Office of Calvörde
| The Calvörde Office | |
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The location of the Calvörde exclave in the Duchy of Braunschweig (1914)
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Position of the main town on a map of today's Saxony-Anhalt
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The office Calvörde belonged from 1571 to 1945 as an exclave to the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel or Duchy of Braunschweig and finally to the Free State of Braunschweig . It was an office of the district of Helmstedt and had a size of 102 km² and was surrounded by the districts of Gardelegen and Neuhaldensleben , which belonged to the Prussian province of Saxony . The enclave “ Pax ” was located within the Brunswick exclave .
history
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In 1571 the pawned properties around Calvörde with the Calvörde Castle (Calvörde with Hünerdorf , Velsdorf , Berenbrock , Elsebeck and Lössewitz ) - these had belonged to Viktor von Bülow from 1565 - were redeemed by Julius von Braunschweig . He united the area with the half court ( Uthmöden , Zobbenitz , Dorst and Born ) to the office of Calvörde. From then on, the official area was purely Brunswick and was administered by a so-called ducal bailiff.
The office of Calvörde belonged to the Brunswick Duchy and remained a part of it until the state was dissolved after the end of the Second World War . Only from 1807 to 1813 did it belong to the Kingdom of Westphalia as the canton of Calvörde .
In the course of the reorganization of the Duchy of Braunschweig, the localities of the Calvörde office were merged with the Vorsfelde office to form a district court, then the Vorsfelde district office. In 1827 a separate district office was set up in Calvörde and from 1833 the old name “Amt Calvörde” was used again. In 1847 the district of Calvörde had 3,676 inhabitants and included the town of Calvörde, which was the seat of the district administration and to which the district of Hünerdorf belonged, as well as the ten villages of Berenbrock, Elsebeck, Jeseritz , Lössewitz, Parleib, Velsdorf, Zobbenitz, Dorst and Uthmöden with Born. Today Jeseritz belongs to the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel , the other villages to the Börde district .
With the Courts Constitution Act of August 21, 1849 and its implementation on July 1, 1850, administration and justice in the Duchy of Braunschweig were consistently separated. The office of Calvörde and the other offices of the duchy then lost their importance. In 1855, the office comprised nine villages with 3782 inhabitants.
For the development of the postal system in the Calvörde office, see: Braunschweig – Calvörde postal route .
coat of arms
At that time, the Calvord official seal contained a Brunswick lion at the top, a stream of water in the middle and two claws facing away from each other at the bottom, denoting the local Brunswick official rule on either side of the ears. The inscription is Ambt Kalvörde .
Bailiffs
| Term of office | Surname | comment | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 1571 | Erich Dux | first bailiff |
| 1.a | (1586) | Johann Schoppe | see Uthmöden |
| 2. | 1571-1592 | George of Halle | died in office on August 18, 1592 |
| 3. | …… –1593 | Johann von Doyen | |
| 4th | …… –1599 | Moritz von Lüden | (or Moritz von der Lühe ) |
| 5. | …… –1616 | Simon Heron | |
| 6th | …… –1621 | Burghard Wacker | |
| 7th | …… –1623 | Johann Kuehne | |
| 8th. | …… –1625 | Johann Falkenberg | |
| 9. | …… –1642 | Peter Franz Fricke | |
| 10. | 1642– …… | Hubold Rörig | |
| 11. | 1677– …… | Johann Zimmermann | |
| 12. | …… –1713 | Johann Georg Fromme | |
| 13. | …… –1747 | Johann Nicolaus Lambrecht | |
| 14th | …… –1779 | Johann August Kamlah | |
| 15th | …… -1809 | Johann Levin Kagel |
Population distribution from 1832
From information provided by the Calvörde preacher, Friedrich Röver, we know something about the distribution of residents in the Calvörde district.
| places | Number of houses | Number of inhabitants |
|---|---|---|
| Patches Calvörde ( ⊙ ) / Hünerdorf ( ⊙ ) | 156 | 1874 |
| Velsdorf ( ⊙ ) | 18th | 175 |
| Berenbrock ( ⊙ ) | 12 | 129 |
| Elsebeck ( ⊙ ) | 12 | 134 |
| Jeseritz ( ⊙ ) | 23 | 285 |
| Parleib | 12 | 104 |
| Lössewitz ( ⊙ ) | 13 | 129 |
| Zobbenitz ( ⊙ ) | 23 | 333 |
| Dorst ( ⊙ ) | 3 | 31 |
| Uthmöden ( ⊙ ) / Horstmühle / Born ( ⊙ ) | 49/2/1 | 580 |
literature
- Jürgen Schrader: The town of Calvörde. A 1200 year history . The workshop, Göttingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-89533-808-3 .
- Hermann Kleinau : Historical Gazetteer of the country Braunschweig A-K . In: Publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony (Bremen and the former states of Hanover, Oldenburg, Braunschweig and Schaumburg-Lippe) XXX, Historical Directory of Lower Saxony , 2, State of Braunschweig . August Lax Verlagbuchhandlung, Hildesheim 1967.
- Wilhelm Görges , Ludwig Spehr , Franz Fuhse : Patriotic Stories and Memories of the Lands of Braunschweig and Hanover , Volume 1: Braunschweig ; 3rd edition, Braunschweig 1929.
- Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Gerhard Schildt (ed.): The Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. A region looking back over the millennia . 2nd Edition. Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2001, ISBN 3-930292-28-9 .
- Karl Venturini : The Duchy of Braunschweig in its current state , 3rd edition, Helmstedt 1847.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Gerhard Schildt (Ed.): Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Millennium review of a region , p. 21
- ^ A. Bühling: Geographical-statistical-topographical manual of the administrative district of Magdeburg , 1st part, Magdeburg 1864, p. 2
- ↑ Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Gerhard Schildt (Ed.): Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Millennium review of a region , p. 23
- ↑ a b c Rudi Fischer: 800 years Calvörde - a chronicle up to 1991 .
- ^ Karl Venturini: The Duchy of Braunschweig in its present state , p. 266
- ↑ Stefan Brüdermann (Ed.): History of Lower Saxony , Volume 4, From the beginning of the 19th century to the end of the First World War , Wallstein, Göttingen 2016, p. 256, ISBN 978-3-8353-1585-3
- ^ Georg von Viebahn : Statistics of the customs united and northern Germany . Reimer, Berlin 1858, p. 405
Map with all coordinates: