Pleschen district

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The Pleschen district within the boundaries from 1818 to 1887
The Pleschen district within the boundaries from 1887 to 1919
Kreis Adelnau Kreis Birnbaum Kreis Bomst Landkreis Bromberg Kreis Czarnikau Kreis Filehne Kreis Fraustadt Kreis Gnesen Kreis Gostyn Kreis Grätz Kreis Hohensalza Kreis Jarotschin Kreis Kempen Kreis Kolmar in Posen Kreis Koschmin Kreis Kosten Kreis Krotoschin Kreis Lissa Kreis Meseritz Kreis Mogilno Kreis Neutomischel Kreis Obornik Kreis Ostrowo Kreis Pleschen Kreis Posen-Ost Kreis Posen-West Kreis Rawitsch Kreis Samter Kreis Schildberg Kreis Schmiegel Kreis Schrimm Kreis Schroda Kreis Schubin Kreis Strelno Kreis Schwerin an der Warthe Kreis Wirsitz Kreis Witkowo Kreis Wongrowitz Kreis Wreschen Kreis Znin Schneidemühl Bydgoszcz Posen
Administrative division of the Province of Posen (as of 1919) District Bydgoszcz District Posen





The Pleschen district on the south-eastern edge of the Prussian province of Posen existed from 1818 to 1919. The former district area today belongs to the Polish Greater Poland Voivodeship .

size

The Pleschen district had an area of ​​482 km² since 1887.

Administrative history

After the Second Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807, the area around the two Polish cities of Pleschen and Jarotschin belonged to the Adelnau and Krotoschin districts of the South Prussian province of the Kingdom of Prussia . After the Peace of Tilsit , the area fell to the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 . After the Congress of Vienna on May 15, 1815, the area again fell to the Kingdom of Prussia.

In the course of the Prussian administrative reforms , the Pleschen district was formed on January 1, 1818 from parts of the Adelnau and Krotoschin districts . The town of Pleschen became the district town and seat of the District Office .

As part of the Posen Province, the Pleschen district became part of the newly founded German Empire on January 18, 1871 , against which the Polish MPs protested in the new Reichstag on April 1, 1871.

On October 1, 1887, the district gave the city and police district of Jarotschin , the city and police district of Neustadt an der Warthe and the police district of Kotlin to the newly formed district of Jarotschin .

On December 27, 1918, the Wielkopolska uprising of the Polish majority against German rule began in the province of Posen , and in January 1919 the area of ​​the Pleschen district was under Polish control. On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting, and on June 28, 1919, the German government officially ceded the Pleschen district to newly founded Poland with the signing of the Versailles Treaty .

Population development

year Residents source
1818 32,390
1846 59,296
1871 61.186
1890 31,820
1900 33,660
1910 37,362

Of the population in 1890, 87% were Poles, 11% German and 2% Jews. Two thirds of the German population lived in the city of Pleschen , the majority left the area after 1919.

politics

District administrators

1820-1831 Lantier00
1831-1848 Rankowicz00
1848–1850 Eduard von Suchodolski (1804–1873)00
1853–1858 Ernst Ferdinand Gregorovius (* 1816)00
1861–1885 Ernst Ferdinand Gregorovius ( second term of office )00
1886–1887 by Schwichow00
1887–1890 Hugo Elbertzhagen00
1890–1895 Paul Blomeyer (1860–1918)00
1895–1902 by Roëll00
1902–1905 Fritz von Eichmann (1866–1918)00
1905–1917 Georg Gewiese (1869–1917)00
1917–1918 Carl Oldwig von Natzmer (1878–1943)00

elections

The Pleschen district was part of the Posen 8th Reichstag constituency . The constituency was won by candidates from the Polish parliamentary group in all Reichstag elections between 1871 and 1912 :

Municipal structure

The only town in the district was Pleschen. The rural communities and manor districts were initially combined to form smaller Woyt districts (Polish "wójt" = German "Vogt") and later to form larger police districts. On January 1, 1908, there were 75 rural communities and 50 manor districts in addition to the town of Pleschen.

Communities

At the beginning of the 20th century the following communities belonged to the district:

  • Baranov
  • Bieganin village
  • Bieganin Hauland
  • Bismarksdorf
  • Bogwidz-Kotarby
  • Borucin village
  • Borucin Hauland
  • Bronischewitz
  • Brunow
  • Brzezie
  • Czarnuszka
  • Czechel
  • Czermin
  • Czerminek
  • Drosenau
  • Owl Village
  • Spiritually Wola
  • Golukhov
  • Grodzisko
  • Great Galonski
  • Grudzielec village
  • Grudzielec Hauland
  • Green meadow
  • Gurzno village
  • Gurzno Hauland
  • Good Hope
  • Gutow
  • Jankow
  • Jedlec
  • Kayev
  • Karminek
  • Kotowiecko
  • Kovalev
  • Krzywosondowo
  • Kucharki
  • Kuchary
  • Kuczkow-Chrzanow
  • Lenartowitz
  • ling
  • Leonardovo
  • Lubomierz
  • Ludwina
  • Macew
  • Marienbronn
  • New carmine
  • Neudorf
  • Pacanowitz
  • Pavlov
  • Piekarzew
  • Pieruszyce
  • Pieruszyczki
  • Pirschütz
  • Pleschen , city
  • Polskie
  • Popowek
  • Prokopov
  • Rokutov
  • Rothendorf
  • Rzegocin
  • Scholow
  • Makes sense
  • Skrzypno
  • Sobotka
  • Strielau
  • Strzydew
  • Szkudla
  • Taczanow
  • Tursko
  • Wheat field
  • Wettin in Poznan
  • Wieczyn
  • Wrzesnica
  • Zabory
  • Zawada
  • Zawidowitz
  • Zbyki

The municipalities of Bogwidz and Kotarby were merged before 1908 to form the municipality of Bogwidz-Kotarby . The communities Chrzanow and Kuczkow were merged in 1906 to form the community Kuczkow-Chrzanow . With a few exceptions, the Polish place names continued to apply after 1815, and several place names were Germanized at the beginning of the 20th century.

literature

Web links

Commons : Kreis Pleschen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819 ( digitized version [accessed on August 8, 2018]).
  2. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
  3. ^ The municipalities and manors of the Poznan Province and their population in 1871
  4. ↑ a b c www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de