Elsensee (Grünheide)

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Elsensee
Elsensee 01a.jpg
View from the eastern north bank (at the confluence of the Lichtenower Mühlenfließ ) to the east bank
Geographical location Germany , Brandenburg
Tributaries Lichtenower Mühlenfließ
Drain to Baberowsee → Bauernsee → Liebenberger See → Mühlenfließ → Löcknitz → Spree
Places on the shore Kagel
Data
Coordinates 52 ° 27 '24 "  N , 13 ° 53' 8"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 27 '24 "  N , 13 ° 53' 8"  E
Elsensee (Grünheide) (Brandenburg)
Elsensee (Grünheide)
Altitude above sea level 38.7  m above sea level NHN
surface 18 ha
length 1400 mdep1
width 580 mdep1
Maximum depth 3.5 m
Middle deep 2.0 m

The Elsensee is an 18  hectare body of water in Kagel , a district of the Brandenburg municipality of Grünheide in the Oder-Spree district .

The Lichtenower Mühlenfließ flows into the water and mainly feeds water from the Barnim plateau around Garzau-Garzin into the lake. The Rinnensee , which extends from southwest to northeast, is part of the four-part Kageler Seenkette, which has no other noteworthy tributaries apart from the Mühlenfließ and drains via the Löcknitz into the Spree . Like the entire chain of lakes, the Elsensee was owned by the Zinna monastery in the Middle Ages . Its name refers to the Low German word Else for (black) alder .

Location and geomorphology

Geographical location and surroundings

The Elsensee is east of the Kagel-Möllensee settlement on the state road  232, which leads via Lichtenow to Rehfelde and north of Kagel crosses the federal highways 1 and  5, which are combined here . To the east follows the Baberowsee, which is connected to the Elsensee by a ditch . In the southwest of the same closes after the local situation Möllensee Möllensee of which forms the first member of the three-piece green Heider lakes chain. This chain of lakes has no connection to the Elsensee or the Kageler chain of lakes and drains south-west into the Neue Löcknitz (Löcknitz Canal). A cottage settlement ( Datschen ) takes up around three quarters of the bank . Not far from the north bank is the now closed (as of 2012) youth education and recreation center Kagel of the Berlin District Office Mitte . The lake is largely surrounded by forest, which in some unpopulated areas reaches the shore. To the northeast follows a moor area that extends to the Baberowsee. At the southern tip there is a bathing area with a beach.

Elsensee (Grünheide) (Barnim)
 
 
Löcknitz - Stöbber channel; Elsensee with light blue stamp

topography

The Elsensee lies at a height of 38.7 meters above sea ​​level . Its area is usually given as 18 hectares, deviating figures are 18.9 and 16.9 hectares. The mean depth is 2 meters, the maximum depth 3.5 meters. The water has an extension of around 1400 meters from northeast to southwest and around 580 meters from north to south.

Kageler Seenrinne

The body of water is the westernmost part of the Kageler Seenkette through which the lower reaches of the Lichtenower Mühlenfließ flows (from southwest to northeast) Elsensee → Baberowsee → Bauernsee → Liebenberger See , which drains into the Löcknitz via its northernmost link, the Liebenberger See . The gradient in the water chain is extremely small. Only from Elsensee (37.7 m) to Baberowsee (38.6 m) there is a difference of 10 centimeters, the two following lakes are also at a height of around 38.6 meters above sea level. NN. The Löcknitz flows east parallel to the lakes and flows into the Spree in the Berlin glacial valley . The Löcknitz arises north of the chain of lakes through the confluence of the Stobberbach and the outflow of the Maxsee . The chain of lakes and the Löcknitztal belong to the Buckower Rinne (also: Löcknitz- Stöbber -Rinne ), a glacial meltwater channel that formed in the last two phases of the Vistula Ice Age between the dead ice- filled Oderbruch and the Berlin Urstromtal (today's Spreetal) and separates the Barnim plate from the Lebuser plate . This channel, around 30 kilometers long and two to six kilometers wide, drains from the Rotes Luch moorland and headwaters via the Stöbber to the northeast to the Oder and via Stobberbach / Löcknitz to the southwest to the Spree.

Lichtenower Mühlenfließ

The Lichtenower Mühlenfließ (also Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ , Zinndorfer Fließ , or Garzower Mühlenfließ flows into the Elsensee on the northeastern bank and leaves the lake 300 m southeast of this mouth. Official maps such as the digital topographic map 1: 10,000 only contained the information Mühlenfließ without any additions. In the meantime, this deficiency has been remedied and the chain of lakes is included in the flow. The approximately 17.3 kilometers long, partly natural, partly strongly straightened creek rises in the nature reserve Ruhlsdorfer Bruch or in the Ruhlsdorfer See on the boundary of the town of Strausberg belonging Ruhlsdorf . It drains the Barnim plateau around Garzau-Garzin - in the upper course through a meltwater side channel  - from north to southwest into the Elsensee and forms the only noteworthy tributary of the Kageler Seenkette. It is significantly longer than this to its confluence with the Löcknitz the Löcknitz has a larger discharge than the Lichtenowe r mill flow. At the next higher junction, the one with the Stöbberbach , it has more water, but the Löcknitz is longer. The current definitions are therefore well founded.

The Brandenburg State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV) lists in the list of surface water levels in the operation of the LUGV from 2012 the level of the Liebenberg lake runoff at the Kienbaum Federal Training Center of the German Olympic Sports Confederation (DOSB) outlet Liebenberger See / Lichtenower Mfl. The Liebenberg lake runoff is consistently referred to in the specialist literature as the third Löcknitz “source”. According to Driescher, hydrological measurements between 1979 and 1994 resulted in the following contributions from the three Löcknitz "sources" at the discharge of the Löcknitz near Kienbaum´ ( MQ ):

  • Mühlenfließ, outflow of the Maxsee, gauge Neue Mühle: 0.15 m³ / s
  • Stobberbach, Heidekrug gauge: 0.17 m³ / s
  • Mühlenfließ, Liebenberger See discharge level: 0.17 m³ / s.

It is not known to what extent the flow rate of the Liebenberger See corresponds to the inflow of the Elsensee. The chain of lakes does not have any other noteworthy tributaries, but it may have groundwater injections .

Flora and fauna

Parts of the Elsensee are surrounded by a thick belt of reeds . In the field after the coming bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV) in Germany specially protected liverwort ago. Perennial and herbaceous arrow herbs stand out among the marsh and aquatic plants . The flower of the year 1992, the round-leaved sundew , which is classified as endangered by the Brandenburg Red List, can be found on boggy ground . The lake is the kingfisher's hunting ground , twice bird of the year in Germany and 2006 bird of the year in Switzerland . According to Section 10 Paragraph 2 No. 5 and No. 11 BNatSchG, the bird is a strictly protected species in Germany .

According to the Red List in Brandenburg , eels , pikeperch and catfish are found in the lake . Insofar as the fish fauna in the interconnected lakes is identical, evidence from 2006 also shows the following occurrences on the fish ladder to Lake Liebenberger See: roach , lead , hazel , tench , ruff , bleak , pike , bream , chub and gable .

history

First mentions and etymology

View from the west bank to the northeast

The lake was, if known, the first time in 1574 in Erbregister of Rüdersdorf as the oil See mentioned in writing. In the same register it is recorded in 1652 as the Ölß See . In the general designation and description of all in the Chur Mark and incorporated lands and / or bodies of water that touch the same, as rivers, streams, Lücher, brooks, canals, ditches, lakes, puddles, ponds [...] etc. he becomes the Eltzer in 1745 and in the Urmes table sheet of 1843 it is mentioned separately with its current name Elsen See . With the identical basic shape, a brook with the Olsen flies was indicated as early as 1471 in the land register of the Cistercian monastery Zinna . The Brandenburg name book lists this entry under Elsenfließ and states Bach near Kagel as the location . Since this Elsenfließ is located elsewhere two kilometers west of Kagel with the same reference to 1471, it could be a former name for the Lichtenower Mühlenfließ, unless a stream that has now dried up is meant.

Etymologically there is the special feature that the original name , which dates back to the Slavic settlement period, was assigned to Else in German , which coincidentally corresponds to the etymology. The old Sorbian basic form Ol'š- is interpreted as a relationship adjective from Ol'ša = alder . This name was Germanized. While the names such as Elsbruch , Elslake, Elsenfließ, etc., which are particularly common in Brandenburg , usually go back to the Low German Els , also for alder , the name of the Elsensee comes from Slavonic. Assumptions that the German Els was borrowed from the Slavic Ol'ša (also Polish olsza for alder ) have not been confirmed, according to Jürgen Kunze, since the German basic form could already be proven in older Germanic language levels .

Monastery property

Like all Green Heider lakes and areas was also the Elsensee from the mid-13th century to the secularization very likely in possession of at Jüterbog located Zinna Abbey . Kagel made the Cistercian monks a kind of base and built a so-called field monastery on the banks of the Baberowsee. With their large-scale water management and hydraulic engineering measures, which included the construction of numerous water mills on the rivers and lake drains, the monks made a significant contribution to the development and settlement of the Mark during the German settlement in the east . The trade route from Berlin to Lebus and Frankfurt / Oder ran over the so-called Kageler “Seenpass” between the Baberow and Bauernsee lakes and over the “Löcknitzpass” in Liebenberg .

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Elsensee  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and its catchment area […]. P. 13.
  2. ^ A b Bathing lakes in Germany: Elsensee .
  3. ↑ Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science, Berlin: Youth Education and Recreation Center Kagel . Last update: 2007. ( Memento of the original from August 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.berlin.de
  4. ↑ a b page no longer available , search in web archives: Brandenburg viewer, digital topographic maps 1: 10,000: Elsensee and Lichtenower Mühlenfließ@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / bb-viewer.geobasis-bb.de
  5. ^ Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and its catchment area [...]. P. 7, 12.
  6. ↑ Claus Dalchow, Joachim Kiesel: The Oder reaches into the Elbe region - tension and predetermined breaking points between two river regions (PDF; 2.9 MB). In: Brandenburg Geoscientific Contributions , Ed .: State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg, Kleinmachnow Issue 1/2 2005, p. 81, ISSN  0947-1995 .
  7. ^ LAG Märkische Schweiz e. V .: Natural area Märkische Schweiz.
  8. ↑ Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and their catchment area ... , p. 7. Note: Publications and lists ( example  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and remove it then this note .; PDF; 93 kB) of the Ministry for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection Brandenburg (MUGV) use the name Lichtenower Mühlenfließ , while (especially tourist) maps often show the stream as Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ .)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.mugv.brandenburg.de  
  9. ↑ State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV): Surface water level in the operation of the LUGV (source: LUGV / Ö4, status 04/2012), p. 6.  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 48 kB)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.mugv.brandenburg.de  
  10. ↑ Eva Driescher: The Löcknitz and their catchment area ... , p. 12.
  11. ↑ Living at the Bauernsee in Kagel near Berlin: the place Kagel .
  12. ^ Rüdiger Prasse, Michael Ristow: List of wild growing vascular plants of the state of Berlin with red list. (PDF; 10.2 MB) The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management / Senate Department for Urban Development (Ed.). Kulturbuch-Verlag, Berlin 2001, p. 19 ISBN 3-88961-137-0 . Note: The list of Berlin also contains the classifications in Brandenburg.
  13. ↑ Fish hit parade - German Angler Forum: Elsensee
  14. ↑ Entire species list and red list of fish and lampreys (Pisces et Cyclostomata) from Berlin: p. 87 – p. 91 in Fish in Berlin - Balance of Species Diversity ", published by the Fisheries Office Berlin
  15. ^ Frank Friedrich: Fish fauna and ecological continuity in small rivers. Lebus, April 2011.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 5.7 MB)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.mugv.brandenburg.de  
  16. ↑ a b Brandenburg name book. Part 10. The names of the waters of Brandenburg . ..., 1996, p. 66. See entry Else (2) .
  17. ↑ a b Jürgen Kunze: "Schorfheide" and related names: explorations into an enigmatic word. LIT VERLAG Dr. W. Hopf, Berlin 2007, p. 30, ISBN 978-3-8258-0007-9 .
  18. ↑ Grünheide community: Kagel
  19. ^ German Water History Society e. V., Communications No. 15, September 2010, p. 38f (PDF; 9.9 MB)