Radio Bremen

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Radio Bremen
Station logo
Logo Radio Bremen.svg
General information
Seat: Bremen
Intendant: Yvette Gerner
Radio: Bremen Eins
Bremen Zwei
Bremen Vier
Bremen Next
Bremen COSMO (together with RBB and WDR )
Hansawelle (former)
Radio Bremen 2 (former)
Radio Bremen Melodie (former)
Watch TV: Radio Bremen TV
Legal form: Institute of public right
Website: www.radiobremen.de
Radio Bremen Norddeutscher Rundfunk Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk Bayerischer Rundfunk Südwestrundfunk Saarländischer Rundfunk Hessischer Rundfunk Westdeutscher Rundfunk KölnARD Karte.svg
About this picture
Main entrance to the central editorial building on Diepenau in the Stephaniviertel (2008)

Radio Bremen is a public broadcasting corporation ( Landesrundfunkanstalt ) for the federal state of Free Hanseatic City of Bremen . The station, founded in 1945, is the smallest regional broadcaster of the ARD , of which it has been a member since the ARD was founded in 1950. Radio Bremen does not only deal with the state of Bremen, but also reports from the Lower Saxony area, the metropolitan region northwest , which overlaps with the broadcasting area of ​​the NDR . Since August 1, 2019, the director of Radio Bremen has been Yvette Gerner, who has a doctorate in political science and journalism .

Headquarters and operation

The station is based in Bremen , Diepenau 10, on the Weser. First, the television and online divisions moved to the new Radio Bremen complex in the Bremen-Mitte district (Stephaniviertel / Faulenquartier). Radio and administration followed at the end of 2007. There is a regional studio in Bremerhaven . The radio studio and operations building in Bremen-Schwachhausen, which was newly built after 1980 at the site of the former Air Force military hospital, has not been in operation since 2007 and has been converted into a medical facility. The acoustically particularly high-quality concert hall remained in private ownership. The television studio and operations buildings built after 1960 in Bremen-Osterholz on Hans-Bredow-Strasse have not been in operation since the beginning of September 2007 and have been demolished. The transmitter systems operated in Bremen in Leher Feld since 1945 were replaced in 1999 by a new building in Bremen-Oberneuland or transferred to technical facilities of Deutsche Telekom. The broadcasting center Radio Bremen , built in 2007/08 according to plans by Böge Lindner K2 Architects , is the seat of the broadcaster. The medium wave transmitter on 936 kHz was switched off in 2010 for cost reasons without prior notice.

Current situation

Loriot sofa made of bronze with a pug in front of the Funkhaus since 2013, sculptor: Herbert Rauer

For financial reasons, the previously separate radio and television locations were merged at the end of 2007 into a new joint and significantly smaller representative office close to the center in the Stephaniviertel , where Radio Bremen now maintains the most modern broadcasting facility in Europe at the time it went into operation. With the move, the technology was completely digitized. For the first time, radio, television and online editorial teams are working together in a joint editorial system. With this, Radio Bremen as the first ARD station and Bremedia are striving to consistently tri-media work.

As a result of a massive cut in the ARD's internal financial equalization scheme, Radio Bremen has lost a large part of its funds since 1999. As a result, the programs Hansawelle and Radio Bremen Melodie had to be merged into Bremen Eins , the demanding cultural program Radio Bremen 2 , which took up a large part of the former budget, was transferred to a joint production with NDR , Nordwestradio . The workforce has been reduced significantly to currently around 300 employees; Operationally, however, the employees of Bremedia Produktion GmbH must be added.

Despite protests from the workforce, the entire production / technology area and some editorial staff of the station were outsourced to the subsidiary Bremedia Produktion GmbH in 2006 , in which Radio Bremen initially held 51%. while 49% was owned by Bavaria Film GmbH . The company has been a 100% subsidiary of Radio Bremen since 2018. As early as January 1, 2006, the equipment department was spun off to Bremer Bühnenhaus GmbH , in which Radio Bremen is also a minority shareholder. Newly hired employees are paid much less at both subsidiaries than at Radio Bremen.

history

Logo until 2001
Radio location until 2007

Bremen transmitter 1924-1945

In 1922, with the help of the Bremen merchant Ludwig Roselius, the society “German hour for wireless instruction and entertainment” was founded as a first step towards the realization of general broadcasting with artistic performances.

On May 2, 1924, Nordische Rundfunk AG (NORAG) began operations in Hamburg with a share capital of RM 300,000. On November 30, 1924, the Bremen “Zwischenender”, which delivered NORAG's own broadcasts, was put into operation by State Secretary Bredow and handed over to Mayor Donandt . The NORAG Bremen office was initially located in the Am Markt 14 building. Ernst Pündter (1884–1929) was the first artistic director from 1925 and from January 1926 director of the Bremen station.

With the establishment of the Bremen broadcaster, the company's capital was doubled; ten shares of 500 RM each were in the hands of Bremen. As a result of this participation, Bremen was given a seat on the NORAG Supervisory Board, which Senator Thalenhorst took. Bremen's representatives on the Cultural Advisory Board were successively F. Noltenius (1927–1929) and Consul C. Menke (1930–1932).

The medium wave transmitter with an output of a modest 250 watts was installed in the post office on Domsheide. He was "discussed" from an adjoining room. The transmitting antenna was initially stretched between the telegraph office and the east tower of the cathedral .

On the opening day, in addition to news and sport, there was radio and the realm of women . At 5 p.m., the opening ceremony with a speech by State Secretary Hans Bredow and works by Haydn , Beethoven , Mozart , Wagner and Rachmaninoff , played live by the Bremen Philharmonic Quartet, was broadcast.

First own home, the transmitter was in March 1925 at the Municipal Theater On Wall a radio room . Radio plays and concerts were broadcast from the former ballroom, which was equipped with thick cloud curtains on the ceilings and walls and a heavy carpet on the floor to improve the acoustics. Later the company moved to the former industrial museum on Kaiserstraße.

In the years that followed, the Bremen broadcaster contributed three to four hours a day to the joint program. This also included the Sunday concerts from the upper town hall, the harbor concert, the broadcast of sporting events, direct broadcasts from the theater, the Astoria or the reception after the transatlantic flight from Köhl , Hünefeld and Fitzmaurice .

The selection of programs was supported by a broadcasting committee made up of representatives from Bremen's economy, literature, the visual arts and music, including the Oldenburg poet August Hinrichs .

In 1927, the Bremen state made the historic building of the old city scales in Langenstrasse available to the station. The inauguration took place on September 24, 1927. In 1931 the Bremen transmitter was deprived of its own wave. From then on it was only possible to broadcast from one studio at a time of the North German Gleichwelle . The broadcasting time in Bremen decreased to around ten hours a week, current programs could no longer be broadcast, important reports were reported to Hamburg by telephone and attached to the NORAG news.

In 1932 radio was nationalized by the von Papen government. The individual broadcasting companies received a state commissioner. A year later, NORAG became part of the Reichs-Rundfunk-Gesellschaft as Reichsender Hamburg (from 1939 Großdeutscher Rundfunk ). In 1933 a 90 meter high wooden transmission tower was built in Utbremen . After being destroyed by lightning, it was replaced by a steel structure. He broadcast until 1945.

Radio Bremen since 1945

Already in the summer of 1945 there were considerations to put the technical facilities of the broadcasting station in Bremen back into operation. The President of the Senate, Mayor Wilhelm Kaisen , negotiated with the Americans. In autumn 1945, the US armed forces confiscated a villa at 363 Schwachhauser Heerstraße and set up a military government transmitter there. He got the name Radio Bremen. The staff began to set up the radio under the direction of the Hamburg-born American officer Edward E. Harriman. On December 23, 1945, on the initiative of Hans Günther Oesterreich, Radio Bremen, as the transmitter of the American occupation , reported from the villa on Schwachhauser Heerstraße with a daily broadcast of several hours on medium wave . The St. Pauli restaurant on Horner Heerstraße was used as the broadcasting hall .

On February 26, 1946, the American military government appointed Walter Geerdes as deputy director and on July 1, 1946 as director of Radio Bremen. In 1949 Radio Bremen was transferred to an institution under public law for the state of Bremen . The Bremen Broadcasting Council, founded in 1949, confirmed Geerdes as director. In 1950 Radio Bremen was a founding member of ARD . In the same year, the station received 1.76 million DM from an American donation, which, according to plans by Herbert Anker , made it possible for the radio house in the Bremen district of Schwachhausen, in today's district of Radio Bremen , on the corner of Mayor-Spitta-Allee and Heinrich-Hertz- Building road. The Radio Bremen Sendesaal (later Studio F ), built in 1952 according to plans by Hans Storm, is considered to be outstanding. Due to its special design, it has acoustics that are unique in Europe (acoustician Walter Kuhl) and was listed as a historical monument in 2009 .

Program history of Radio Bremen

Radio Bremen only broadcast one radio program until 1952 (later Radio Bremen 1 and from 1968 onwards, " Hansawelle Bremen"). On April 14, 1952, the second radio program started on UKW Radio Bremen 2, which was gradually expanded into a demanding program with cultural contributions as well as classical and modern music (since 1982 it has been a full program and since September 1, 1992 a cultural program ). Radio Bremen has been supplying a three percent, now one percent, share to the First German Television ( Das Erste ) since 1962 .

On November 1, 1964, Radio Bremen started its third radio program, Radio Bremen 3, initially as a guest worker program , and from January 1, 1985 as a full program with light music . On September 1, 1992 it was transformed into a classic wave and from September 4, 1995 or November 1, 1998, a wave of melodies (Radio Bremen Melodie) with a focus on regional information.

On January 4, 1965, Radio Bremen started the third TV program “Nord 3” (later also “N3 - North German TV”, today: NDR TV ) for the federal states of Bremen together with the North German Broadcasting Corporation (NDR) and the Sender Freies Berlin (SFB) , Hamburg , Lower Saxony , Schleswig-Holstein and Berlin . The SFB left the community program in October 1992 and started its own television program (at that time under the name B 1; later SFB 1, now rbb television ). NDR television was gradually expanded into a full program.

At Radio Bremen - in a small but beneficial setting - comedy stars like Hape Kerkeling ( Totally normal , produced at Radio Bremen, 1989) and Rudi Carrell ( Rudi Carrell Show , 1965) took their first steps and Loriot worked his way through his television series of the same name (1976– 1978) continued popularity with television audiences.

In the blanking interval of this program, the NDR started its regional teletext service together with Radio Bremen on September 30, 1988 under the name "Nord-Text". Since December 2001 it has been listed as "NDR-Text", the information about radio offers from Radio Bremen is called "radiobremen-text". Since 1980, Radio Bremen has broadcast an independent regional program (" Buten un Binnen ") within the Erste .

The 4th radio program of Radio Bremen, Radio Bremen Vier , started on December 1, 1986 as a youth program with a high proportion of rock music , before it was changed slightly on September 1, 1992.

On August 30, 1998, the West German Broadcasting Corporation (WDR) started the radio program Funkhaus Europa in cooperation with Radio Bremen as an integrative offer for listeners of foreign origin and interested Germans in North Rhine-Westphalia and Northwest Germany . The program has been in Bremen via VHF since September 2001 and was also received via medium wave for a short time . On the medium wave broadcast until the shutdown of the transmitter Bremen Eins.

In 1999 the transmitter on Leher Feld was shut down. Deutsche Telekom transmitters were rented on the telecommunications tower to distribute the VHF programs, while a new transmitter near Aumundsdamm in the Oberneuland district went into operation for the distribution of medium wave programs.

On April 30, 2001 “ Radio Bremen 3 ” (since 1995 “Radio Bremen Melodie”) was merged with “Radio Bremen Hansawelle” to form the Bremen Eins program. On November 1, 2001, the Nordwestradio, a joint radio program from Radio Bremen and the NDR, started. The previous 2nd radio program "Radio Bremen 2" was included in this program. So since 2001 Radio Bremen or with the participation of Radio Bremen still broadcast four radio programs.

A fifth Radio Bremen program is broadcast on the VHF frequency 95.0 MHz, the parliamentary wave. The meetings of the Bremen citizenship are broadcast here. At other times, the NDR Info program is transmitted over this frequency. While the RDS identifier was RB / NDR at the beginning , it is now 5 for broadcasts from the Bremen citizenship, otherwise NDR Info.

Radio Bremen TV started on January 1, 2005 . Since then, the regional content of Radio Bremen for Bremen and Bremerhaven has been broadcast here. Up until December 31, 2004, most of the regional content was broadcast in a separate evening program on Das Erste. Radio Bremen thus joined the harmonized program scheme, which was necessary due to a new organization in the first. Since 2005, for cost reasons, the entire program of the first has been handled centrally by the ARD star point at HR in Frankfurt (central broadcast processing / ZSAW).

The Bremen share in Funkhaus Europa (since 2016: COSMO) has shrunk since 2016: The Bremen routes in the daily program were taken over by WDR from Cologne. Since then, Radio Bremen has only produced the program on weekends and public holidays and has therefore reduced the editorial staff of Welle considerably.

Legal anchoring

Radio Bremen is an institution under public law . The legal basis is the Radio Bremen Act and the State Broadcasting Treaty with the State of Bremen. The supervisory body is the Broadcasting Council. The supervisory authority is the state broadcaster. The structure and organization of the station are regulated in the Radio Bremen Act . In addition, the program mandate and social control of the institution are laid down in it. The law was changed on January 23, 2008 by the Bremen citizenship with the votes of the red-green coalition ( Senate Böhrnsen II ) and came into force on February 1, 2008. On March 16, 2016, at the instigation of the red-green state government ( Senate Sieling ), it passed a new Radio Bremen law. The FAZ wrote that the law had a political list that would actually be a case for the Constitutional Court, under the keyword: "State distance".

Subsidiaries are Radio Bremen Media GmbH (100%, Diepenau 10, Bremen), Ndrb Sales & Services GmbH (with NDR 2), Bremedia Produktion GmbH and Bremer Bühnenhaus GmbH, each with their own management.

The unincorporated community facility ARD ZDF Deutschlandradio Contribution Service has been collecting the broadcasting fee since 2013 (formerly the GEZ). Radio Bremen Media GmbH generates income from radio advertising .

Structural reform

The organization of Radio Bremen was fundamentally restructured in 2005/2006 under the leadership of the then artistic director Heinz Glässgen . The entire technical production and broadcasting technology of RB was outsourced to Bremedia Produktion GmbH on April 1, 2006 as part of a private public partnership model , which is now a 100% subsidiary of Radio Bremen. Bavaria Film GmbH held 49 percent of the company until 2018 . Bremedia produces all television productions, technically oversees all four radio programs and the broadcaster's internet offering. Bremedia Produktion GmbH is also involved in the production of cinema films. In this way, the station hoped to lower operating and production costs.

The works council criticized the outsourcing of the entire technical service to a private company, as this is not bound by the collective agreements applicable to Radio Bremen . The service union Verdi feared that the hiring of journalists by Bremedia would no longer guarantee "editorial independence from the private sector". As early as January 1, 2006, the equipment department was spun off into the Bremer Bühnenhaus GmbH, in which Radio Bremen is also only involved as a minority shareholder. Radio Bremen had previously transferred responsibility for broadcasting FM and TV programs from its own broadcasting company to Media Broadcast . Radio Bremen's tasks in the area of ​​fee collection have been performed by the NDR since 2001. The aim of the measures was to secure the station's status as an independent state broadcaster in the future as well.

Director of Radio Bremen

Programs

Radio Bremen broadcasts the following programs alone or together with other broadcasters:

Radio programs

Television programs

Radio Bremen online

As a third sales pillar and its own programmatic focus, Radio Bremen also uses the Internet. Radio Bremen was one of the first ARD stations to go online in 1995. Today, the company's own ten-person online editorial team looks after an extensive range of Internet services that accompanies radio and television programs and sets its own accents. All four radio waves can also be heard live via the Internet ( stream ). The regional magazine Buten un Binnen can also be viewed on the web. Numerous programs are also broadcast via podcast. Regional news is also broadcast on the Internet almost around the clock.

Well-known programs

The sofa from the television series Loriot produced by Radio Bremen has been in the foyer of the station since 2011 (2013).

Some well-known programs or productions of Radio Bremen are or were:

Transmitters

Until 1999, Radio Bremen operated a transmission system for VHF , MW , KW and TV with three transmitter masts and a shortwave antenna on the Leher Feld in Bremen- Leher Feld . However, this plant had to be shut down for reasons of electromagnetic environmental compatibility and was therefore demolished.

As a replacement for the VHF and TV transmitters, appropriate transmission equipment was installed on the Bremen telecommunications tower (owner: Deutsche Funkturm GmbH). Since May 24, 2004, the TV program has been broadcast there via DVB-T .

A new transmission system with omnidirectional characteristics was built in Bremen-Oberneuland for the medium-wave transmitter working on the medium-wave frequency 936 kHz . The antenna is a kinked trap antenna , which is attached to a 45 meter high, guyed, grounded steel truss mast. This transmitting antenna has a gain of 4.5  dB , which means that the 50 kilowatt transmitter installed there transmits with an ERP of 140 kilowatts. The medium wave transmitter on 936 kHz was switched off on March 13, 2010 for cost reasons.

In addition, Radio Bremen also operated a transmission system for VHF and TV in Bremerhaven (at the Bürgerpark). This broadcasting station Bremerhaven-Bürgerpark was given up in October 2000, since then the Bremerhaven frequencies have been broadcast by Radio Bremen from the Schiffdorf telecommunications tower of Deutsche Funkturm GmbH.

literature

  • Radio Bremen (Ed.): 40 years of broadcasting in Bremen . Pressstelle, n.d.
  • Michael Augustin, Peter Dahl, Radio Bremen: We greet all of our listeners - Radio Bremen's early years . Edition Temmen , 1995, ISBN 3-86108-280-2 .

Web links

Commons : Radio Bremen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Radio Bremen Broadcasting Council: Dr. Yvette Gerner elected as the new general manager , accessed on July 31, 2019
  2. ^ Sender in Bremen ( Memento from December 29, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  3. Homage to Loriot. The sofa is now in bronze in front of the Radio-Bremen-Funkhaus. November 10, 2013, archived from the original on August 14, 2014 ; accessed on December 24, 2015 .
  4. the daily newspaper of December 5, 2006, http://www.taz.de/index.php?id=archivseite&dig=2006/12/05/a0257
  5. Peter Dahl in We greet all our listeners , p. 13
  6. Bremer Rundfunk-Chronik . In: 1924–1945: The Norag “Zwischenender” Bremen of the Nordische Rundfunk AG . Radio Bremen. Retrieved October 5, 2012.
  7. full text (pdf, 37 pages)
  8. www.radiobremen.de ( Memento from March 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  9. FAZ.net March 25, 2016: Send order
  10. Ndrb Sales & Services GmbH, Diepenau 2, Bremen ( Memento of 11 September 2011 at the Internet Archive )
  11. ^ Bremedia Produktion GmbH, Grossenstrasse 2, Bremen
  12. Bremer Bühnenhaus GmbH, Korffsdeich 1, Bremen
  13. Jürgen Hinrichs: Radio Bremen is repositioning itself. Retrieved August 15, 2019 .
  14. ↑ The door and gate open to arbitrariness? , verdi.de; July 2, 2007
  15. Press release of February 1, 2001, text in archived copy ( Memento of September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on May 6, 2007
  16. http://www.senderfotos-owl.de/bandscans/Bandscan_Hille.html
  17. Weserkurier: Oberneulander transmission mast demolished

Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 49.6 "  N , 8 ° 47 ′ 44.2"  E