Reichstag election 1887
The Reichstag election in 1887 was the election for the 7th German Reichstag . It took place on February 21, 1887.
The turnout was just over 77%, well above that of all previous Reichstag elections. Only in the Reichstag election in 1907 was an even higher turnout achieved.
The election took place after the Federal Councilor and Emperor dissolved the Reichstag on January 14, 1887. The reason was the rejection of the army bill by Otto von Bismarck's government in the Reichstag. This was supposed to replace the old army law of 1881, which would have expired in the coming year. The army should be increased by around 10% to 468,000 men in peacetime. This regulation, which was justified by foreign policy tensions ( Boulangism in France), was to remain in effect for seven years ( Septennat ). Not the content, but this long period of validity met with opposition. Bismarck turned down the Center's compromise proposals ; he hoped that the new election would result in a stable, conservative, national-liberal majority. This may have been due to his concern that his influence under the possibly more liberal heir to the throne Friedrich Wilhelm - Kaiser Wilhelm I was 90 years old - would wane with a liberal majority in the Reichstag.
On the day of the dissolution, the German Conservative Party , the German Reich Party and the National Liberal Party concluded an electoral alliance to mutually support promising candidates. All three so-called cartel parties supported Bismarck's position. This made the dispute over the army bill in the election campaign a question of principle, whether the German army should be a "parliamentary army" or an "imperial army". The population evidently followed Bismarck: the cartel parties won an overwhelming victory, left-wing liberals and social democrats were weakened. On March 11, 1887, the new “Kartellreichstag” approved the septnate.
For the first time, Otto Böckel, a member of the Reichstag who described himself primarily as an anti-Semite , entered the Reichstag .
Results
Political Direction | Parties | Votes | Sit in the Reichstag | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
in millions | proportion of | compared to 1884 | absolutely | proportion of | compared to 1884 | ||||
conservative | German Conservative Party (DKP) | 1.147 | 15.2% | ± 0.0% | 80 | 20.2% | +2 | ||
German Reich Party (DRP) | 0.736 | 9.8% | + 2.9% | 42 | 10.6% | +14 | |||
liberal | Right- | National Liberal Party (NLP) | 1.678 | 22.2% | + 4.6% | 97 | 24.4% | +46 | |
Independent liberals | n / A | n / A | n / A | 3 | 0.8% | +3 | |||
Left- | German Radical Party (DFP) | 0.973 | 12.9% | −4.7% | 32 | 8.1% | −35 | ||
German People's Party (DtVP) | 0.089 | 1.2% | −0.5% | - | - | −7 | |||
Catholics | Center Party | 1.516 | 20.1% | −2.5% | 98 | 24.7% | −1 | ||
Socialists | Social Democrats (SAP) | 0.763 | 10.1% | + 0.4% | 11 | 2.8% | −13 | ||
Regional parties , minorities |
German-Hanoverian Party (DHP) | 0.113 | 1.5% | −0.2% | 4th | 1.0% | −7 | ||
Poland | 0.220 | 2.9% | −0.7% | 13 | 3.3% | −3 | |||
Danes | 0.012 | 0.2% | −0.1% | 1 | 0.3% | ± 0 | |||
Alsace-Lorraine | 0.234 | 3.1% | + 0.2% | 15th | 3.8% | ± 0 | |||
Anti-semites | 0.012 | 0.2% | + 0.2% | 1 | 0.3% | +1 | |||
Others | 0.048 | 0.6% | + 0.4% | - | - | ± 0 | |||
total | 7.541 | 100% | 397 | 100% |
Elected MPs by constituency
In each of the 397 constituencies , a member was elected by absolute majority voting. If no candidate achieved an absolute majority in the first ballot, a runoff election was held between the two best-placed candidates. The following tables show the constituency winners and their party status as stated in the official final result. In some cases the name of the electoral district winner is not or only partially known.
Prussia
Bavaria
Saxony
Württemberg
to bathe
Grand Duchy of Baden | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Constance , Überlingen , Stockach | Konstantin Noppel | NLP | |
2 | Donaueschingen , Villingen | Hermann von Hornstein | DKP | |
3 | Waldshut , Säckingen , Neustadt in the Black Forest | Ernst Friedrich Krafft | NLP | |
4th | Loerrach , Muellheim | Ernst Blankenhorn | NLP | |
5 | Freiburg , Emmendingen | Carl Schuster | NLP | |
6th | Lahr , Wolfach | Carl Engler | NLP | |
7th | Offenburg , Kehl | Alfred von Degenfeld | NLP | |
8th | Rastatt , Bühl , Baden-Baden | Franz Xaver Lender | center | |
9 | Pforzheim , Ettlingen | Gottlieb Klumpp | NLP | |
10 | Karlsruhe , Bruchsal | Emil Fieser | NLP | |
11 | Mannheim | Philipp Diffené | NLP | |
12 | Heidelberg , Mosbach | Julius Menzer | DKP | |
13 | Bretten , Sinsheim | Ernst von Göler-Ravensburg | DKP | |
14th | Tauberbischofsheim , Buchen | Rudolf von Buol-Berenberg | center |
Hesse
Grand Duchy of Hesse | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Giessen , Grünberg , Nidda | Hugo Buderus | NLP | |
2 | Friedberg , Büdingen , Vilbel | Philipp Brand | NLP | |
3 | Lauterbach , Alsfeld , Schotten | Fritz Kalle | NLP | |
4th | Darmstadt , Gross-Gerau | Justus Ulrich | NLP | |
5 | Offenbach , Dieburg | Gustav Boehm | NLP | |
6th | Erbach , Bensheim , Lindenfels , Neustadt im Odenwald | Ferdinand Scipio | NLP | |
7th | Worms , Heppenheim , Wimpfen | Heinrich von Marquardsen | NLP | |
8th | Bingen , Alzey | Ludwig Bamberger | DFP | |
9 | Mainz , Oppenheim | Josef Racke | center |
Small states
Alsace-Lorraine
Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Altkirch , Thann | Landolin Winterer | Els.-Lothringer | |
2 | Mulhouse | Auguste Lalance | Els.-Lothringer | |
3 | Kolmar | Charles degree | Els.-Lothringer | |
4th | Gebweiler | Joseph Guerber | Els.-Lothringer | |
5 | Rappoltsweiler | Jacob Ignatius Simonis | Els.-Lothringer | |
6th | Schlettstadt | Irénée Lang | Els.-Lothringer | |
7th | Molsheim , Erstein | Edouard Sieffermann | Els.-Lothringer | |
8th | Strasbourg city | Jacques Kablé | Els.-Lothringer | |
9 | Strasbourg country | Alfred Mühleisen | Els.-Lothringer | |
10 | Hagenau , Weissenburg | Eugène de Dietrich | Els.-Lothringer | |
11 | Babble | Alfred Goldenberg | Els.-Lothringer | |
12 | Saargemünd , Forbach | Eduard Jaunez | Els.-Lothringer | |
13 | Bolchen , Diedenhofen | Henri de Wendel | Els.-Lothringer | |
14th | Metz | Dominique Antoine | Els.-Lothringer | |
15th | Saarburg , Chateau-Salins | Charles Germain | Els.-Lothringer |
The parliamentary groups of the 7th Reichstag
In the 7th Reichstag, several members of the parliament did not join the faction of their actual party and some remained non-attached. Three DHP MPs joined the center group. Due to deaths and not accepted mandates, the Reichstag only had 394 members at the beginning of the 7th legislative period, who were distributed among the individual parliamentary groups as follows:
center | 101 |
National Liberals | 96 |
German Conservatives | 78 |
Free Conservatives | 42 |
Free minded | 31 |
Poland | 12 |
Social democrats | 11 |
Danes | 1 |
Non-attached | 22nd |
In the further course of the legislative period, the strength of the individual parliamentary groups changed several times due to by-elections and changes in parliamentary groups.
See also
Web links
- Statistical Yearbook of the German Reich (PDF; 161 kB)
- Result of the Reichstag election in 1887 with graphic
- Elections in Germany until 1918 , there:
- German history in documents and pictures , there:
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Imperial Statistical Office (Ed.): Monthly Issues for Statistics of the German Empire, year 1887, issue 4 . Puttkammer & Mühlbrecht, Berlin 1887.
- ^ German Parliament Almanac 1887. (PDF) Munich Digitization Center, accessed on November 20, 2009 .