Association nature reserve

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Official logo
Logo of the Naturschutzpark association (on a staircase in Wilsede)

The association Naturschutzpark eV (short: VNP ) is a German association for the promotion of large-scale nature conservation .

history

Heathland near Wilsede in the Lüneburg Heath
Historic fences in Wilsede

The Society for Friends of Nature "Kosmos", the Dürerbund and the Austrian National Federation for Ornithology and Bird Protection called for the establishment of nature reserves. As a result, the association was founded in Munich in 1909 by German and Austrian nature lovers and was initially located at Kosmos-Verlag in Stuttgart . Following the example of the American national parks , the association wanted to protect areas of at least 20,000 hectares in central Europe in the important and representative natural areas - high mountains , low mountain ranges and lowlands .

The history of the Hohe Tauern National Park and the Nature Conservation Park Association

In the high mountains, the association made a significant contribution to the creation of the first national park in Austria , i.e. H. today's Hohe Tauern National Park was created. Efforts to place the high alpine region around the highest mountain in the Eastern Alps under special protection go back to the years before 1910. The Nature Conservation Park Association set itself the task of safeguarding four typical and original landscapes between the sea and the Alps by establishing four national parks, a large-scale Wadden Sea protected area, a similar protected area Lüneburg Heath, a large protected area of ​​the Bavarian Forest and a large one Alpine nature reserve. Initially, areas in the Niedere Tauern were planned in the Alps, but the purchase failed due to the high demands of the local landowners. Together with the Viennese university professor Dr. Adolf Ritter von Guttenberg and the Salzburg lawyer and temporary Deputy Governor August Prinzinger were able to buy 11 km² in the Salzburg Stubach Valley and the Amertal from the Association for Nature Conservation Park from 1913 on the advice of Prinzinger. The First World War and the subsequent global economic crisis prevented further planned purchases, and before the First World War a long-term lease of adjacent areas owned by the Federal Forests was about to be completed. The German- Austrian Alpine Club followed in 1918 with purchases in Carinthia and later in Tyrol, in the Glockner and Venediger areas. In 1919, part of the Hohe Tauern was initially designated as a plant protection area by the State of Salzburg. A first draft of a nature reserve Hohe Tauern National Park dates back to 1939, after the establishment of a Tauern Park had been discussed many years before. In 1929, on the other hand, the Salzburg State Parliament decided to found a study society to examine a project that provided for the derivation and energetic use of all Tauern streams over a total of 1000 km of slope canals. Two dams were to be built in Kaprunertal (Moserboden, Orglerboden) a third huge step near St. Johann im Pongau. The Association of Nature Conservation Park stated at the time " that our Alpine Park is being destroyed by the Tauern project and that all of our work is done in vain, a lot of money being spent in vain. " Heinrich Medicus, as the then Austrian president of the Association of Nature Conservation Parks, reported in July 1929 that this plan met with massive resistance from the Austrian population and that only the Chamber of Labor supported the plan. The area of ​​the association was not yet directly affected by the following concrete power plant plans, but the pristine valley was already lost with the road construction required for the power plant work through the local cradle forest. The association therefore subsequently bought replacement areas in the Upper and Lower Sulzbachtal. In 1942, as preliminary work for the Salzburg National Park, the Hohe Tauern was protected as an Alpine landscape protection area under the Reich Nature Conservation Act. After the European year of nature conservation in 1970, the federal states of Carinthia, Salzburg and Tyrol reached the Heiligenblut Agreement in 1971 to establish a national park. Carinthia declared the first sub-areas a national park in 1981 and Salzburg in 1983. The East Tyrolean part was only included in the national park in 1991 and 1992.

In 2016 the association left the national park and sold its property there to the State of Salzburg. It should become a wilderness area.

The Association of Nature Parks and the Lüneburg Heath

At the time it was founded, the association was initially unable to acquire any land in the low mountain range. The areas envisaged (e.g. Bavarian Forest ) were not sold. In 1956, the then chairman of the VNP, Alfred Toepfer from Hamburg , initiated a program to establish nature parks. This also resulted in the designation of large, low mountain range landscapes worthy of protection. Today there are over 100 nature parks in the Federal Republic of Germany that are organized under the Association of German Nature Parks (VDN).

In the lowlands of northern Germany , the private association became active as early as 1910 - one year after it was founded - with the purchase of the Wilseder Berg . Today, the VNP, with its Lüneburg Heath Nature Conservation Park Foundation, which was established in 2002, owns around 8,500 hectares of land in the Lüneburg Heath Nature Conservation Area , and a further 1,200 hectares have been leased on a long-term basis. The Lüneburg Heath nature reserve would not have been created without the VNP and is the only large protected area in Germany that is maintained by a private association.

Meaning of the Lüneburg Heath

The importance of this nature reserve is recognized internationally. As early as 1967 - as the first in Germany - the Council of Europe in Strasbourg awarded him the European Diploma . The associated requirements are checked every five years. So far, the award has been reaffirmed with every review. The heather areas in the nature reserve are the largest contiguous remains of inland dwarf shrub heaths in Central Europe. They are therefore of vital importance for a special flora and fauna. Today, almost all of the heather areas in the Lüneburg Heath nature reserve are owned by the Lüneburg Heath Nature Reserve Foundation, which is part of the association .

The high proportion of forests of almost 60 percent makes the Lüneburg Heath nature reserve one of the largest forest reserves in Germany. Together with the many types of bog and the streams that exist here , this nature reserve represents a scaled-down image of the habitats in the north-west German lowlands, some of which have existed for thousands of years .

tasks

Together with its foundation, the association sees its task in the care and preservation of the entire field of the historical cultural landscape of the Lüneburg Heath. The habitats of the historical cultural landscape were created by man and are maintained by the VNP and its foundation with a variety of maintenance measures. This includes the grazing of heather and open land with six herds of gray horned heather sheep . The plowing and shoveling of grassed heather areas is carried out as well as the mowing or burning of obsolete heather. Furthermore, the heaths in the Lüneburg Heath nature reserve must be decussed, i.e. H. be freed of emerging trees, as they would otherwise develop into forest. This includes cultural and historical forms of land use such as the use of Hutewald , the maintenance of the threshing economy or the protection of architectural and ground monuments . The association and the foundation are financed by contributions from around 3200 members, donations, income from leases and public grants.

The Agriculture in the Lüneburg Heath Nature Reserve obtained by the VNP Landschaftspflegehof Tütsberg (recognized organic OPERATION) new impetus. Here, methods are developed that harmonize agricultural use with nature conservation requirements.

Chairperson

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Hohe Tauern National Park: Valleys for sale. Anton Kaindl in: Salzbuerger Nachrichten , December 23, 2014.
  2. ^ Hermann Stotter: History and dates of the Hohe Tauern National Park, Tirol. Ecology versus economy - the victory of reason . Historical review - origin in Tyrol. Ed .: Hohe Tauern National Park, Tirol. ( pdf , hohetauern.at). pdf ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hohetauern.at
  3. ↑ Salzburg uses the opportunity for wilderness areas in the Hohe Tauern National Park. On salzburg24.at , June 16, 2016.