Lichtenower Mühlenfließ

Lichtenower Mühlenfließ Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ, Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ, Garzower Mühlenfließ
The river just before its mouth
Data
Water code	DE : 582784
location	Brandenburg , Germany
River system	Elbe
Drain over	Löcknitz  → Spree  → Havel  → Elbe  → North Sea
source	Ruhlsdorfer See, Ruhlsdorfer Bruch nature reserve, south of Ruhlsdorf 52 ° 33 ′ 55 ″  N , 13 ° 59 ′ 22 ″  E
Source height	62  m above sea level NHN
muzzle	Löcknitz coordinates: 52 ° 27 '54 "  N , 13 ° 57' 52"  E 52 ° 27 '54 "  N , 13 ° 57' 52"  E
Mouth height	36.6  m above sea level NHN
Height difference	25.4 m
Bottom slope	1.1 ‰
length	22.9 km
Catchment area	96.98 km²
Flowing lakes	Elsensee , Baberowsee , Bauernsee , Liebenberger See
Medium-sized cities	Strausberg
Communities	Garzau-Garzin , Rehfelde , Rüdersdorf , Grünheide

Source (light blue marks) and confluence with the Löcknitz (green mark)

The Lichtenower Mühlenfließ (also Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ , Zinndorfer Fließ , or Garzower Mühlenfließ ) is a 22.78 kilometer long stream in the Brandenburg districts of Märkisch-Oderland and Oder-Spree . The river is named after the village of Lichtenow .

The partly natural, partly strongly straightened brook has its source in the Ruhlsdorfer Bruch nature reserve or in the Ruhlsdorfer See. It drains the Barnim plateau around Garzau-Garzin into the Elsensee , where it reaches the Buckower Rinne (also: Löcknitz - Stobber Rinne ). The waters of the Elsensee, the most south-westerly link in a chain of lakes, reach the Löcknitz via the Baberowsee → Bauernsee → Liebenberger See and are thus fed into the Spree . Although, formally speaking, this river forms the upper part of the catchment area of ​​the Löcknitz, it was not and is not perceived and referred to as the Löcknitz headwaters. It is an independent, small flowing body of water, from whose erosion base (Elsensee) another runoff emanates. The inlet and outlet of the Maxsee were officially defined as the upper reaches of the Löcknitz, although this body of water is less water-rich and shorter than the Lichtenower Mühlenfließ up to the confluence.

Characteristic and protection

Structural data and water quality

Male of the blue-winged demoiselle, which is endangered according to the Brandenburg Red List, in the river

The Lichtenower Mühlenfließ is characterized partly as a near-natural flowing water, partly as a strongly straightened, medium-sized, sandy-muddy, unshaded brook with a low flow speed and low structural diversity . No pollution of the water quality is noticeable, the accompanying fauna is moderately demanding. In 2007, larvae of a mayfly , which are important bioindicators for water quality, from the genus Baetis were detected in macrozoobenthos at nine sampling sites - including at Lichtenower Mühlenfließ - in Brandenburg and in the entire north German lowlands . The Baetis nexus Navás, 1918 (syn.B. pentaphlebodes Újhelyi, 1966), which according to the Red List is threatened with extinction in many parts of Germany and listed as endangered in Germany as a whole , inhabits all types of flowing lowland brooks , whereby this potamal species already from western Poland, according to the zoologists known and therefore expected for zoogeographical reasons. The river is also part of the concept for securing water margins, an initiative launched in 2011 by the State Office for the Environment Brandenburg Brandenburg (MUGV) to assess the spatial development potential of water bodies with relevance for the Water Framework Directive due to spatial availability .

Landscape protection area

Under the name of the low-lying system of the Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ and its receiving waters , the part of the stream in the Märkisch-Oderland district, which covers the majority of the river, was designated as a landscape protection area on November 14, 2001 with around 1104 hectares .

Woods and meadows in the open country near Lichtenow

Crimson clover in a meadow next to the flow

In the ordinance, under Section 3, Paragraphs 1 and 2, the following is stated under the protective purpose :

• 1. the preservation, development or restoration of the diversity, uniqueness and beauty of the landscape in the area of ​​the affected districts, in particular
  • - the glacial drainage channels as typical landscape elements of Pleistocene origin for the natural area
  • - the natural and near-natural rivers as typical landscape structures and natural factors of landscape formation
  • - the other woody structures that shape and structure the landscape ( polluted willow trees , field hedges , field trees , rows of trees, etc.)
• 2. Maintaining, restoring and developing the efficiency of the ecosystem in the affected area, in particular through
  • - the preservation, restoration and development of the network of particularly valuable biotope complexes of natural and near-natural flowing waters, wet meadows , wet meadows rich in sedges and rushes , spring areas, reed beds , moors, quarry, bog and alluvial forests and the biotope complexes of the various other forest and woody stands, taking into account agricultural and forestry use
  • - the preservation, restoration and development of the networking of the biotopes of the lowlands with the adjacent biotope complexes
  • - the preservation, restoration and development of cultural and semi-cultural formations that are valuable as habitats for numerous plant and animal species
  • - the maintenance, restoration and development of a natural or near-natural course of the flowing waters including a natural or near-natural depth of the river beds
  • - the preservation, restoration and development of the best possible water quality in the waters.

course

The flow length is 22.797 kilometers. The source height is at least 60.5 meters (height of the Garziner Haussee, no information is available for the Ruhlsdorfer See), the mouth height (Elsensee) is 38.7 meters. Overall, the water flows through the areas of five Brandenburg cities or communities.

Headwaters of the NSG Ruhlsdorfer Bruch / Ruhlsdorfer See

The creek rises south of the village Ruhlsdorf , a living space of the district Hohenstein the city Strausberg in the district Oderland, on the moraine of the Barnim on the western edge of the Brandenburg Switzerland . The river takes its starting point in the 168 hectare nature reserve Ruhlsdorfer Bruch or in the Ruhlsdorfer See, which forms part of the Bruch. The riparian forests of the protected area and the stream are habitat for eagles and the otters, which are endangered according to the Red List in Brandenburg . The aquatic vegetation is dominated by the flowering buttercup and the water star . The stream leaves the lake in a south-westerly direction and takes a southerly direction at the exit of the nature reserve.

Meltwater channel and Langer See

Common toad pair in the spawning waters of the Long Lake , 2011

The clear water flows on through a meltwater side channel that extends from the NSG to the Brandsee and in which several lakes are lined up. In Garzin the stream reaches the Steigsee , then the Garziner Haussee and passes the listed village church a few meters west at the southern exit of the village. A little later it flows through the Langen See , which stretches from northeast to southwest , and is 34 hectares of the largest body of water in the glacial channel. Common toads that are particularly protected according to the Federal Species Protection Ordinance (BArtSchV) live in the spawning waters , although they are only classified as endangered in the Brandenburg Red List . The lake is located directly on the R1 European cycle route . A small fraction , the flow turns west and takes in the castle park Garzau the outflow of comprehensive one hectare fire lake on. Count Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Schmettau had the landscape park laid out in 1780.

At the exit of the meltwater channel, the stream forms a semicircle around a small forest and turns to the south (slightly southwest). It maintains this direction of flow up to its mouth. With the Alte Heerstraße in Garzau he passes the first street in his run. At the Alte Mühle Garzau it takes up the runoff from a nature-protected swamp area to the northwest and then crosses the border to Rehfelde . He leaves the Rehfelde station to the west and crosses under the route of the Prussian Eastern Railway . Past the Rehfeld district of Werder, the stream flows through open terrain and takes up two more short rivers near Zinndorf in a wetland area criss-crossed by ditches. In Lichtenow , part of the municipality of Rüdersdorf , he arrives at his eponymous village: (Village of the) shining, bright, probably sunlit meadow , from Middle Low German light = shining, bright . Through still open terrain, it flows slightly to the south-west and passes under the federal highways 1 and  5 that are combined here .

Mouth of the chain of lakes and contribution to the Löcknitz

The stream just before it flows into the Elsensee

Outflow of the Liebenberger See with fish ladder - continuation of the Lichtenower mill flow?

Beyond this Chausseestrasse , he leaves the Märkisch-Oderland district at the edge of a forest area and arrives at the Kagels district, part of the Grünheide community in the Oder-Spree district. At the Youth Education and Recreation Center Kagel the Berlin district office center he turns east and ends after a short run parallel to the north coast in the Elsensee.

The Lichtenower Mühlenfließ comes to an end here (see introductory above), but the water flows over the interconnected chain of lakes from Elsensee via Baberowsee and Bauernsee to Liebenberger See , whose short runoff to Löcknitz is also officially known as Mühlenfließ and occasionally as Lichtenower Mühlenfließ is understood. The State Office for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV), in the list of surface water levels in the LUGV operation from 2012, describes the level of the Liebenberg lake runoff at the Kienbaum Federal Training Center of the German Olympic Sports Confederation (DOSB) as the Liebenberger See / Lichtenower Mfl outlet. The Heimatstube Grünheide noted in an exhibition on the local history in May 2012 on a display board to the Löcknitz and its tributaries (here the Lichtenower is referred to as the Zinndorfer Fließ ):

“Immediately before the Kienbaumer road bridge, the Löcknitz takes the 3rd source stream. He has come the farthest way. Its origins lie in a series of lakes and ponds near Ruhlsdorf. The stream flows past Garzin, Garzau, Werder, Zinndorf and Lichtenau, flows through the Kagel chain of lakes and flows into the Löcknitz near the sports school. "

- Grünheide home parlor, exhibition on the history of Grünheide, display board, 2012.

Eva Driescher, geographer at the Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries , names the Elsensee as the erosion base of the stream (see introductory above), but elsewhere also counts the Liebenberg lake runoff as one of the three “source” rivers of the Löcknitz. This river takes the name Löcknitz just above the tributary from the Liebenberger See at the merging of the Stobberbach with the Maxsee drain (another mill flow ). According to Driescher, hydrological measurements on an annual average from 1979 to 1994 showed the following contributions from the three Löcknitz "sources" at the discharge of the Löcknitz near Kienbaum ( MQ ):

• Mühlenfließ, outflow of the Maxsee, gauge Neue Mühle: 0.15 m³ / s
• Stobberbach, Heidekrug gauge: 0.17 m³ / s
• Mühlenfließ, Liebenberger See discharge level: 0.17 m³ / s.

It is not known to what extent the flow rate of the Liebenberger See corresponds to the inflow of the Elsensee. The chain of lakes does not have any other noteworthy tributaries, but it may have groundwater injections .

Web links

Commons : Lichtenower Mühlenfließ  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

• Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and its catchment area - location, morphology, geo- and hydrogeology and hydrology of the river basin. (PDF; 4.4 MB) In: Water Ecology in Northern Germany. Volume 3, 1996, pp. 7-14.
• Reinhard Müller, Arne Haybach, Jörg Schönfelder: First record of Baetis nexus Navás, 1918 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) for Brandenburg. (PDF; 683 kB) In: Lauterbornia. International journal for freshwater fauna and flora. No. 62 (2008), pp. 59-64, Erik Mauch Verlag, Dinkelscherben, ISSN  0935-333X .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 62 m after automated GPSies information; Harmonized with DTK10: an adjacent area of ​​the valley basin, connected to the pond by a non-water-bearing channel (municipal boundary), is below 62.5 m above sea level. NHN
2. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Brandenburg-Viewer: DTK10, mouth
3. ↑ ^{a b} State Office for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV), Brandenburg: List of waters. (River), Version 4.1., As of July 14, 2015. p. 31.
4. ↑ Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and its catchment area ... p. 7. Note: Publications and lists ( example  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove it this note .; PDF; 93 kB) of the Ministry for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection Brandenburg (MUGV) use the designation Lichtenower Mühlenfließ , while (especially tourist) maps often indicate the stream as Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ . Older official maps, until some time ago also the geobasis-bb.de , only contained the information Mühlenfließ without any additional information .  
5. ↑ Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and its catchment area ... p. 7.
6. ↑ Stadtwiki Strausberg: Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ . ( Memento of the original from September 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
7. ↑ Reinhard Müller, Arne Haybach and Jörg Schönfelder: First record of […]. P. 62.
8. ↑ Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany (BINOT et al. 1998) - Register, p. 21. ( Memento of the original from March 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 458 kB) 
9. ↑ Reinhard Müller, Arne Haybach and Jörg Schönfelder: First record of […] . Pp. 59, 63.
10. ↑ Recommendations for safeguarding waterfront areas in the state of Brandenburg .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 823 kB) Client: State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection Brandenburg. Processing: LUFTBILD Brandenburg GmbH Planners + Engineers. Königs Wusterhausen 2011, p. 4, 22.  
11. ^ Ordinance on the declaration of parts of the landscape as a landscape protection area "Lower system of the Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ and its receiving waters" . District of Märkisch-Oderland. November 2001 (PDF; 57 kB)
12. ↑ Brandenburg-Viewer, Digital Topographic Maps 1: 10,000 (click on the menu).
13. ↑ Jürgen Klawitter, Rainer Altenkamp u. a .: Red list and total species list of mammals (Mammalia) from Berlin. (PDF; 203 kB) Processing status: December 2003. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (ed.): Red lists of endangered plants and animals in Berlin . Note: The Berlin list also contains the information for Brandenburg.
14. ↑ EuroNatur: NSG Ruhlsdorfer Bruch
15. ↑ Klaus-Detlef Kühnel, Andreas Krone, Axel Biehler: Red list and total species list of amphibians and reptiles of Berlin. ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 146 kB) As of December 2003, p. 5. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (Ed.): Red lists of endangered plants and animals in Berlin. Note: The Berlin list also contains the information for Brandenburg. 
16. ↑ Seenland Oder-Spree: Langer See Garzin .
17. ↑ Stadtwiki Strausberg: Langer See . ( Memento of the original from September 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
18. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin. Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission. be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , p. 104.
19. ↑ Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science, Berlin: Youth Education and Recreation Center Kagel . Last update: 2007. ( Memento of the original from August 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
20. ↑ State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV): Surface water level in the operation of the LUGV (source: LUGV / Ö4, status 04/2012), p. 6.  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 48 kB)  
21. ↑ ^{a b} Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and its catchment area ... p. 12.