Finck von Finckenstein

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Family coat of arms of Finck von Finckenstein

The Counts Finck von Finckenstein are an East Prussian noble family that played an important role in the Kingdom of Prussia .

history

Possible origins

The origins of the family are in the dark. The family did not appear under their current name until 1451 with Michael Fincke , who was called Finck von Roggenhausen in 1474 when he acquired the Roggenhausen estate (today Rogóż near Kozłowo ) in the Neidenburg district . There is speculation about the origin of this Michael. The Fincks are probably of Prussian origin, because many Prussian families with bird names such as black cock, raven, nightingale etc. appeared.

In the older genealogical literature a Nicze von Roghusen is sometimes assumed as ancestor, who is mentioned under the name Nikolaus Roghusen as early as 1375 and as dominus Nycolaus Roghusen in 1393 in Marienwerder . As far as this person is documented, the assignment to the Finck family, which appears only a century later, is uncertain. The named was probably a member of the von Rockhausen family with the headquarters of the same name in Thuringia; allegedly it is supposed to appear in 1388 at the Deutschordensburg Roggenhausen (today Rogóźno ), which was then called Groß-Rogis .

Because of his services in the War of the Spanish Succession , Field Marshal Albrecht Konrad Finck von Finckenstein (1660-1735) and three of his cousins ​​were raised to the rank of count under the name Finck von Finckenstein by Emperor Leopold I in 1710 .

An old, in the Finckenstein's Imperial Count represented diploma from 1710 tradition has in Carinthia located Finkenstein Castle as alleged birthplace of sex. There appears an eponymous Uradelsgeschlecht first time in 1143 with Gotwold of Finkenstein, Lord on Finkenstein am Faaker See . Such an origin seems theoretically possible because the Teutonic Order colonizing the Baltic Sea area was recruited from knights from all over the Holy Roman Empire . An ancestry of the East Prussian family from the Carinthian Finkensteins, which became extinct at the beginning of the 14th century, is highly unlikely. It is not documented, the Carinthian Finkensteins had a different coat of arms and the first documented mention of the East Prussian Finck under the name Fincke (1451) or Finck von Roggenhausen (1474) - and only from the 17th century as Finck von Finckenstein - speaks on the other hand. This theory of descent is likely to be an alliterative addition to names including a primordial derivation that was not uncommon at the time when coats of arms or titles were conferred.

history

In 1474 a Michel Fincke was given the hand-held festival about the village of Roggenhausen (today Rogoz ) in the Neidenburg district . Albrecht Fincke von Roggenhausen appeared as a son or heir in 1478. His brother Matz Fincke married a Dorothea von Seewalde and bought the Seewalde estate in 1486 . While the so-called Albrecht line soon expired, all subsequent members of the Finck family can be traced back to Matz Fincke on Seewalde. His son Albrecht became the progenitor of the East Prussian line, the later Brandenburg line goes back to his son Georg.

Captain Felix Finck acquired the town and castle of Gilgenburg in East Prussia in 1572 , the family headquarters for a long time. Since the dynastic union of the Duchy of Prussia with the Electorate of Brandenburg in 1618, many members of the family entered the Brandenburg service.

In 1690, the electoral chamberlain, Ernst Finck, known as the “rich shepherd”, bought the Deutsch-Eylau estate with real estate and jurisdictions. In 1699 he also acquired the former Schönberg Ordensburg with large property and was enfeoffed with the Schönberg inheritance. His sister married the cousin Albrecht Konrad Finck von Finckenstein (1660-1735). He was in the service of Friedrich Wilhelm I and took part in numerous military campaigns, including the battle of Malplaquet . As chief steward, he was one of the educators of Frederick the Great . In 1716-20 he had Finckenstein Castle built. On February 4, 1710, he and his cousin and brother-in-law Ernst (the "rich shepherd") and cousins ​​Carl Wilhelm and Ludwig Ernst were raised to the rank of imperial count by Emperor Leopold I under the name Finck von Finckenstein .

Albrecht Konrad's sons were also in the service of Frederick II, Friedrich Ludwig (1709–1785) as Lieutenant General, and Karl Wilhelm (1714–1800) as Minister of State. Even in later generations, numerous Finckensteins served as officers or state officials in Prussian service.

Possessions

East Prussia

The first seat of the family, acquired in 1474, Roggenhausen (today Rogóż ) in the Neidenburg district , was still owned by the family in the 17th century, the father of Ernst Friedrich Finck von Finckenstein , born in 1680, is mentioned as the heir of Roggenhausen. In the Seewalde , acquired in 1486 , Albrecht the Elder built In 1562 a castle; In 1754 the childless Countess Barbara gave it to her nephew Ernst from the Finckenstein line; In 1783 it was no longer owned. Gilgenburg in East Prussia , acquired in 1572, was held by the Finck von Finckenstein family into the 20th century.

Schönberg Castle (around 1860)

Schönberg Castle , which was acquired in 1699 by Ernst Finck von Finckenstein, the “rich shepherd”, was originally an order castle of the Teutonic Order with a lordship of around 9,000 hectares of land, including the villages of Sommerau, Steinersdorf, strengkenau, Schepkau, Albrechtau and Falkenauer Krug as Fideikommiss until 1945 in the Finckenstein family property. In the 18th century, Raudnitz also belonged to the Schönberg estate. Wilhelm Albrecht Graf Finck von Finckenstein, hereditary captain in German Eylau, built a new castle in Raudnitz in 1735 (sold around 1784). The Stradem estate also belonged to Schönberg. At the beginning of the 19th century, all the goods belonging to the East Prussian Finckensteins were once again united in one hand; a little later, however, the huge property disintegrated and was largely lost to foreclosures due to the strains of the Napoleonic wars and the Stein-Hardenberg reforms. The Schönberg estate with the old castle was retained by the family until 1945; it was burned down by Soviet troops and is now in ruins.

In 1791 Henriette born Freiin von Korff , wife of Count Georg Konrad Finck von Finckenstein (1748–1799), the Jäskendorf estate near Saalfeld with around 2500 hectares and several farms. The last Fideikommissherr von Jäskendorf was Karl Bonaventura Count Finck von Finckenstein (1872–1950).

Furthermore, Herzogswalde (near Liebstadt ), Rossitten and Simnau (until 1929) were owned by the family at times .

The Finckenstein Palace was 1716-1720 commissioned by Albrecht Konrad Finck von Finckenstein presumably by Jean de Bodt designed and led by John von Collas built. It remained in the family's possession until 1782, after which it was acquired by the Burgraves of Dohna-Schlobitten , who owned it until 1945.

Mark Brandenburg

Alt Madlitz manor house

The manor Alt Madlitz in the Mark Brandenburg was acquired by the family in 1751 as the first property outside of East Prussia. The simple mansion was expanded in the 18th century by Friedrich Ludwig Karl Finck von Finckenstein into a three-story country palace. In 1945 the property was expropriated as part of the land reform . After the German reunification , Karl Wilhelm Graf Finck von Finckstein, born in Alt Madlitz in 1923, bought back the estate and had the manor house renovated. After his death in 2010, his stepson Hans-Detlef Bösel inherited it.

In 1802, the District President of Frankfurt (Oder) , Count Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein, bought the Ziebingen estate from the Johanniter Order Commander Carl Friedrich Ehrentreich von Burgsdorff ; he and his heir Friedrich Ludwig Karl Finck von Finckenstein granted the Burgsdorffs the right to live there. The property belonged to the family until 1945.

The Reitwein estate came into the family in 1842 through the marriage of Count Rudolf Finck von Finckenstein (1813–1886) with Amalie von Burgsdorff, who died in 1849. Günther Reichsgraf Finck von Finckenstein from Reitwein also became the owner of Triebusch in the Lauban district in Lower Silesia in 1885 . The family also owned the Nieder-Schönbrunn estate there until 1945 .

Count Günther Finck von Finckenstein inherited the manor Trossin (Neumark) from a Count von Voss in 1871 , after the Voss had acquired it in 1808 from the Finckenstein, who had owned it for a short time since 1804. At that time, the estate covered an area of ​​approximately 38,000 acres .

In the Margraviate of Brandenburg, the family also acquired other properties , including Kossar (today Kosierz near Dąbie ), Drehnow and Trebichow in the Crossen (Oder) district (from 1748 to 1815).

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows two golden crescent moons facing away from each other on a blue background, raised by a golden star. On the helmet with blue and gold covers the crescents and the star. The motto of the coat of arms: "Sub Utraque Duce" ("Under both leadership"). The coat of arms is reminiscent of the Szlachta coat of arms and was also used by the Lniski and Skrzeszewski families.

  • Coat of arms from the Szlachta

  • Coat of arms graphic by Otto Hupp in the Munich calendar of 1928

  • Coat of arms of Count Finck von Finckenstein

  • Coat of arms of Count Finck von Finckenstein with motto

Personalities

The Finckensteins provided, among other things, many important Prussian officers, ministers, government officials and members of the Prussian manor :

East Prussian Line

Count Karl Friedrich Ludwig Albrecht Finck von Finckenstein (1743–1803), Prussian Minister of State and Chancellor

Brandenburg line

Albrecht Konrad Count Finck von Finckenstein (1660–1735), Field Marshal General
Karl Wilhelm Graf Finck von Finckenstein (1714–1800), Prussian State, Foreign, War and Cabinet Minister

Others

literature

Web links

Commons : Finck von Finckenstein  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Archive Königsberg, fol. 431
  2. ↑ See discussion in: Finck von Roggenhausen
  3. ^ Staats-Archiv Königsberg, order tome 89 d, p. 18
  4. ↑ See e.g. B. Johann Baptist Verda von Verdenberg , who in 1630 was given the name, title and even the coat of arms of the extinct Counts of Werdenberg .
  5. ^ Family history of the Finck von Finckenstein on www.ostpreussen.net
  6. ↑ MOZ.de of September 11, 2014
  7. ^ Gerhard Jaeschke, Manfred Schieche: Ziebingen: a market town in the Sternberger Land , p. 68.
  8. ↑ See Ostoja Pruska
  9. ^ Secret State Archive of Prussian Cultural Heritage in Berlin-Dahlem: Holdings I.HA Rep. 77 Tit. 40 No. 36