Wilsede
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Wilsede
Wils Bispingen municipality
Coordinates: 53 ° 9 '50 " N , 9 ° 57' 37" E
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| Area : | 15.32 km² | |
| Residents : | 46 (Jun 30, 2012) | |
| Population density : | 3 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1974 | |
| Postal code : | 29646 | |
Location of Wilsede in Lower Saxony |
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 Street view in Wilsede
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The Heidedorf Wilsede ( Low German / plattdüütsch Wils ) is a district of the municipality Bispingen in the Heidekreis in the Lüneburg Heath , Lower Saxony . It is located in the middle of the Lüneburg Heath nature reserve . Wilsede is not a museum village in the strict sense, but all the characteristics of a pre-industrial heath village that have been lost in other parts of the country have been preserved here. There are 46 people living in the village.
geography
The 169 m high Wilseder Berg is located near Wilsede . It is part of a terminal moraine that was formed during the Saale Ice Age . In the south of the village are the Steingrund and the Totengrund , periglacial dry valleys that are planted with heather . Other larger heathland areas are in the east of Wilsede in the direction of Undeloh . The Wilseder Bach rises in Wilsede .
history
Wilsede was first mentioned in a document in 1287. The village was founded in the source area of the Schwarze Beeke Heidebach , which used to have more water than it does today. In the Middle Ages , Wilsede consisted of two full farms , and in the 16th century two Kötnern farms were added. The village was raided in 1638 during the Thirty Years War . Marauding soldiers of the Grand Duke of Florence tied on the Hillmershof farmers Carsten Hillmer and burned him in a heated for baking bread oven .
The lordship of the St. Michaelis Monastery in Lüneburg over the village hampered its development for centuries because the owners feared that the old farms, which were subject to tax, would be weakened by new farms. The detachment from the manor did not take place until the peasants were liberated and after the Redemption Act of 1831 came into force in the Kingdom of Hanover . In 1838, the Hillmer's farm was replaced, later followed by the other three farms, Witthöft, Rieckmann and Hillmer. In 1857 a fifth farm was added, and in 1891 there were 9 houses in the village. A school was built in 1750, which burned down in 1882 and was renovated in 1885. In 1882 a poor house for two families was built.
Another house was built in 1907 on the initiative of the teacher Bernhard Dageförde . He left the home of a farmer from Hanstedt in der Nordheide to Wilsede translocate and taught in the Heide Museum Dat ole Huus one. Dageförde equipped it with numerous furnishings typical of the heath. In 1909, Pastor Bode organized the construction of the guest house for the Heidemuseum on a plot of land opposite the Heidemuseum. From 1910 onwards, the Naturschutzpark association began buying up in Wilsede. He was able to acquire most of the buildings over the years. In 1954 a parish hall was built.
On the ten- Deutsche-Mark -Note in the fourth series ("BBk III") issued on April 16, 1991 , Wilsede was shown as an important point on the sketch of the measurement of Wangerooge and Neuwerk by triangulation on the reverse. The survey point was on the summit of the Wilseder Berg .
On March 1, 1974, Wilsede was incorporated into the municipality of Bispingen. The former municipality of Wilsede had an area of 15.32 km².
politics
The head of the village is Claudia Kruse.
Culture and sights
The Heidemuseum offers an insight into the living and working conditions of a typical heather farm around 1850. In the neighboring sheep barn, changing special exhibitions on the Lüneburg Heath are shown. There is also a herb, perennial and vegetable garden.
In 1964 the Emhoff was moved to Wilsede. The building, erected in 1609, originally comes from Emmingen in the Soltau district . Today it serves as a conference room and meeting place.
In Wilsede all the characteristics of a typical heath village have been preserved. It is a loose, clustered village that merges into the surrounding landscape without any sharp borders. The courtyards are scattered across the village with no visible order. They are surrounded by trees and separated from the streets by characteristic stone walls. In addition to the Vollhöfe and Koten, there are also stairwells and bakeries that used to be shared in Wilsede .
Wilseder Berg
Hannibal's grave near Wilsede
The Dat ole Huus hall , built around 1540 , moved to Wilsede in 1907
Self-service restaurant Milchhalle and the museum shop
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
There are no longer any farms in Wilsede. The inhabitants live from tourism and forestry.
The Büttinghaus family, based in Wilsede, runs a hotel in Wilsede. The family can be traced back to 1368, but was known under the name Witthöft for most of the time.
In addition to the Gasthaus zum Heidemuseum, there are other inns in Wilsede, most of which have emerged from former full farms. There is also a “milk hall”, which is now a self-service restaurant operated by the Association of Nature Conservation Park, and a museum shop.
There are several sheep stables near Wilsede, which are still used today by the Association of Nature Conservation Park to house their own herds of Heidschnucken .
At the exit of the village in the direction of Wiseder Berg, the Association of Nature Protection Park is growing historical cultivars in imitation of the old heather farming , including buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum ) and high-growing rye varieties ( Secale cereale ). The straw of the plants, which are up to 1.5 m high, was previously used instead of sedge for roofing.
traffic
Wilsede's streets are closed to general motor vehicle traffic. In the high season in August and September, Wilsede is visited by up to 10,000 people per day. Visitors can reach Wilsede either on foot, by bike or by means of one of the numerous carriages from the surrounding villages, in which large parking spaces for hikers have been created. Herd of Heidschnucken graze the Lüneburg Heath. The 223 km long Heidschnuckenweg hiking trail , which leads from Hamburg-Fischbeck to Celle, runs through Wilsede .
Farm in Wilsede
Emhoff in Wilsede
Stein vor dem Emhoff for the Heidschnuckenweg, which opened in Wilsede in 2012
Rye field near Wilsede
Logo of the nature reserve association on a staircase in Wilsede
Personalities
- Arnold Lyongrün (1871–1935), academic painter, teacher at the Staatliche Kunstgewerbeschule Hamburg, member of the Hamburg Art Association , temporarily resident and active in Wilsede.
- Painting by Arnold Lyongrün
Shepherd with flock of sheep near Wilsede, oil painting 1909
On blooming heather near Wilsede, oil painting 1910
Landscape near Wilsede after the rain, oil painting 1911
Herbstheide near Wilsede, oil painting 1909
Winter heather near Wilsede, oil painting 1910
- Wilhelm Bode (1860–1927), Protestant pastor and conservationist . He was responsible for the protection of the heathland around Wilsede. Spent the last years of his life there. The Pastor-Bode-Weg leads from its pastor in Egestorf through the Döhler Fuhren to Wilsede.
literature
- Hermann Cordes , Thomas Kaiser, Henning von der Lancken: Lüneburg Heath Nature Reserve. History, ecology, nature conservation. Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-36-X .
- Manfred Lütkepohl, Jens Tönnießen: Lüneburg Heath Nature Reserve . 2., completely redesigned. Aufl. Ellert and Richter, Hamburg 1999 (first 1992), ISBN 3-89234-300-4 .
- Heinrich Schulz : Chronicle of Wilsede . Stuttgart 1967.
- Naturschutzpark association (publisher): Wilsede - an old heath village . Cupbearer, Soltau 1999.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Population of Wilsede
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office: Official municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany, Wiesbaden 1952, p. 46
- ↑ Mayor Wilsede
- ↑ Facilities of the Nature Conservation Park Association in Wilsede
