Rudzienice
Rudzienice ( German Raudnitz ) is a village in the rural community Iława ( German Eylau ) in the powiat Iławski ( German Eylauer Kreis ) in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .
Geographical location
The village is located in historic West Prussia , in the south of the Eylauer Lake District , about nine kilometers northeast of Deutsch Eylau ( Iława ), 25 kilometers southeast of Rosenberg in West Prussia ( Susz ) and 58 kilometers west of Allenstein ( Olsztyn ) on the Toruń – Chernyakhovsk railway line .
history
In old documents the place is called Raydez (1249) and Rudenz (1250). It belonged to the Teutonic Order and remained under the sovereignty of the order after the Second Peace of Thorn .
In the 18th century, the village belonged to the Finckenstein family on Schönberg . In 1735, Imperial Count Wilhelm Albrecht v. Finckenstein, hereditary captain in German Eylau, his newly built castle. Around 1784 a captain sold Reichsgraf v. Finckenstein bought the property for 112,000 thalers to Carl Ludwig zu Dohna-Schlodien (1758–1838). At the time, Raudnig is described as a noble village with an outbuilding, a Lutheran branch church and 27 fireplaces (households). In the 19th century, Raudnitz was the headquarters of the Raudnitz estates. After a few changes of ownership, the estate was parceled out and settled in the late 1920s. The old castle was used as a community hall.
Raudnitz belonged to the Rosenberg district in West Prussia since 1818 (until 1920 in the Marienwerder district , 1920 to 1939 West Prussia district , 1939 to 1945 Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia ) in the Prussian province of West Prussia , from 1920 on the province of East Prussia .
Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Marienwerder voting area , to which Raudnitz belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Raudnitz, 608 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, while Poland had 54 votes.
Towards the end of the Second World War , the region was occupied by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 . After the end of the war, Raudnitz was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement, along with all of West Prussia and the southern half of East Prussia . As far as the villagers had not fled, they were in the aftermath of Raudnitz sold .
The village is now part of the Iława rural community within the powiat Iławski in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Olsztyn Voivodeship ).
Demographics
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1816 | 173 | 136 of them on the main estate and 37 at the paper mill |
| 1852 | 287 | |
| 1864 | 349 | on December 3, including 345 Evangelicals and four Catholics |
| 1871 | 350 | |
| 1933 | 506 | |
| 1939 | 532 |
Parish
Before 1945 the majority of the population of Raudnitz was of Protestant denomination. The evangelical church in Raudnitz was founded in 1738. Raudnitz belonged to the parish Raudnitz - Frödenau in the parish of Rosenberg in the church province of West Prussia, after 1922 church province of East Prussia , the church of the Old Prussian Union .
Almost without exception Catholic residents have lived in the village since 1945 . The parish in Rudzienice (Raudnitz) belongs to the deanery Iława-Wschód (German Eylau -Ost) in the diocese of Elbląg (Elbing) of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here are incorporated into the parish of Iława, which is a subsidiary of the parish in Ostróda (Osterode in East Prussia) and belongs to the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .
literature
- Daniel Heinrich Arnoldt : Brief messages from all preachers who have admitted to the Lutheran churches in East Prussia since the Reformation . Königsberg 1777, pp. 497-499.
Web links
- Raudnitz district (Rolf Jehke, 2004)
- Ostpreußen.net: Rudzienice - Raudnitz
- Raudnitz (Rosenberg district) (Clemens Draschba)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Monumenta Historiae Warmensis or collection of sources on the history of Warmia . Volume 1, Kirchheim, Mainz 1860, p. 35.
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II: Topography of West Prussia , Marienwerder 1789, Complete Topography of the West Prussian Cammer Department , p. 183.
- ^ August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, p. 436.
- ↑ Ostpreußen.net: Rudzienice - Raudnitz
- ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : "Self-determination for East Germany - A Documentation on the 50th Anniversary of the East and West Prussian Referendum on July 11, 1920"; Editor: Göttingen Working Group , 1970, p. 120
- ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 4: P – S , Halle 1823, p. 119, paragraphs 638–639.
- ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state . Berlin 1856, p. 499.
- ^ E. Jacobson: Topographical-statistical manual for the administrative district Marienwerder , Danzig 1868, pp. 120-121, item 155.
- ^ Gustav Neumann: Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 49-50, item 3.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. rosenberg_op.html # ew33rosnraudnitz. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ AGH Lambeck: History of the foundation and the growth of the Reformation in West Prussia . Lambeck, Thorn 1850, p. 157.