District bomb

The district of Bomst in South Prussia

The district of Bomst within the boundaries from 1818 to 1920

Administrative division of the Province of Posen (as of 1899) District Bydgoszcz District Posen





The Prussian district of Bomst existed in different delimitations from 1793 to 1807 in the province of South Prussia , from 1815 to 1920 in the province of Posen and from 1920 to 1938 in the border region of Posen-West Prussia .

Location of the district of Bomst in the province of Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia (1922–1938)

size

The district of Bomst had an area of ​​1037 km² until 1919, after that 297 km².

history

The area around the Greater Poland cities of Bomst and Wollstein belonged to the Bomst district in the Prussian province of South Prussia after the Third Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807 . Through the Peace of Tilsit , the Bomst district became part of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 . After the Congress of Vienna , on May 15, 1815, the district again fell to the Kingdom of Prussia and became part of the Poznan administrative district of the Poznan Province.

During the Prussian administrative reforms , a district reform was carried out in the Posen administrative region on January 1, 1818, during which the Bomst district ceded the area around the town of Neutomischel to the Buk district and the area around the city of Bentschen to the Meseritz district . In return, the district received the area around Priment from the Fraustadt district . The town of Wollstein became the seat of the District Office .

As part of the province of Posen, the Bomst district belonged to the newly founded German Reich from January 18, 1871 , against which the Polish members of the Reichstag protested on April 1, 1871.

On December 27, 1918, the Wielkopolska uprising of the Polish majority against German rule began in the province of Posen , and by the beginning of January 1919 the eastern two thirds of the district were under Polish control (the district town of Wollstein from January 5, 1919, bombing was from 25 January to 12 February 1919 only temporarily occupied by Polish troops).

On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting, and on June 28, 1919, with the signing of the Versailles Treaty , the German government officially ceded the eastern two thirds of the Bomst district (740 km²) to newly founded Poland . who became the new powiat Wolsztyn .

The western part of the Bomst district (297 km²) that remained with Germany was initially co-administered by the Züllichau-Schwiebus district in Brandenburg from February 27, 1919 .

From November 20, 1919, the district of Bomst was administered from Schneidemühl ( Reg.Bez. Schneidemühl ) and subsequently belonged to the newly formed Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia province of the Free State of Prussia in 1922 .

As part of the dissolution of the Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia province on October 1, 1938, the Bomst district was also dissolved. The northern part with Bomst and Unruhstadt came to the Brandenburg district of Züllichau-Schwiebus , the southern part to the Lower Silesian district of Grünberg .

Population development

year	Residents	source
1818	38,588
1846	48,513
1871	55.106
1900	59,654
1905	58,714
1910	63.120
1925	13,179
1933	13,261

In 1905, 51% of the inhabitants of the district were Germans and 49% Poles. In 1925, 6,848 of the inhabitants of the reduced district were Protestant, 6,224 Catholics and 34 Jews. Even in the remainder of the Bomst district that remained with Germany, there was a significant Polish population; In 1939, the district town of Bomst had 30% Polish residents.

politics

District administrators

• 1793– 000000Ludwig von Mielecki
• 0000-1797 00by Haza
• 1797–1806 00Anselm Rudolph von Unruh
• 1815–1824 00Hans von Unruh
• 1824-1834 00by Pinto
• 1834–1837 Ernst Bitter (1809–1843)00
• 00Byern 1837–1846
• 1846–1851 Jérôme von Schlotheim (1809–1882)00
• 1853–1893 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst (1825–1894)00
• 1894–1900 Kuno von Westarp (1864–1945)00
• 1901–1908 Karl Hayessen00
• 1909–1919 00Artur von Lucke
• 1919–1933 00Kurt Konrad von Monbar
• 1933–1935 00Anton Hauk
• 1935–1937 00Karl Schröder (substitute)
• 1937–1938 Franz Clemens Schiffer (1896–1940)00

elections

The Bomst district together with the Meseritz district formed the Posen 3 Reichstag constituency . In the Reichstag elections between 1871 and 1912, the following members were elected:

• 1871 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst , Free Conservative Party00
• 187400 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
• 187700 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
• 187800 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
• 188100 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
• 188400 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
• 188700 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
• 189000 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
• 189300 Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
• 1898 Stephan von Dziembowski-Bomst , Free Conservative Party00
• 1903 Hans Otto von Gersdorff , German Conservative Party00
• 190700 Hans Otto von Gersdorff, German Conservative Party
• 1912 Kuno von Westarp , German Conservative Party00

Municipal structure

Until 1920, the Bomst district included the six towns of Bomst, Kopnitz, Rakwitz , Rothenburg an der Obra , Unruhstadt and Wollstein. The (as of 1908) 105 rural communities and 37 manorial districts were combined in police districts.

The smaller district of Bomst included the cities of Bomst and Unruhstadt as well as 26 rural communities since 1920.

Communities

The following municipalities belonged to the part of the Bomst district that fell to Poland in 1920:

Adamowo Adolfowo Old Borui Alt Widzim Old monastery Barloschen at Goscieszyn Barloschen near Wollstein Belencin Blenke Blotnik Blumer Hauland Borui, village Borui, church square Chorzemin German Zodien Dombrofker Hauland Elisabethhof Faustinberg Absence Friedheim Gloden Godziszewo

Goile Gorsko Big Groitzig Large carnation Gushin hammer Template Jaromierz Jazyniec Karpitzko Loyal to the emperor Gable Kielkowo Kielpin Small, large Kleindorf Koebnitz Komorowo Hauland Kopnitz , city Lindenheim Lonkie Marianowo

Mauche Mill Valley Naroshnik New Borui New Dombrowo New Obra Hauland New Widzim Neudorf Nieborze Niederhausen Obra Priment Primentdorf Radomierz Rakwitz, village Rakwitz , city Rattai Reklin Rothenburg an der Obra , city Ruchocice Claw Schleunchen

Siedlec Silz Silz Hauland Starkowo Stradyn Tannheim Tarnowo Teichrode Theresienau Tloker Hauland Tloki Tuchorze Woodland Wioska Wiosker Hauland Wollstein , city Wonchabno Woyciechowo Wroniawy Zakrzewo Brick building land Zodyne

The following communities remained in the German Empire after 1920 :

Alt Jaromierz Hauland Alt Obra Hauland Old Tepper stalls Bergvorwerk Bomst , city Bruchdorf Chwalim

Droniki Friedendorf Large village Great Posemukel Barren Little Posemukel Kramzig

cross Lupitze New Jaromierz Hauland New Kramzig New Tepper stalls Pfalzdorf Ruden

Schenawe Shot end Schwenten Restless pig Clock city, city Wilze Woynowo

In 1937 there were a number of ideologically motivated renaming:

• Alt Jaromierz Hauland → Alt Hauland
• Chwalim → old vines
• Droniki → Fleißwiese
• Groß Posemukel → Groß Posenbrück
• Klein Posemukel → Klein Posenbrück
• Kramzig → Krammenee
• Lupitze → Ostweide
• New Jaromierz Hauland → New Hauland
• New Kramzig → Kleistdorf
• Schenawe → Schönforst
• Schussenze → Ostlinde
• Wilze → Wolfsheide
• Woynowo → Reckenwalde

See also

• Wollstein district

literature

• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 144-145, item 3.
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. Edited and compiled from the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Part IV: The Province of Posen , Berlin 1874, pp. 96-103 ( e-copy, pp. 103-110 ).
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
• Leopold von Zedlitz-Neukirch (ed.): The Prussian state in all its relationships . Volume 3, Berlin 1837, pp. 154-155.
• ACA Friedrich: Historical-geographical representation of old and new Poland . Berlin 1839, pp. 574-575.
• Martin Sprungala: The history of the Poznan districts and independent cities, Bad Bevensen 2007.
• Martin Sprungala: Historical Directory of the Province of Poznan and the Poznań Voivodeship (Poznan), Bad Bevensen 2007.
• Reinhold Olesch : On the dialect of Chwalim in the former border region of Posen-West Prussia (= treatises of the humanities and social science class of the Academy of Sciences and Literature in Mainz. Born in 1956, No. 6).

Web links

Commons : Kreis Bomst  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• District of Bomst administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of August 13, 2013.
• Municipality directory Landkreis Bomst - gemeindeververzeichnis.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
2. ↑ Historical, statistical, topographical description of South Prussia, 1798
3. ↑ Walther Hubatsch (ed.): Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945. Johann Gottfried Herder Institute, Marburg / Lahn; Volume 2, Part 1: Province of Poznan. edited by Dieter Stüttgen, 1975, ISBN 3-87969-109-6
4. ↑ ACA Friederich: Historical-geographical representation of old and new Poland . Stuhrsche Buchhandlung, Berlin ( digitized version [accessed on August 8, 2018]).
5. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
6. ^ The municipalities and manors of the Poznan Province and their population in 1871
7. ^ ^{A b} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Bomst district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
8. ↑ The Big Brockhaus . 15th edition, sixteenth volume, Leipzig 1933, p. 745.
9. ↑ ^{a b c} Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .