Fontane stated:

“What brings us to this heath village today and around the summer is not the poetry of its quiet little houses, that is simply the fact that the village of Kienbaum was a conference venue a hundred years ago and even further back, where the Brandenburg beekeepers or at least at least the beekeepers of Lebus and Barnim met to discuss their affairs. […] While in the old days it was, to all appearances, a matter of exclusively business regulations, this convention had become a semi-scientific meeting of experts under King Friedrich Wilhelm I , where products were presented, results communicated and improvements in the Beekeeping advised based on experiences made in the meantime. "

- Theodor Fontane : Walks through the Mark Brandenburg. 1882.

Until the crayfish plague ended this source of income in the 1870s, catching fish and crab in the Löcknitz was an important branch of the economy for the Kienbaumer. Until 1800 the place remained the customs and post station on the Handelsstrasse and Poststrasse between Berlin and Frankfurt / Oder .

Mysterious Fires and The Red Rooster

Gerhart Hauptmann monument with the rooster

In the years 1891, 1893, 1894 and 1896 a mysterious series of fires broke out in Kienbaum that could never be solved. The incidents inspired Gerhart Hauptmann to write his tragic comedy The Red Rooster , which he published in 1901 as a sequel to his "thief comedy" The Beaver Fur from 1893. Among other things, he addresses arson and insurance fraud. After the insurance company refused to co-finance fire-proof roofs in the village, several houses suddenly burned down and the "inconsolable" owners collected substantial insurance sums. Arson cannot be proven. Hauptmann lived in nearby Erkner from 1885 to 1889 and was a frequent guest of his brother-in-law Moritz Heimann in Kagel. The captain's monument, crowned by a rooster, on the village square today commemorates the poet and the events.

Agricultural production cooperative in the GDR era

In 1946, 80 hectares of land were expropriated and divided among eight farm laborers and landless farmers. In the so-called "collectivization phase" of the GDR between 1952 and 1960 with the state-organized amalgamation of private companies to form large cooperative companies, an agricultural production cooperative  (LPG) of initially rather rare type III with seven members was established in 1958, which farmed 222 hectares of usable area in 1958. In 1960 the LPG had 361 hectares of cultivated land.

literature

Web links

Commons : Kienbaum (Grünheide)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Community and district directory of the state of Brandenburg. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg (LGB), accessed on June 21, 2020.
  2. ↑ Manja Wilde: Money flowed in 50 places . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , December 30, 2010.
  3. ↑ Line network, timetables. Busverkehr Oder-Spree GmbH
  4. ↑ a b data and facts. Grünheide (Mark) community
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Niederbarnim district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Ernst Fidicin: The Territories of the Mark Brandenburg…. P. 132
  7. ↑ Ernst Fidicin: The Territories of the Mark Brandenburg… S. 75 f.
  8. ↑ a b c d Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg.
  9. ^ Changes in the municipalities in Germany . StBA, see 2001
  10. ↑ Main statute of the community of Grünheide (Mark) from February 27, 2009 ( Memento of February 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 50 kB) community of Grünheide (Mark)
  11. ↑ Announcement of the result for the election of the local advisory board of the Kienbaum district on Sunday, September 28, 2008. ( Memento from May 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 14 kB) Grünheide (Mark) community
  12. ^ Result of the election of the full-time mayor in the community of Grünheide (Mark) on September 11, 2011 . ( Memento of the original from May 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 24 kB) Grünheide community (Mark) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gemeinde-gruenheide-mark.de
  13. ↑ Kagel and Kienbaum also want DSL . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , December 19, 2008.
  14. ^ Official Journal for the Grünheide Office (Mark) .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 111 kB) Volume 8, No. 09/01, September 22, 2001, p. 15.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.gemeinde-gruenheide-mark.de  
  15. ↑ New construction of a community center / youth club . Engineering office Große & Partner
  16. ↑ Our vehicles . ( Memento from September 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Grünheide fire brigade (Mark)
  17. ↑ History . Kienbaum Inn
  18. ↑ 30th international 100 kilometer run from Grünheide / Kienbaum . ( Memento from May 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) German Ultramarathon Association
  19. ↑ 100 km run from Grünheide / Kienbaum . Runner's World
  20. ↑ Kienbaum local festival .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Grünheide community@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.tourismus-gruenheide.de  
  21. ↑ team . Federal Training Center Kienbaum
  22. ↑ Concept for the development of local recreation and tourism in Grünheide (Mark) , 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 35 kB) Grünheide community (Mark)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.tourismus-gruenheide.de  
  23. ^ Heinrich Jerchel, Joachim Seeger (editor): The art monuments of the province of Mark Brandenburg . Volume 3 Part 4: The art monuments of the Niederbarnim district. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin 1939, p. 129f.
  24. ↑ The Church and the Empress . In: Kienbaum-Information (information brochure) ( Memento from March 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 4.1 MB) Bundesleistungszentrum Kienbaum, Kienbaum 2011, p. 33.
  25. ↑ Kienbaum Church. , accessed June 13, 2014.
  26. ^ The church in Kienbaum . ( Memento from September 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Grünheide community
  27. ↑ Open Churches 2012 . Support group old churches Berlin-Brandenburg
  28. ↑ Michael Böhme: oxygen balance, seston retention and [...] , pp. 60, 66
  29. ↑ Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and their catchment area ... , p. 12.
  30. ↑ Surface water level in operation of the LUGV .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 48 kB) State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV), LUGV / Ö4, status 04/2012, p. 6@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.mugv.brandenburg.de  
  31. ↑ Claus Dalchow, Joachim Kiesel: The Oder reaches into the Elbe area - tension and predetermined breaking points between two river areas . (PDF; 2.9 MB). In: Brandenburg Geoscientific Contributions , Issue 1/2 2005, p. 81. State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg, Kleinmachnow, ISSN  0947-1995 .
  32. ↑ Natural area Märkische Schweiz . LAG Märkische Schweiz e. V.
  33. ^ Stephan Warnatsch: History of the Lehnin Monastery 1180–1542. Studies on the history, art and culture of the Cistercians. Vol. 12.1. Freie Universität Berlin, Diss. 1999. Lukas, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-931836-45-2 , pp. 337, 399
  34. ↑ a b c Kienbaum . Grünheide community
  35. ^ Stephan Warnatsch: History of the Lehnin Monastery 1180–1542. Register directory. Vol 12.2., ISBN 3-931836-46-0 , entry no.91
  36. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer: The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin , Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission. be.bra Wissenschaft verlag, Berlin-Brandenburg 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , p. 104, ISSN  1860-2436 .
  37. ↑ On-site information board from 2004
  38. ↑ Herbert Ludat: The Lebuser Stiftsregister from 1405 , pp. 9, 27, 33, 101.
  39. ↑ a b c d Reinhard Große, Walter Martins, Lothar Runge: […] Grünheider Hefte 2 , p. 80 f.
  40. ^ Theodor Fontane : Kienbaum. In: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg . Volume 4 ( Spreeland ) "Right of the Spree" - Kienbaum.
  41. ↑ Sonja Jenning: Unobstructed view of the sunset. Keyword: Kienbaum . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , August 20, 2007, p. 13 (Spree Journal). The underlying source is said to be among the documents of the Brandenburg House in Fürstenwalde, but has not yet been found there.
  42. ↑ Günter Kunert, pp. 26, 31.
  43. ↑ Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, first main part, Volume VIII, Berlin 1847, p. 373 ff.
  44. ↑ Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, list of names for all volumes, Volume II, Berlin 1868, p. 144.
  45. ^ Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück : History of the former Diocese of Lebus and the country of this name , Volume 3, Berlin 1829, p. 195 f.
  46. ↑ Günter Kunert, p. 26.
  47. ↑ Helmut Assing: Who brought the Zinna Monastery to what is now Barnim? P. 70 ff.
  48. ↑ Ernst Fidicin : The Territories of the Mark Brandenburg…. P. 76
  49. ^ Theodor Fontane : Kienbaum. In: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg . Volume 4 ( Spreeland ) "Right of the Spree" - Kienbaum.
  50. ↑ Gerhart Hauptmann . Literary port
  51. ^ Hauptmann monument in Kienbaum