Circle cost

The district of costs in South Prussia

The district costs in the range from 1818 to 1887

Administrative division of the Province of Posen (as of 1899) District Bydgoszcz District Posen





The district costs within the limits from 1887 to 1919

The Kreis Kosten existed from 1793 to 1807 in the Prussian province of South Prussia and from 1815 to 1919 in the Prussian province of Posen . The former district area is now essentially part of the Kościański powiat in the Polish Greater Poland Voivodeship .

expansion

The Kreis Kosten had an area of ​​1162 km² until it was divided in 1887, then 608 km².

history

The area around the Greater Poland city ​​of Kosten belonged to the district of Kosten in the Prussian province of South Prussia after the Third Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807 . With the Peace of Tilsit the area became part of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 . After the Congress of Vienna , on May 15, 1815, it fell again to the Kingdom of Prussia and became part of the Poznan administrative district of the Poznan Province.

During the Prussian administrative reforms , a district reform was carried out in the Posen administrative district on January 1, 1818, in which the district costs were redefined. The area around the town of Schmiegel from the Fraustadt district was added to the district . In return, the district gave the area around the city of Moschin to the Schrimm district and the area around the city of Grätz to the Buk district . The district town and seat of the district office was the city of costs.

In 1835, the revised town order was introduced for costs and smacks. As part of the province of Posen, the district Kosten became part of the newly founded German Empire on January 18, 1871 , against which the Polish MPs protested in the new Reichstag on April 1, 1871.

On October 1, 1887, the new Schmiegel district was formed from the eastern part of the district of Kosten . In detail, the cities of Schmiegel and Wielichowo as well as the police districts Schmiegel-West, Schmiegel-Ost and Wielichowo changed to the new district of Schmiegel.

On December 27, 1918, the Greater Poland uprising of the Polish majority against German rule began in the province of Posen , and after just a few days the district was under Polish control. On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting, and on June 28, 1919, the German government officially ceded the cost district to newly founded Poland with the signing of the Versailles Treaty .

The Polish powiat Kościan became the cost district . In 1932 the neighboring powiat Śmigiel was dissolved and reunited with the powiat Kościan.

Population development

year	Residents	source
1818	38,612
1846	53,174
1871	66,182
1900	42,980
1905	44,713
1910	47,325

In 1905, 89% of the inhabitants of the district were Poles and 11% German . Most of the German residents left the area after 1918.

politics

District administrators

• 1793–1806 00Andreas von Pottworowski
• 1818–1832 Casimir von Bielinski00
• 1832–1833 from Kulemann ( provisional )00
• 1833–1848 Liebeskind00
• 1848–1866 Guido von Madai (1810–1892)00
• 1866–1879 Leo Delsa (1821–1910)00
• 1880–1881 Friedrich Brütt (1844–1921)00
• 1882–1890 large00
• 1890-1894 Hoffmann00
• 1894–1904 Behrnauer00
• 1904–1907 August Theodor Schmöle (1865–1919)00
• 1907– Robert Lorenz000000

elections

The district of Kosten was part of the Posen 4 constituency of the Reichstag . The constituency was won by the candidates of the Polish parliamentary group in all Reichstag elections between 1871 and 1912 :

• 1871 Alfred von Zoltowski00
• 1874 Joseph von Zoltowski00
• 187700 Joseph von Zoltowski
• 1878 Theophil Magdzinski00
• 1881 Marzel von Zoltowski00
• 1884 Ludwig von Mycielski00
• 188700 Ludwig von Mycielski
• 188700 Ludwig von Mycielski
• 1890 Idzizlaw Czartoryski00
• 189300 Idzizlaw Czartoryski
• 1898 Stephan Cegielski00
• 1903 Witold von Skarzynski00
• 190700 Witold von Skarzynski
• 1912 Franciczek von Morawski00

Municipal structure

The three cities of Kosten , Czempin and Kriewen belonged to the district of Kosten . The (as of 1908) 84 rural communities and 51 manor districts were initially combined in (smaller) Woyt districts (Polish “wójt” = German “Vogt”) and later in larger police districts.

Communities

At the beginning of the 20th century the following communities belonged to the district:

Old Lubosch Bieczyn Bielewo Biezyn bleaching Bonikowo Borowo Cichowo Czarkow Czempin , city Dalewo Darnowo Donatovo Drozdzyce Gierlachowo Gluchowo Gorka Goruszki Gorzyce Gorzyczki Granovko Great Rogaczewo Great Srocko

Gryzyn Gurostwo Ignacewo Januszewo Jarogniewice Jasin Jerka Jurkovo Katarzynowo Kawczyn Kielczewo Kobelnik Kokorzyn Konojad Konty-Maciejewo Kopaszewo Cost , city Kriewen , city Krzan Kurowo Lagiewnik Lagowo Lubin

Luszkowo Maximilianowo Mikoszki Poppy Village Mosciszki Naclaw New Borovko New Dalabuszki New Golembin New Kurzagora New Lubosch New Oborzysk New Tarnowo Neuhof Ossovo Piechanin Pietrowo Piotrkowice Ponin Racot Rombin Seehofen Sepienko

Sierakowo Sierniki Slonin Spitkowki Stankowo Stenzyca Swiniec Szczodrowo Teklimysl Turew Wieszkowo Witkowki Wlawie Wyrzeka Wyskoc Zadory Zbenchy Zelazno Zgliniec Ziemnice

With a few exceptions, the Polish place names continued to apply after 1815, and several place names were Germanized at the beginning of the 20th century.

See also

• District costs (Wartheland)

literature

• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 157-148, item 7.
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. Edited and compiled from the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Part IV: The Province of Posen , Berlin 1874, pp. 40–51 ( e-copy, pp. 47-58 ).
• ACA Friedrich: Historical-geographical representation of old and new Poland . Berlin 1839, pp. 576-577.
• Leopold von Zedlitz-Neukirch : The state forces of the Prussian monarchy under Friedrich Wilhelm III . Volume 2, part 1, Berlin 1828, pp. 96-97, item VI
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

• District costs administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of August 18, 2013.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
2. ↑ Historical, statistical, topographical description of South Prussia, 1798
3. ↑ Walther Hubatsch (ed.): Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945. Johann Gottfried Herder Institute, Marburg / Lahn; Volume 2, Part 1: Province of Poznan. edited by Dieter Stüttgen, 1975, ISBN 3-87969-109-6
4. ↑ ACA Friederich: Historical-geographical representation of old and new Poland . Stuhrsche Buchhandlung, Berlin ( digitized version [accessed on August 8, 2018]).
5. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
6. ^ The municipalities and manors of the Poznan Province and their population in 1871
7. ↑ Handbook on the Royal Prussian Court and State for the year 1798 (digitized version)