Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer

Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer (born February 2, 1808 in Hamburg ; † March 3, 1887 ibid) was a lawyer , journalist , natural scientist and first mayor of Hamburg.

origin

Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer comes from the Bohemian Kirchenpauer von Kirchdorff family, who was ennobled in 1539 . Hans Kirchenpauer von Kirchdorff (1613–1648) came to Hamburg as a merchant; when he became a Hamburg citizen in 1640, he gave up his title of nobility. Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer's parents were the businessman Johann Georg Kirchenpauer (1773-1844) and his wife Anna Katharina Ruesz (1778-1811), a daughter of the businessman Barthold Heinrich Ruesz (1728-1811) and Anna Catharina Krochmann. His paternal grandfather Johann David Kirchenpauer (1736–1798) was a merchant in Arkhangelsk and married to Henriette Charlotte Haensche.

Life

Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer's father was a businessman. He lost his fortune due to the continental lock during the Hamburg French era . The Kirchenpauer family left Hamburg in 1810 and moved to Saint Petersburg . Kirchenpauer's mother died there that same year, so that, as his father was often on the road, he was brought up by an uncle. Kirchenpauer attended a German school in Saint Petersburg and from 1823 a German-language high school in Dorpat . From 1826 studied church Pauer at the University of Tartu Law and the concluded Corporation Livonia on. In 1830 he moved to Heidelberg ; there he completed his studies on August 5, 1831 with a doctorate. In Heidelberg Kirchenpauer got to know numerous other Hamburgers and made friends a. a. with Carl Friedrich Petersen .

In 1832 Kirchenpauer obtained Hamburg citizenship in order to settle as a lawyer in Hamburg. He was enrolled as a lawyer in Hamburg on July 9, 1832 and was registered as such until 1843. In addition to his legal work, he worked as a journalist. He made a name for himself with numerous memoranda in which he advocated free trade and published the Hamburg magazine for politics, trade and commercial law published by Hoffmann and Campe . Together with the historian Johann Martin Lappenberg and other interested parties, Kirchenpauer founded the Association for Hamburg History in 1839 and became chairman of the section on trade history . Kirchenpauer had been a poor carer since 1833 and in 1839 he became head of the poor and a member of the poor college. He was elected captain of the civil military in 1837 ; in this capacity he was able to take part in council and citizens' conventions.

In 1840 he represented his hometown in negotiations for the construction of the Hanover – Hamburg railway line . Due to his free trade attitude, Kirchenpauer became librarian and secretary of the Hamburg Commerzdeputation in February 1840. During the Hamburg fire in 1842, it was not least thanks to him that the new stock exchange building, in which the Commerzdeputation was also located, was saved. Kirchenpauer soon became one of the leading figures in the commission for the reconstruction of the city, which was set up after the fire. For the Patriotic Society , whose chairman he was elected in 1842, he wrote several memoranda to improve the administration. He was considered so capable and prudent that it is hardly surprising that he was appointed to the Hamburg Senate on December 4, 1843 at the unusually young age of 35 .

The Senate sent him to the Elbe Shipping Commission when it was negotiating the “Additional Act” on the revision of the Elbe Shipping Act of June 21, 1821, passed on April 13, 1844. In 1849 he was a member of the so-called "Neuner -ommission", which was commissioned by the Senate after the revolutionary year 1848 to examine the drafts for a new constitution of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg submitted by the Hamburg Constituent Assembly . In the years that followed, Kirchenpauer was mainly on the road to negotiate the lifting of the Elbe tariffs. From 1851 to 1857 Kirchenpauer represented his city as a permanent envoy to the Bundestag in Frankfurt am Main .

From 1858 to 1864, Kirchenpauer served as a bailiff at Ritzebüttel at his own request . There he carried out the separation of justice and administration in the Ritzebüttel office. He was the last Hamburg senator to hold this office; afterwards administered the office administrator.

In his six years in Ritzebüttel, Kirchenpauer found plenty of time for natural history studies. Above all, he examined the living beings that settled on the barrels of the Elbe under the microscope . He pursued his scientific interests after his return to Hamburg. The publications of the autodidact's research attracted such attention among experts that in 1875 Kirchenpauer was elected to the Leopoldinisch-Carolinische Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher (learned society Leopoldina). He bequeathed his natural history collections to the Natural History Museum in Hamburg .

From 1867 Kirchenpauer was Hamburg's representative in the Federal Council of the North German Confederation . After the establishment of the German Empire , he had the same position in its Bundesrat . In 1880 Johannes Versmann succeeded him in this office.

In 1868 Kirchenpauer became second mayor for the first time, followed by the office of first mayor in 1869. In 1871 and 1872 he was again first mayor, then until his death in 1887 he was second and first mayor in 1874/75, 1877/78, 1880/81, 1883/84 and 1886/87 (→ Hamburg Senate 1861-1919 ) .

Since 1869 Kirchenpauer was president of the high school authority . Since the conflict with Otto von Bismarck over customs policy arose in 1880 , Kirchenpauer has mainly devoted himself to schools and the entire educational system of his city.

Alongside Carl Friedrich Petersen and Versmann, Kirchenpauer was one of the most important Hamburg politicians of the 19th century. Hardly anyone has held the post of First Mayor for so many years as he.

Commemoration

Gravestone plaque Althamburg Memorial Cemetery Ohlsdorf

In the area of ​​the Althamburg Memorial Cemetery of the Ohlsdorf Cemetery , the mayor, among others, commemorates Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer on the double-sided collective grave .

Kirchenpauerstraße in Cuxhaven and Hamburg is named after Kirchenpauer , as is the Kirchenpauerkai in the new Hamburg district of HafenCity . Both are located in the Port of Hamburg , within sight of the Freihafenelbbrücke . Until the Second World War, there was a life-size bronze statue of Kirchenpauer on the Steintordamm in front of the Museum of Art and Industry. From 1914 to 1986 there was a Kirchenpauer high school in Hamburg-Hamm ; the building is now used by the North German Academy for Finance and Tax Law .

In zoology, the hydrozoan species Aglaophenia kirchenpaueri and the hydrozoan family of the Kirchenpaueriidae in the order Leptomedusae are named after Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer within the taxonomy of living things .

family

In 1844 Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer married Juliane Dorothea Krause (1819–1905) in Weißtropp near Dresden . The couple had two sons and a daughter, including:

  • Gustav Jakob (1847–1914), architect ⚭ Julie Amalie Gossler
  • Ulrich (1859–1905), Prussian captain a. D.
  • Flora ⚭ Hermann Stannius († 1912), Consul

Fonts

On trade history and trade policy

  • About Hamburg joining the Prussian Customs Union . In: Hamburgische Zeitschrift für Politik, Handel und Handelsrecht , Vol. 2 (1835), Issue 2, pp. 77–118.
  • The trade abstract of January 21, 1839 and German North Sea trade . JP Erie / Langhoff'sche Buchdruckerei, Hamburg 1839.
  • The old stock exchange, its founders and heads. A contribution to Hamburg's trading history . Voigt, Hamburg 1841 (program for the opening ceremony of the new stock exchange in Hamburg 1841).
  • The differential customs system based on the proposals for the establishment of a German shipping and trade association that were discussed in several North Sea states in Germany . Herold'sche Buchhandlung, Hamburg 1847.
  • The freedom of navigation on the Elbe. Historical explanations of the constitutional state of affairs . Autumn, Hamburg 1880.

To zoology

  • The sea barrels of the Elbe estuary. A contribution to the animal and plant topography . Nolte, Hamburg 1862.
  • New sertularids from various Hamburg collections, along with general comments on Lamouroux's genus Dynamena . Blochmann, Dresden 1864.
  • About the hydroid family Plumularidae, individual groups of the same and their fruit containers
    • Vol. 1: Aglaophenia . Hamburg 1872.
    • Vol. 2: Plumularia and Nemertesia . Hamburg 1876.
  • About the bryozoan genus Adeona Lamouroux . In: Journal of the Museum Godeffroy , year 1879; Reprinted in: Treatises from the field of natural sciences , Vol. 7 (1880), pp. 1–24.
  • Nordic genera and species of Sertularids from Kirchenpauer . Friedrichsen & Co., Hamburg 1884.

literature

Footnotes

  1. ^ Renate Hauschild-Thiessen: Kirchenpauer, Gustav Heinrich . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Ed.): Hamburgische Biographie. Lexicon of persons . Christians-Verlag, Hamburg 2003, pp. 153–155, here p. 153.
  2. ↑ a b Gerrit Schmidt: The history of the Hamburg legal profession from 1815 to 1879 . Hamburg 1989, ISBN 3923725175 , p. 335
  3. ↑ Ernst Baasch: The broadcast of Kirchenpauer to Lüneburg, Hanover and Braunschweig in 1840 and the Hamburg-Hanover railway plans . In: Journal of the Historical Association for Lower Saxony , Volume 84 (1919), Issue 3/4, pp. 256–297.
  4. ↑ Hansische Geschichtsblätter , Jg. 1887, p. 167.
  5. ↑ Karin Büsing: That was Mr. Kirchenpauer. A bailiff with an eventful past . In: Cuxhaven journal, No. 15, April 1987, pp. 12-13.
  6. ↑ Irmtraut Scheele: Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer's contribution to the study of the submarine fauna and flora of the Elbe estuary . In: Deutsches Schiffahrtsarchiv, Vol. 7 (1984), pp. 243-256.
  7. ^ Obituary in: Leopoldina. Official organ of the Imperial Leopoldino-Carolinische Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher , vol. 23 (1887), p. 58.
  8. ^ Address 1887: "Kirchenpauer, Gustav Heinr., Dr. d. R. ud Phil., Mayor, Besenbinderhof 69 “ at the Hamburg State Library
  9. ↑ Pan-European Species Directories Infrastructure (PESI): Aglaophenia kirchenpaueri , accessed on May 2, 2015.

Web links

Commons : Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Kirchenpauer, Gustav Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer, journalist and First Mayor of Hamburg
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1808
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH March 3, 1887
Place of death Hamburg