Oberhausen

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Oberhausen
Oberhausen
Map of Germany, position of the city of Oberhausen highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '  N , 6 ° 51'  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Dusseldorf
Administrative association: Regional Association Ruhr , Regional Association Rhineland
Height : 35 m above sea level NHN
Area : 77.09 km 2
Residents: 210,764 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 2734 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 46045, 46047, 46049,
46117, 46119,
46145, 46147, 46149Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / zip code contains text
Area code : 0208
License plate : IF
Community key : 05 1 19 000
LOCODE : DE OBE
NUTS : DEA17
City structure: 3 city ​​districts and 26 city ​​districts

City administration address : 		Schwartzstrasse 72
46045 Oberhausen
Website : www.oberhausen.de
Lord Mayor : Daniel Schranz ( CDU )
Location of the city of Oberhausen in North Rhine-Westphalia and in the administrative district of Düsseldorf
Niederlande Belgien Niedersachsen Rheinland-Pfalz Hessen Essen Wuppertal Solingen Remscheid Hagen Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis Bochum Dortmund Herne Gelsenkirchen Bottrop Oberhausen Mülheim an der Ruhr Duisburg Kreis Mettmann Düsseldorf Rhein-Kreis Neuss Kreis Heinsberg Mönchengladbach Krefeld Kreis Viersen Kreis Wesel Kreis Kleve Rhein-Erft-Kreis Kreis Düren Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis Oberbergischer Kreis Kreis Recklinghausen Kreis Borken Kreis Unna Märkischer Kreis Kreis Olpe Hamm Kreis Soest Kreis Coesfeld Kreis Steinfurt Kreis Warendorf Leverkusen Köln Städteregion Aachen Bonn Rhein-Sieg-Kreis Städteregion Aachen Kreis Euskirchen Münster Kreis Siegen-Wittgenstein Hochsauerlandkreis Kreis Paderborn Kreis Gütersloh Kreis Höxter Kreis Lippe Kreis Herford Kreis Minden-Lübbecke Bielefeldmap
About this picture

Oberhausen [ˈoːbɐhaʊ̯zn̩] is an independent city in the western Ruhr area and on the lower Lower Rhine in the administrative district of Düsseldorf in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia . Oberhausen is part of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region . She is a member of the Rhineland Regional Council , in the Ruhr Regional Association in the city region Ruhr 2030 and in the working group bicycle-friendly cities and municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia . The ironworks St. Antony , which was commissioned in 1758 in what is now the city , and the first in the Ruhr area, owes Oberhausen the nickname "cradle of the Ruhr industry". Today shopping and leisure facilities are a focus of the economy; Shopping centers, amusement parks, museums, theaters and other attractions have millions of visitors every year.

geography

Spatial location and regional planning designation

Oberhausen is geographically located in the Lower Rhine Plain on the rivers Ruhr and Emscher, which flow from east to west into the Rhine . In state planning , Oberhausen is shown as a medium-sized center and part of the European metropolitan region of Rhine-Ruhr . Oberhausen is located in the middle of the central economic area of ​​Europe, which is described by the term blue banana .

Urban area

Old town hall in the Sterkrade district

The urban area of ​​Oberhausen has an area of ​​77 km² and extends 14.6 km in north-south direction and 10.7 km in west-east direction. The length of the city limits is 53 km, the mean altitude 50 m above sea level. The center of the town, the geographical center of the city in the Sterkrade district, is located at Christinestrasse 23 and has the coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ north latitude and 6 ° 51 ′ east bank.

At 102 meters above sea level, the Knappenhalde (slag mountain) is the highest point in the city.

Since 1975 the urban area has been divided into the three districts of Alt-Oberhausen , Osterfeld and Sterkrade . They each have a district council with a district mayor . The district council has between 15 and 19 members, depending on the size of the district, and is elected by the population of the district every five years in every local election.

City structure

For statistical purposes, the city districts were divided into several statistical districts, which in turn are divided into sub-districts. However, these do not always adhere closely to the historical affiliations and the common classification. On the basis of the sub-districts, however, the city was divided into six social rooms, which in turn are subdivided into so-called quarters , which correspond significantly more to the actual or common districts - although the borders have understandably shifted slightly compared to the historical districts. There are roughly as many (social) quarters as there are statistical districts and sometimes these are completely congruent - with different names in individual cases.

The following "full" (either due to size or historical independence) city districts can be identified - after the dash, the number of subdistricts and the number of inhabitants:

Neighboring cities

Dinslaken
( Wesel district ) 		Bottrop
Neighboring communities eat
Duisburg Mülheim an der Ruhr

climate

Oberhausen
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
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59
 
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100
 
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92
 
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82
 
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77
 
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78
 
14th
8th
 
 
80
 
8th
3
 
 
93
 
5
1
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: DWD, data: 1971–2000
Oberhausen
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 4th 5 8th 13 17th 20th 21st 21st 19th 14th 8th 5 O 13
Min. Temperature (° C) -1 0 2 5 8th 11 13 13 11 8th 3 1 O 6.2
Temperature (° C) 2 2.5 6th 9.5 13 16.5 18th 18th 15th 10.5 6th 3 O 10
Precipitation ( mm ) 83 59 79 64 83 100 92 82 77 78 80 93 Σ 970
Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 1 3 3 5 6th 6th 6th 6th 5 4th 2 1 O 4th
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
4th
-1
5
0
8th
2
13
5
17th
8th
20th
11
21st
13
21st
13
19th
11
14th
8th
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
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s
c
h
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a
g 		83
59
79
64
83
100
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  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: DWD, data: 1971–2000

history

Land rulers and territorial reforms

The area of ​​today's city of Oberhausen in 1805

The area of ​​today's urban area of ​​Oberhausen belonged to different rulers until the end of the 18th century. While Lippern ( Lipper Heide ) and Lirich belonged to the imperial monastery of Essen ( Essen-Borbeck ), Styrum to the empire-free rule of Styrum , Alstaden and Dümpten to the rule of Broich , the mayorry Holten with Buschhausen and Sterkrade were in the Wesel district in the Prussian duchy of Kleve and Osterfeld in the Electorate of Cologne Vest Recklinghausen . After temporary affiliation from 1806 to the Grand Duchy of Berg (Alt-Oberhausen, Sterkrade) and from 1803 to the Duchy of Arenberg-Meppen (Osterfeld), the entire present-day urban area came to Prussia in 1815 . In the course of the administrative division of the Prussian State, the localities were assigned to the districts of Recklinghausen in the administrative district of Münster ( Westphalia ), Dinslaken in the administrative district of Kleve and Essen in the administrative district of Düsseldorf . The latter two districts were already merged on September 27, 1823 to form the new district of Duisburg in the administrative district of Düsseldorf ( Rhine Province ), which was united with the Klever district in 1821 .

The settlement increased strongly due to the mining of coal , initially iron ore . Like other places in the Ruhr area , Oberhausen also grew from a rural area to an industrial location with collieries , steelworks and the chemical industry .

The iron smelting represents the beginning of industrialization in this area. The Antoniehütte (also St.-Antony-Hütte) is located in the (today's) urban area of ​​Oberhausen. It is known as the cradle of the Ruhr industry (1758).

The Oberhausen mayor's office was formed on February 1, 1862 at the instigation of the Duisburg District Administrator Anton Kessler from parts from six other communities. The original cell and the largest share of the area (two thirds) was provided by the Borbeck community with the districts of Lippern and Lirich, which previously belonged to the Essen Imperial Monastery . In addition, there were parts of Alstaden , Dümpten and Styrum from the Mülheim-Land mayor's office. There were also smaller parts of Meiderich and Buschhausen. The name of Oberhausen was given to the young community from the station of the same name that was newly established in 1847 (the first station in Borbeck at the time) on the Cöln-Minden Railway , which in turn took its name from the castle of Count Westerholt on the Emscher . Twelve years later, on September 10, 1874, the municipality of Oberhausen received city ​​rights through the introduction of the city code . It became a district town in the district of Mülheim an der Ruhr, which had emerged shortly before on December 8, 1873 from the district of Duisburg (after Duisburg left the district on June 27, 1873). On April 1, 1901, Oberhausen also left it after it had reached the mark of 40,000 inhabitants in accordance with the Rhenish provincial order and thus also became an urban district.

Further area growth followed:

  • April 1, 1909: Incorporation of the southern part of Buschhausen (Grafenbusch with Oberhausen Castle )
  • April 1, 1910: incorporation of Alstaden and the northern parts of Dümpten and Styrum
  • April 1, 1915: incorporation of parts of Borbecks , Dellwigs and Frintrops

Osterfeld belonged to the mayor's office in Bottrop from 1811 and from 1844 to the Bottrop office in the Recklinghausen district , broke away from the Bottrop office on July 1, 1891 in the course of industrialization and received city ​​rights on June 17, 1921 . After it had exceeded the mark of 30,000 inhabitants, Osterfeld left the district of Recklinghausen on January 1, 1922 in accordance with the Westphalian provincial order and became an independent urban district .

Sterkrade belonged to the mayor's office Holten in the district of Dinslaken or from September 27, 1823 to the district of Duisburg and from December 8, 1873 to the district of Mülheim an der Ruhr. On April 1, 1886, the mayor's office of Holten was divided into the mayor's offices of Beeck and Sterkrade (with the municipality of Sterkrade, the city of Holten, the department of Holten and Buschhausen), which on April 20, 1887 to the Ruhrort district and on April 1, 1909 to the district Dinslaken came. At the same time, Buschhausen was divided. The largest part was incorporated into Sterkrade. A smaller area in the south came to Oberhausen, the Grafenbusch with Oberhausen Castle. On April 1, 1913, Sterkrade received city ​​rights , the Sterkrade mayor was divided into the town of Sterkrade and the mayor of Holten. As early as July 1, 1917, the Holten mayor and a large part of the Hiesfeld mayor, the places Barmingholten, Schmachtendorf and Walsumermark, were incorporated into the town of Sterkrade. As a result, Sterkrade exceeded the mark of 40,000 inhabitants in order to leave the district of Dinslaken and become an independent urban district in accordance with the Rhenish provincial order.

As part of the municipal reorganization in the Ruhr area, the urban districts of Oberhausen an der Ruhr, Osterfeld and Sterkrade were merged to form the new urban district of Oberhausen (Rhineland) on July 29, 1929 , with corrections to the borders with the neighboring cities of Duisburg, Mülheim an der Ruhr and Bottrop. Since the merger, the city has had the suffix (Rhineland) or (Rhld.). According to the press office (August 1, 2006), this addition is still valid today. The population of Alt-Oberhausen had already exceeded the 100,000 mark in 1914, making Oberhausen a major city . Today Oberhausen has about 210,000 inhabitants.

The territorial reform of 1929 meant that today's independent city of Oberhausen has three developed centers. The “ New Center ”, which was only planned at the beginning of the 1990s, can now be rated as the city's fourth center.

Population development

Population development of Oberhausen from 1862 to 2019

In 1905 Alt-Oberhausen had more than 50,000 inhabitants. In 1915, its population exceeded 100,000, making it a major city . The incorporation of Sterkrade (50,661 inhabitants in 1925) and Osterfeld (32,655 inhabitants in 1925) brought an increase of more than 80,000 people to around 190,000 inhabitants on August 1, 1929. In 1963, the city's population reached its historic high of over 260,000. On December 31, 2016, the population was 212,460.

The unemployment rate was 9.5 percent in January 2018, and the number of registered vacancies was 3,328.

The proportion of foreigners as of December 31, 2018 was 15.4 percent (32,616). The age structure on December 31, 2018 was as follows:

  • 00-17 years: 15.8%
  • 18–64 years: 62.5%
  • from 65 years: 21.6%

Religions

A list of sacred buildings in Oberhausen can be found in the list of sacred buildings in Oberhausen .

Christianity

Denomination statistics

According to the 2011 census , 27.1% of the population in 2011 were Protestant , 40.3% were predominantly Roman Catholic and 32.6% were non-denominational , belonged to another religious community or did not provide any information. The number of Protestants and Catholics has fallen since then and at around 42%, people who do not belong to a legally or corporately constituted religious community are a relative majority of the population. Currently (as of December 31, 2019) Oberhausen has 212,199 inhabitants, 73,762 (34.8 percent) Catholics , 49,420 (23.3 percent) Protestants and 89,017 (41.9 percent) residents do not belong to a public religious society.

Catholic Church

Parish church Herz Jesu in Oberhausen-Mitte

In the southernmost part of the city of Oberhausen, the villages of Lirich and Lippern (Lipperheide) originally belonged to the Imperial Monastery of Essen (Borbeck) and thus to the Archdiocese of Cologne , because the abbess of Essen had her places administered by an official invested by the Archbishop of Cologne . In the parish, they were supplied from the Petrikirche in Mülheim an der Ruhr . After this became Protestant in 1555, the castle chapel of Styrum was the next Catholic church, because the rule of Styrum had remained Catholic.

Since 1763 the southern localities of Oberhausen (Alstaden, Styrum) belonged to the newly founded parish of St. Marien in Mülheim-Styrum, while the people in the rest of today's Alt-Oberhausen were looked after by St. Dionysius Borbeck .

From 1821, all Catholic parishes south of the Emscher belonged to the Archdiocese of Cologne . In 1857 the first Catholic church was built in the area of ​​the later town of Oberhausen, the St. Marien Church , and in 1864 the second church was built with St. Joseph in Styrum. In 1888 St. Marien was elevated to a parish, a year later St. Joseph was also separated from St. Mariae Birth in Mülheim. In the next few years several parishes were founded, mostly from St. Joseph.

The parishes north of the Emscher belonged to the diocese of Münster and from 1904 to the Ruhrort deanery. In 1910 Sterkrade became the seat of its own deanery , and a monastery had already been established there in 1240 . Osterfeld already had a church around 1000.

In 1958 all Catholic parishes in Oberhausen were assigned to the new diocese of Essen . In 1960, the first bishop of Essen combined all of the Oberhausen parishes to form the city dean of Oberhausen, initially with the three deans of Alt-Oberhausen, Sterkrade and Osterfeld. With the amalgamation of the Sterkrade and Osterfeld deaneries to form the Oberhausen-Sterkrade-Osterfeld deanery, two deaneries have existed since 2003. In the course of the restructuring of the deaneries and parishes in the diocese of Essen in 2007, Oberhausen and Oberhausen-Sterkrade-Osterfeld were merged into the deanery of Oberhausen. Since then the following large Catholic parishes, parishes and churches have existed in Oberhausen:

Provost church St. Clemens in Oberhausen-Sterkrade

Propstei St. Clemens Sterkrade: St. Clemens , St. Josef Buschhausen, Liebfrauen Schwarze Heide, Herz Jesu Sterkrade , St. Barbara Königshardt, St. Theresia of the Child Jesus Walsumermark, St. Josef Schmachtendorf and St. Johann Holten. The church of St. Pius was demolished - the parish of St. Pius combined with the Sacred Heart of Jesus - St. Bernardus is a chapel that belongs to the parish of St. Clemens. Christ König in the area of ​​St. Josef Buschhausen acts as the youth church TABGHA .

Propstei St. Pankratius Osterfeld: St. Pankratius , St. Marien Rothebusch and St. Franziskus Osterfeld. The community of St. Franziskus Osterfeld consists of the churches of St. Antonius Klosterhardt, St. Jakobus and St. Josef. The St. Pankratius parish also uses the evangelical parish center Quellstrasse in Borbeck.

Parish of St. Marien Oberhausen-Mitte: St. Marien , St. John Evangelist, To Our Lady Styrum and St. Katharina Lirich. In addition to the main church of St. Mary, the church of St. Michael and the “conference church” of the Holy Spirit belong to the parish of St. Marien . The Holy Family Church is located in the area of ​​St. Katharina and now serves the Oberhausen table.

Parish Herz Jesu Oberhausen-Mitte: Herz Jesu , St. Joseph Styrum and St. Antonius Alstaden . St. Peter Alstaden also belongs to St. Antonius . The former branch church in Alstaden, St. Hildegard am Ruhrpark, was demolished.

Protestant church

Evangelical Paulus Church

After the city of Oberhausen was founded in 1862, the number of Protestant parishioners in the southern area of ​​today's city of Oberhausen ( Alstaden , Dümpten and Styrum or Lippern and Lirich) grew rapidly. In 1864 the Protestant parish of Oberhausen I was established with the Christ Church and in 1893 the Protestant parish of Oberhausen II with the Luther Church as its center. The first Protestants had already lived in Sterkrade on the Königshardt in 1774, but it was not until 1846 that the Sterkrade parish was founded. In Osterfeld a separate parish was established in 1896, which belonged to the Westphalian Provincial Church of the Evangelical Church of the older provinces of Prussia and from 1945 to the Evangelical Church of Westphalia . All other Protestant parishes in Oberhausen belonged to the Rhenish Provincial Church of the Evangelical Church in Prussia and to the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland .

Luther Church in Alt-Oberhausen

In 1954, Oberhausen became the seat of its own parish within the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland , to which eight parishes currently belong:

  • the Christ parish
  • the Emmaus parish (founded in 2007 by the merger of the Paulus parish (formerly Oberhausen I) and the parishes of Alstaden and Buschhausen)
  • the Luther parish (formerly Oberhausen II)
  • the Markus parish
  • the apostles parish
  • the resurrection parish (formerly Osterfeld)
  • the parish of Holten-Sterkrade ( founded in 2010 by the merger of the parishes of Holten and Sterkrade )
  • the parish of Königshardt-Schmachtendorf (founded in 2007 through the merger of the parishes of Königshardt and Schmachtendorf) .

Other denominations

In Oberhausen there is also the Old Catholic Church and the Lutheran Trinitatis Congregation of the SELK as well as congregations that belong to free churches : a congregation of the Apostolic Community , an Evangelical Free Church congregation ( Baptists ), a Free Evangelical congregation (FeG) and a congregation of the Seventh-day Adventists (SDA). Furthermore, six congregations of the New Apostolic Church are represented in Oberhausen as well as one congregation of the Christadelphians .

In addition, several German assemblies of Jehovah's Witnesses are located in Oberhausen, as well as assemblies in Albanian , French , Lingála , Romani , Serbo-Croatian and West African pidgin English.

Judaism

In 1933 there were about 600 Jews in Oberhausen. In 1898 a synagogue was built at Friedenstrasse 24, which was burned down during the Reichspogromnacht from November 9th to 10th, 1938 under the supervision of the Oberhausen fire brigade. The Holten synagogue in Mechthildisstrasse, built in 1858, was given up again in 1927, sold in 1936 and used as a residential building ever since.

In 1968 the Jewish communities in Oberhausen, Mülheim an der Ruhr and Duisburg merged to form a common religious community - the Jewish community of Duisburg-Mülheim / Ruhr-Oberhausen . When the number of parishioners rose to over 2,800 in the 1990s - due to the immigration of Jews from the successor states of the Soviet Union - the construction of a new synagogue and a community center became necessary. The Jewish community and the three cities of Oberhausen, Mülheim / Ruhr and Duisburg jointly agreed on a new building in Duisburg's inner harbor , which was completed in 1999.

Since 2005 there has also been a liberal Jewish community in Oberhausen, which has been recognized by the Union of Progressive Jews and whose membership is growing steadily. The congregation's premises are on Friedensplatz, not far from the synagogue on Friedensstrasse, which was destroyed in 1938.

Islam

Due to the large number of people of Turkish origin in Oberhausen, especially in the districts of Tackenberg , Knappenviertel and Osterfeld , there are now 15 mosques of different providers in the urban area :

The Haci-Bayram-Mosque in the district of Schwarze Heide, the Ayasofya-Mosque in Lirich-Nord, the Mevlana-Mosque in Klosterhardt-Nord and the Ulu-Mosque in Osterfeld-Ost are managed under the umbrella organization DITIB . The VIKZ umbrella organization includes the VIKZ mosque and the Fatih mosque in Osterfeld-West and the Oberhausen mosque in Lirich-Nord. The IGMG umbrella organization runs the Aksemseddin Mosque in the Holten district. The Bosnian mosque in the Osterfeld district is under the direction of the Islamic Community of Bosniaks in Germany . The Assalam Mosque in the center of Oberhausen is just like the Masjid Sunnah Mosque in the Lirich district, the Anour Mosque in Osterfeld, the Mosque of the Islamic Community in Osterfeld-West, the Oberhausen Mosque in the Heide district and the Mosque of the Turkish Oberhausen municipality in Osterfeld-Ost without an umbrella organization.

politics

City council

Election of the Oberhausen City Council in 2014
in percent
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
39.0%
32.9%
8.6%
8.6%
8.0%
2.8%
0.2%
BOB
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
-5.0  % p
+ 2.9  % p
-1.8  % p
+ 8.6  % p
-0.5  % p
-4.2  % p
+ 0.1  % p
BOB
Otherwise.
Allocation of seats in the
Oberhausen City Council 2014
      
A total of 60 seats

With the formation of the municipality of Oberhausen in 1862, the mayor's constitution with a municipal council and mayor was introduced. There were also two councilors. After receiving city rights in 1874, there were city councilors and mayors who, after obtaining district freedom in 1901, carried the title of mayor . Osterfeld and Sterkrade also each had a local council and a mayor or mayor at the head. In the course of local reorganization in 1929, however, they lost their offices.

During the time of National Socialism , the mayor was appointed by the NSDAP . After the Second World War , the military government of the British occupation zone appointed a new Lord Mayor and in 1946 it introduced the local constitution based on the British model. Then there was a “City Council” elected by the citizens, whose members were referred to as “City Councilors”. The mayor, who worked on a voluntary basis, was elected by the council from among its members as chairman and representative of the city. The full-time senior city director was also elected by the council as head of the city administration. In 1997, the dual leadership in the city of Oberhausen was abolished due to the changed municipal code of North Rhine-Westphalia. Since then there has only been the full-time mayor, who is chairman of the council, head of the city administration and representative of the city. He was directly elected for the first time in 1999.

The City Council of Oberhausen had a total of 58 members between the 1999 local elections and the 2009 election year. After the local elections in 2009, the council grew to 62 members through compensatory mandates; since the election on May 25, 2014 there are 60 city councilors, who are distributed among the individual parties as follows:

SPD CDU Green BOB The left list FDP total
23 20th 5 5 5 2 60

The SPD, Greens and FDP form a coalition which, together with the mayor's vote, had 31 of 61 votes by October 2015. At the beginning of 2015, two members left the BOB parliamentary group and formed the Oberhausen group of citizens . On September 13, 2015, the people of Oberhausen elected the CDU candidate Daniel Schranz as their new mayor. He took up this post on October 21, 2015, which also includes chairing council meetings and voting in stalemates in council votes.

City leaders

mayor

Lord Mayor

Lord Mayor of Osterfeld

Lord Mayor of Sterkrade

Senior City Directors

coat of arms

City coat of arms of the independent city of Oberhausen

The coat of arms of the city of Oberhausen shows in a shield split by a silver tip of blue and red, a black mallet and a black iron (the symbols of mining) crossed at an angle, in front a silver rod of Mercury surrounded by two silver snakes , in the back a silver rod crossed Pliers and a silver hammer, covered with a silver gear. In the upper arms one is coping represented with five towers.

The city flag is blue / white, until 1996 black / white / red.

The city was given the coat of arms by King Wilhelm I of Prussia in 1888. However, the front field was initially black instead of blue. On October 21, 1952, the Ministry of the Interior of North Rhine-Westphalia reissued the coat of arms in its current colors. It combines the symbols of general industry (cogwheel and hammer), iron and steel works ( pliers ) and mining ( mallets and iron ) with the symbol for trade and transport ( Mercury staff ).

Town twinning

The city of Oberhausen maintains a city ​​partnership with the following cities :

The city ​​of Oberhausen maintains friendly relations with the city of Freital in Saxony .

Debt

In 2011 the city's debts amounted to around 1.4 billion euros. With almost 9,600 euros per capita, Oberhausen was the most heavily indebted city in Germany. Due to higher tax revenues and a strict austerity course, the debt has now fallen to 8,263 euros per capita in 2012. The short-term cash advances amount to 6,870 euros per capita.

Due to the budget situation, the city closed three of seven baths and built a profitable water park instead. Since 1992 it has no longer been possible to present a balanced budget due to the far-reaching structural change in the city. The benefits exceed the since the early 1990s, business taxes the city.

For the 2014 budget year, the city of Oberhausen has estimated a budget deficit in ordinary income and expenses (including financial income and expenses) of EUR -51.7 million (EUR -246 per inhabitant) in the overall result plan. This corresponds to the third-highest per capita budget deficit of all urban districts in North Rhine-Westphalia in 2014.

Regional land use plan

The city of Oberhausen is cooperating with the cities of Bochum , Essen , Gelsenkirchen , Herne and Mülheim an der Ruhr for regional land use planning ( planning community of the Ruhr urban region 2030 ). The plan drawn up by the six cities was approved in 2009 by the Ministry of Economics, Medium-Sized Enterprises and Energy of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia with certain conditions. After the councils decided to join the conditions and after the plan was announced, the first regional land use plan in history came into force on May 3, 2010. Until further notice, the first and only valid regional zoning plan can be changed and supplemented by the six cities in consultation with the Ruhr Regional Association .

Culture and sights

Art in public space

See: List of works of art in public space in Oberhausen

Theaters and museums

In addition to the city theater, there is also the Metronom Theater am Centro, which concentrates on staging musicals , and the Kleinstädter Bühne Sterkrade e. V., an amateur theater group that has had its venue in the Lito Palace in the heart of Sterkrade for 70 years. There is also the Niebuhrg Theater and the Atelier Theater.

Museums are in Oberhausen Castle , the Ludwig Galerie Schloss Oberhausen , an institution of Peter and Irene Ludwig Foundation with changing exhibitions. The Oberhausen Memorial Hall, the first memorial to the victims of National Socialism in West Germany, is located in the immediate vicinity of the Ludwig Galerie Schloss Oberhausen ; a permanent exhibition is shown here.

The Oberhausen Gasometer is one of the most famous and successful exhibition halls in the world. In 2010, the exhibition “Sternstunden - Wonders of the Solar System” attracted almost 1 million visitors to the industrial giant, making it the most successful exhibition in the year of the European Capital of Culture . The "Big Air Package" from Christo also attracted a lot of attention . The exhibition “Der Berg ruft” was on view there until October 27, 2019. The gasometer is currently closed until the beginning of 2021 due to renovation work.

Museum platform Oberhausen: pouring ladle and historic train

Located on the west side of Oberhausen's main train station, the LVR-Industriemuseum , Rheinisches Landesmuseum für Industrie- und Sozialgeschichte, has a permanent exhibition on 150 years of iron and steel history on the Rhine and Ruhr, as well as changing themed exhibitions. In 2008 the museum “ St.Antony. Hütte ”, which is reminiscent of the first ironworks in the Ruhr area built over 250 years ago . The LVR industrial museum in Oberhausen also includes the museum in the Eisenheim housing estate , the central museum depot in the Peter Behrens building, the former main warehouse of the Gutehoffnungshütte , and the museum platform in the main train station.

Since August 2008, the " Modellbahnwelt Oberhausen " has shown on a scale of 1:87 what the Ruhr area looked like from 1965 to 1970. A part of Oberhausen and, for example, the Zollverein colliery and coking plant was presented in an exemplary manner on around 420 m² at the time when the colliery and coking plant were still in operation. This was from 2012 until their bankruptcy in spring 2015 through the exhibition 'Top Secret. The secret world of espionage '.

Sterkrade is home to the private Sterkrad Radio Museum and the Zuckertüte confectionery museum , which is also private and opened on September 24, 2014.

Steel sculpture sorcerer's apprentice

Oberhausen is also involved in the Emscherkunst , an art exhibition in public space, with various exhibition locations . On the edge of the Ripshorst woody garden, for example, there is the 35-meter-high steel sculpture Sorcerer's Apprentice , whose shape is reminiscent of a dancing power pole.

See also: List of museums in Oberhausen

Venues

The König-Pilsener-Arena in the Neue Mitte is a large multi-purpose hall for concerts, musicals, shows, but also sporting events . It has 12,500 places.

Ebertbad

The Ebertbad , a former swimming pool, has developed into one of the most outstanding venues for cabaret. It was also the home of the Missfits , one of the most famous cabaret duos in Germany.

The Oberhausen Congress Center ( Luise-Albertz-Halle / Stadthalle) is a multifunctional conference and event center, suitable for traditional and entertainment events as well as for stock exchanges, exhibitions, meetings, congresses and seminars. Affiliated to the congress center are a hotel as well as restaurants and a private parking garage.

Mention should also be made of the Schilda-Halle (meanwhile renamed “Schacht 1”), the Altenberg center, the K-14 factory, the Turbinenhalle (a discotheque with several areas for different musical styles), the Drucklufthaus , a high culture site for the alternative scene , or the recently opened “Theater an der Niebu (h) rg”. All six cases are former industrial buildings that have been converted into event locations.

Buildings

Oberhausen Castle - Court of Honor with Small Castle

An important building and a landmark of the city is Oberhausen Castle , a former manor house on the Emscher. The castle first gave its name to a station on the Cologne-Minden railway line and then to the settlement that was built at the station. Today the building, which was rebuilt after being destroyed in the Second World War in 1960, houses the Ludwig Galerie Schloss Oberhausen .

On the Altmarkt , the central square of the city center created on a rectangular urban grid, stands the landmark of Alt-Oberhausen, a classicist column with a gold-plated goddess of victory Nike above the capital.

Also worth seeing is the town hall , which was built between 1927 and 1930 in the form of brick expressionism according to plans by the architects and municipal building officials Ludwig Freitag and Eduard Jüngerich .

An architecturally particularly interesting square in the city is the Friedensplatz with the Oberhausen district court from 1907, the Europa-Haus (1955, architect: Hans Schwippert ) and the expressionist brick buildings on the long sides, which the square together with the water and tree axes give a strict symmetry. Located on a former industrial site at the beginning of the 20th century, Friedensplatz is an important link between the Altmarkt, the main train station and the town hall. In the same area is the Bert-Brecht-Haus (initially: Ruhrwachthaus ), which was initially used by the private sector, but has been in municipal ownership since 1978 , and which currently houses the adult education center and the headquarters of the city ​​library .

Other important buildings in Oberhausen are Vondern Castle in Osterfeld, Holten Fort and the master builder mill from 1848 in Buschhausen.

  • town hall

  • District Court

  • Vondern Castle

  • Builder Mill

  • gasometer

  • Victory Column

View from the gasometer to the CentrO with the center of Essen on the horizon

The numerous workers 'settlements of the 19th and 20th centuries, including the Eisenheim settlement in Osterfeld, the oldest workers' settlement in the Ruhr area, are of particular architectural and urban development interest .

The notable historical bourgeois residential quarters include the town hall district and the Marienviertel in Alt-Oberhausen as well as the Grafenbusch settlement opposite the castle, which the GHH created for its managers .

A pioneering urban development approach is being implemented with the solar settlement in Holten . Here is since 2007 under the proclaimed by the state government project 50 solar housing estates in North Rhine-Westphalia one with the European Energy Award excellent settlement with a combination of, photovoltaics and heat pump technology virtually CO 2 heated neutral and without external power supply and is supplied with hot water .

Evening illumination of the gasometer as seen from the Rhine-Herne Canal

Another important architectural monument is the main warehouse of the Gutehoffnungshütte , designed by the architect Peter Behrens , which dominates Essener Straße with its monumental and functional design and, together with the gasometer and works inn, is reminiscent of the former Gutehoffnungshütte . Today the brick building from the 1920s serves as the depot of the Rhenish Industrial Museum.

In the 1990s, on the former industrial site of Gutehoffnungshütte, later Thyssen , the “ Neue Mitte Oberhausen ” ( CentrO ) was built as a further city center . Through urban development measures, the settlement of modern service and industrial companies and extensive investments in the infrastructure, a structural change from an industrial location to a service and tourism location was accomplished.

The CentrO shopping center forms the core of the project. Other important components of the "New Center" are the multifunctional hall König-Pilsener-ARENA, the leisure and amusement park CentrO.PARK , a multiplex cinema , an adventure aquarium (Sea Life) , the Heinz Schleusser Marina on the Rhine-Herne -Canal and a musical hall ( Metronom Theater ) . The "New Center" has meanwhile developed into a major attraction in the city. Finally, a swimming pool (aquapark) was built near the marina. In September 2012 an extension of the CentrO was opened. In spring 2013 the opening of an Ocean Adventure Park and the Legoland Discovery Center is planned, which (like SeaLife ) will both be operated by Merlin Entertainment .

On the fallow land of the former electric steelworks on Osterfelder Strasse, the development of the New Center was to continue in principle. However, the projects presented under the name O .Vision at the beginning of the millennium have so far only been partially realized.

At the edge of the “New Center” is another landmark of the city, the former gasometer of the Gutehoffnungshütte . As part of the IBA Emscher Park , it was converted into an event location. Since then, the roof of the 117.5 m high gasometer can be reached as an observation platform on foot or by elevator and offers an impressive view of the multifaceted cultural landscape of the Ruhr area . With changing exhibitions and installations by Christo , Bill Viola and Christina Kubisch , among others , the Gasometer has gained national importance as a place for cultural events.

Sports

Logo of the soccer club Rot-Weiß Oberhausen

With more than 250 clubs, Oberhausen offers a wide range of sports opportunities. In addition to all standard sports, there are also unusual offers such as square dance , cheerleading dance or paintball . The most famous football club in Oberhausen is Rot-Weiß Oberhausen , which was founded in 1904. From 1969 to 1973 RWO played in the Bundesliga , but has not been able to return to the top division since then. Even before the Bundesliga was founded, RWO was represented for many years in what was then the first-class Oberliga West. In 1974 RWO was a founding member of the 2nd Bundesliga. Since then, many promotions and relegations have brought it to a total of 18 playing years in the second division. The last ascent there was in the 2007/08 season, when the “clovers” in the Regionalliga Nord were able to qualify as second in the table for the 2nd Bundesliga . In each of the following two seasons they were relegated. In the 2010/11 season RWO rose to the 3rd division and in the 2011/12 season to the Regionalliga West.

The women's team of NBO92 is currently successful in basketball ; it played in the 1st women's basketball league from 2002 to 2016 , was German runner-up in the 2004/05 and 2013/14 seasons, and was the cup winner in 2011/12. The tennis players of the OTHC (Oberhausen tennis and hockey club) sometimes played in the first tennis league; the Revierlöwen Oberhausen belonged temporarily to the DEL , but the association is now insolvent and dissolved. In the 2007/08 season, the billiards players at BC Oberhausen were promoted to the billiards league , the championship title was won for the fourth time in a row in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. The BCO is the German record champion in pool. The Oberhausen Chess Club 1887 currently (2014/15) plays with seven teams and one youth team in the NRW class. This season they were promoted to the NRW League, so that the chess club will play third-rate for the next season. Grandmaster Vlastimil Hort has been playing on the top board since 2001 , who was ranked 7th in the world in 1977. In the converted ice rink Vonderort, the "Miners Oberhausen" represent the city in inline skate hockey , and in November 2016 they qualified for promotion to the Bundesliga . Also active in Oberhausen is Cha Yong-kil , who has the ninth and thus highest Dan that one can have in Taekwondo . He also achieved this master's degree in Shaolin Kung Fu . He is also President of the Jidokwan Taekwondo Europe Association and President of the World Martial Arts Association. The three clubs in town with the largest number of members are Turnerbund Osterfeld, TV Jahn Königshardt and Turnclub Sterkrade 1869. There is also a gliding club, the Oberhausen aviation club and a rowing club ( Oberhausen rowing club ). The Judo-Team-Holten is one of the most successful judo clubs in town. The first men's team is currently represented in the NRW League (3rd league) and is therefore the Oberhausen judo club that fights the highest. The club's youth department regularly records successes at the district level and is therefore also one of the most successful clubs in the area in the youth sector.

Regular events

The annual International Short Film Festival Oberhausen , founded in 1954, is a highlight of Oberhausen's cultural life. They are considered to be the oldest short film festival in the world and have become one of the most important international platforms for this film format over the past decades.

Growing up from contacts that have existed since 1952, the city of Oberhausen organizes a multilateral youth exchange, the so-called MULTI. Every other year, guests from other countries visit - 2010 from England ( Middlesbrough ), Estonia ( Tallinn ), Israel ( Jerusalem ), Poland ( Gdansk ), Turkey ( Mersin ), Ukraine ( Zaporizhia ), Sardinia ( Carbonia and Iglesias ), Russian Federation ( Megion , Bashkortostan : Ufa ), Romania ( Bacau ), China , France - the city and its surroundings. During their stay in Oberhausen, they are housed in host families and take part in a diverse program together with young people from Oberhausen and the surrounding area. The hosting or participating young people from Oberhausen and the surrounding area then have the opportunity to visit these countries for a return visit in the following year. Due to the situation there, the exchange with Jerusalem (Israel) has only taken place in Oberhausen in recent years. The Multi 2010 was part of the TWINS project, the official program of the European Capital of Culture Ruhr 2010 . The patron in 2010 was the musician Peter Maffay .

The basic idea of ​​the MULTI is the intercultural exchange, in which the young people should take skills with them into everyday life so that they can lead life in a multicultural global society.

The Sterkrad Corpus Christi fair is the largest street fair in Europe.

Traditionally, a street carnival takes place in the city center on the day before Shrove Monday. The parade taking place is the largest carnival parade in the Ruhr area and one of the longest in the Rhineland. The children's carnival procession takes place in the Osterfeld district on the Saturday before Shrove Monday. It is also one of the largest parades in the country. On Rose Monday, the smaller parades in Vondern and Alstaden, the so-called “post box”, take place.

Furthermore, the Ruhr in Love has been taking place in the OLGA Park in Oberhausen for several years . It is an open-air techno event with over 300 DJs playing on 35 floors. The annual summer event was visited in 2009 by over 41,000 friends of electronic dance music.

The Oberhausen OLGA Park is still once a year event space for Olgas Rock , a free rock festival that has been taking place in Oberhausen since 2000. The two-day festival attracts more than 20,000 visitors.

The Ruhrpott Metal Meeting has been taking place at the beginning of December since 2015 .

Infrastructure and economy

Sterkrade colliery in 1913
View of the former Concordia colliery in 1959
Gutehoffnungshütte (GHH)

The town of Oberhausen owes its existence to the deposits of ore and coal . If the ore only plays a brief role in the city's history due to its poor quality, the years from 1853 (start of production at the Concordia colliery ) to 1992 (closure of the last colliery) are characterized by mining and - related to this - by the steel-producing and steel-processing industry. The founding years of mining in Oberhausen - in addition to the aforementioned Concordia colliery, Roland colliery (1855), Oberhausen colliery (1858), Alstaden colliery (1859), followed as "large mines " by the Osterfeld mines (1879), later in association with the Sterkrade colliery ( Start of production in 1903) and the Jacobi mine with a coking plant (1913), as well as the Vondern and Hugo Haniel mines as smaller mines , both of which were shut down in 1932 during the Great Depression. After the Second World War, mining in Oberhausen, as everywhere in the Ruhr area, had another brief boom, which lasted from 1958 until the beginning of the mining crisis with sales difficulties for the house fire. After that, mining was a crisis industry, whose needs did not go past Oberhausen. The closure of the Concordia colliery (1968) achieved a nationwide response, while the closings of the Alstaden collieries (1972), Jacobi (1974, coking plant 1986) and Osterfeld (1992) almost went unnoticed by the media. Today the city of Oberhausen has a high per capita debt - also in comparison to the other cities in the Ruhr area . In 2016, Oberhausen achieved a gross domestic product (GDP) of € 5.864 billion within the city limits . In the same year, GDP per capita was € 27,769 (North Rhine-Westphalia: € 37,416 / Germany € 38,180), which is the fifth lowest value among all urban districts in Germany. In 2016 there were around 94,100 gainfully employed people in the city. The unemployment rate in December 2018 was 9.7% and thus well above the average for North Rhine-Westphalia of 6.4%.

The second scene of the city's industrial decline, the steel industry, especially steelmaking, was more spectacular. After the takeover of Hüttenwerke Oberhausen AG , which was forcibly spun off from the GHH Group after the Second World War , by the Thyssen Group , all production facilities were shut down except for an electric steelworks that ran until 1997 (the buildings were blown up in 2006), so that over 13,000 jobs were lost here. Only the steel processing - extremely specialized in exportable products - has stayed in Oberhausen-Sterkrade with the "Rest-GHH", which now belongs to the MAN group, and still offers around 1,500 employees there.

The job losses in coal, steel and the manufacturing industry in general - mostly given as a net figure of 40,000 - are in reality much higher. If around 1960 is taken as a comparison point, the number of jobs differs by 53,000.

With the new center of Oberhausen , the city has successfully implemented the structural change and established itself nationwide as a shopping and leisure location. According to studies by the Office for Statistics and Elections, job gains in this segment amount to around 10,000 jobs subject to social insurance. The CentrO shopping center alone has around 25 million customers , and a further eleven million day-trippers visit the other leisure facilities, such as musical theaters, large aquariums, water parks and event arenas. Other major tourist attractions are major events such as the largest carnival procession in the Ruhr area, which passes through Alt-Oberhausen on Tulip Sunday, the Sterkrad Corpus Christi fair, which with around 400 showmen is one of the largest fair events in Germany, or the famous Christmas market at Centro. The centrality index relevant for evaluating a retail location is now just under 145. Over the past few years, Oberhausen has established itself as the shopping city in the Ruhr area thanks to the Centro, but also the Sterkrader Tor and Bero Oberhausen shopping centers. At Christmas well over 200 coaches drive to the city of Oberhausen every day. Oberhausen is one of the cities with the highest municipal taxes in Germany for both business tax and property tax.

In the Lirich industrial area Zum Eisenhammer , companies from the fields of logistics, the textile industry, household goods and the leisure industry have established themselves over the years.

Education and Research

Oberhausen is Germany's most populous city without a university or college . The non-profit educational company Medikon GmbH offers a number of courses and further training opportunities in the subjects of social work, social pedagogy, medicine, psychology, nursing management and health science. The Oberhausen-Mülheim Administration and Business Academy is also represented on site.

The city has a full range of general and vocational schools:

There is also an adult education center , a painting and music school and a study seminar for teaching positions in schools in Oberhausen .

Oberhausen is the seat of the German Radio Academy . The Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology (UMSICHT) is also located in Oberhausen .

media

The regional broadcaster Antenne Ruhr has been supplying the two cities of Oberhausen and Mülheim an der Ruhr with entertainment and regional news since September 1st, 1990. On August 5, 2007, the station was split up and now broadcasts as Radio Oberhausen and Radio Mülheim .

The Radio NRW GmbH at Essen street in Oberhausen provides the framework program for all local radio stations in NRW.

The Lotta . Antifascist newspaper from North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse, has its contact address in Oberhausen.

traffic

air traffic

At the national and international air transport Oberhausen is on the Dusseldorf airport , the airport Cologne / Bonn , the Münster / Osnabrück Airport , the Dortmund Airport and Niederrhein Airport connected. There are also the Essen / Mülheim and Dinslaken / Schwarze Heide airfields nearby .

Rail and bus transport

Central station from 1934 in the classic modern style
The relief of the three ages in Oberhausen main station
Fire station stop

As early as 1847 Oberhausen was connected to the railway network by the Cöln-Mindener Railway . In long-distance passenger run from Oberhausen main station of the ICE International Amsterdam Centraal - Utrecht Centraal - Cologne main station - Frankfurt (Main) Hbf / Basel SBB and the IC - line Norddeich Mole - Munster - Cologne - Koblenz . A pair of trains is temporarily extended to Constance . The CityNightLine trains "Pegasus" Amsterdam Centraal - Karlsruhe Hbf - Zurich HB and "Pollux" Amsterdam Centraal - Munich Hbf stopped in Oberhausen until 2016 . From December 2006 to December 2007 or from December 2010 the ICE also ran from Oberhausen Hbf via Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Köln Hbf, Frankfurt Airport, Würzburg, Nuremberg and Ingolstadt to Munich, at the time as a replacement for the connection from Essen Hbf that was canceled due to a construction site In the freight transport sector, there is a large Oberhausen-Osterfeld marshalling yard and the Oberhausen West marshalling yard in Oberhausen .

In rail transport (SPNV) of the run Rhein-Emscher-Express ( RE 3 ), the Rhein-Express ( RE 5 ), the cross-crossing Rhein-IJssel-Express ( RE 19 ), fossa Emscher-Express ( RE 44 ), Wupper Lippe-Express ( RE 49 ) as well as the regional train lines 33 , 35, 36 and the S-Bahn lines 2 and 3 . In addition to the main train station, there are three other train stations or stops ; these are: Sterkrade , Holten and Osterfeld Süd .

The local rail passenger transport (SPNV) is carried out by DB Regio NRW , Abellio Rail NRW , Eurobahn and NordWestBahn GmbH . Other public transport (public transport) in Oberhausen run alongside the STOAG as local companies four other transport companies from: the DVG , the Ruhr railway that NIAG and the Vesti streetcars GmbH .

The Oberhausen public transport route , which was built in the course of the new construction of the CentrO , is considered innovative . In addition to a number of bus lines, the tram line 112 runs again from Mülheim an der Ruhr via the main station to Sterkrade station . At the end of October 2004, this line was extended by an 800 m long section to Sterkrader Neumarkt , which can be used by public buses in the opposite direction . From 2015 to 2018, the public transport route was to be supplemented by a branch to the Essen city limits in order to extend line 105 of the Essen tram from its terminal at the border of these cities to Oberhausen. It was intended to create such an attractive connection between Oberhausen and Essen. Despite great advocacy from the state, IHK, RVR, VRR and other institutions, these plans were temporarily stopped by a council decision on March 8, 2015. However, the plans were registered in the state's public transport requirement plan in November 2015. In addition, the infrastructure project has been updated in the 2017 local transport plan.

The tariff of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (VRR) applies to all public transport and the NRW tariff applies to all tariff areas .

Street

The Oberhausen motorway junction in the north of the city is one of the most important motorway junctions in North Rhine-Westphalia because it is where the two European highways, the Netherlands - Frankfurt am Main - Austria - Southeast Europe and Belgium - Germany - Eastern Europe, cross. In addition to the Oberhausen motorway junction, there is also the Oberhausen-West motorway junction in Oberhausen and the Kaiserberg motorway junction near the Alstaden district .

Oberhausen is connected to the trunk road network via the federal motorways and junctions listed below . The sections through Oberhausen are shown in italics .

A 2 ( E 34 ) AK Oberhausen (A 3) - AD Bottrop  (A 31) - Dortmund - Hanover - Magdeburg - Berliner Ring
AS 2 Oberhausen-Königshardt
A 3 ( E 35 ) The Hague / Amsterdam / Arnheim ( A 12 ) - AK Oberhausen (A 2; A 516) - AK Oberhausen-West (A 42) - AK Kaiserberg (A 40) - Düsseldorf - Cologne - Frankfurt a. Main - Würzburg - Nuremberg - Regensburg - Passau
AS 9 Dinslaken-Süd, AS 11 Oberhausen-Holten, AS 13 Oberhausen-Lirich
A 31 Emden - Leer - AK Schüttorf - Oberhausen
AS 42 AD Bottrop
Although the A31 has no junction in Oberhausen and does not touch the Oberhausen city area, it is signposted along its entire length to Oberhausen.
A 40 ( E 34 ) Eindhoven / Venlo ( A 67 ) - Duisburg - AK Kaiserberg (A 3) - Mülheim ad Ruhr - Essen - Dortmund / Kassel (A 44)
AS 15 Mülheim / Oberhausen-Alstaden, AS 16 Mülheim-Styrum, AS 17 Mülheim-Dümpten
A 42 Kamp-Lintfort (A 57) - Duisburg - AK Oberhausen-West (A 3) - Oberhausen - Gelsenkirchen - Castrop-Rauxel (A 45)
AS 9 Oberhausen-Buschhausen, AS 10 Oberhausen-Zentrum, AS 11 Oberhausen-Neue Mitte
A 59 Bonn / Cologne / Leverkusen / Düsseldorf - Duisburg - Dinslaken / Wesel (B 8)
AS 3 Duisburg-Walsum / Oberhausen-Holten
A 516 Oberhausen junction (AK Oberhausen - Oberhausen-Eisenheim)
AS 2 Oberhausen-Sterkrade, AS 3 Oberhausen-Eisenheim
The A516 is the only motorway that runs through the Oberhausen city area for its entire length.

The federal highways B 8 , B 223 and B 231 run through the urban area of ​​Oberhausen . Since August 2008 the L 21 between the A 3 AS Dinslaken-Süd / OB-Schmachtendorf and the A 59 AS Dinslaken-Hiesfeld has been upgraded to the B 8, so that the north of Oberhausen is now also connected to the federal highway network.

Bicycle traffic

Oberhausen - member of the working group for bicycle-friendly cities and municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia since 2001 - offers optimal conditions for non-motorized, individual mobility in close proximity, preferably by bike, on foot, but also with other means of transport (e.g. inline skates, kickboards, skateboards amongst other things).
Oberhausen twice achieved third place in the ADFC's bicycle climate test . As elsewhere in the Ruhr area, several lines of former colliery railways were converted into cycling and hiking trails in Oberhausen . These allow almost crossing-free bike tours from the Emscher zone in the center of the city to the woods of the Kirchheller Heide north of Oberhausen.

water

Rhein-Herne-Kanal, on the right side the CentrO-Park

The Rhine-Herne Canal runs largely parallel to the Emscher from east to west . In the area of Neue Mitte Oberhausen on the Rhine-Herne Canal, the Marina Oberhausen is a new leisure and sport boat harbor. There are also other ports and landing stages for inland navigation on the Rhine-Herne Canal.

The Emscher, which currently still carries sewage, is to be renatured in the near future. Canal and Emscher divide the urban area into a northern and southern part. In the Alstaden district , the Ruhr borders the urban area. The Rotbach forms part of the northern city limits .

Established businesses

A large employer with around 1,800 employees at the Oberhausen site is the mechanical engineering company MAN Energy Solutions SE , formerly part of the MAN Group, which emerged from the former Gutehoffnungshütte in Sterkrade. The company that uses GHH's former Plant III is now a direct subsidiary of Volkswagen AG . Compressors as well as steam and gas turbines are produced at the Sterkrade site. GHH Radsatz , which emerged from MAN-GHH in 1995, is located in GHH's former Plant II near downtown Sterkrad. It employs around 270 people and manufactures wheel sets. In 2014 it merged with the Czech Bonatrans Group.

The GHH vehicles also emerged from the MAN-GHH in 1995 and manufactured dump trucks, aircraft tractors and loaders here. In 2007 the company moved to Gelsenkirchen.

The GHH screw compressors also emerged from the MAN-GHH in 1995 and manufactured screw compressors here with around 300 employees. Acquired in 1998 by the American Ingersoll Rand , the plant was closed in 2019.

Another major employer was the Oberhausen plant manufacturer Babcock Borsig , which filed for bankruptcy in 2002. Formerly a founding member of the DAX , the company got into a serious crisis in the 1990s. Despite restructuring measures and efforts by the federal government, it was no longer possible to save the company from bankruptcy. Around 2,500 people were employed in the main plant in Oberhausen in 2002; steam boilers as well as boiler and power station accessories were produced here.

At OXEA Chemicals in Oberhausen-Holten around 1,000 people are employed in seven tenant companies. The company headquarters was relocated to Monheim in 2017 due to the lower trade tax , which meant that around 100 jobs were lost. OXEA emerged from Ruhrchemie , which was founded in 1928 .

The Catholic Clinic Oberhausen operated three hospitals (St. Josef, St. Clemens and St. Marien), a hospice and a care center and in 2018 had around 2,370 employees. After the bankruptcy in 2019, it was taken over by the Ameos Group . Ameos will initially keep the employees and the locations.

The city administration employed (2012) 2,122 people.

The Stadtwerke Oberhausen are responsible for public transport the city and have about 400 employees.

In 2004, the food wholesaler Lekkerland opened a logistics center on the Waldteich site. Around 500 people are employed here. The company mainly supplies kiosks and petrol stations.

Until 2017, the Dresser-Rand company owned a turbine factory in Buschhausen. The company was founded in 1956 as Kuhnert Turbinen and was taken over by the American company Terry Steam Turbine in 1970 . Dresser-Rand emerged from it, which in turn was taken over by Siemens in 2015 . Siemens decided to relocate abroad and closed the plant. Around 100 jobs were lost.

The company Lenord + Bauer manufactured sensors , servomotors and electronic control elements for a variety of branches of industry here until 2012 . It is the market leader in the field of sensors for high-speed spindles. Production moved to Gladbeck in 2012, company headquarters and research are still in Königshardt. It employs around 100 people in Oberhausen; 150 people are employed in production in Gladbeck.

Kodi , the largest household goods discounter in Germany, has been based in Oberhausen since it was founded in 1981. The company headquarters, the central warehouse and the online shop are located in the Zum Eisenhammer industrial park in Lirich. About 150 people are employed there.

Intocast AG is also located in Lirich . The company emerged from the factory for refractory bricks of the Wülfrather Feuerfest und Dolomitwerke founded in 1970 , which was finally taken over in 2008 by the Brazilian refractory producer Magnesita . In 2017, after the merger of RHI and Magnesita , the plant finally became part of Intocast AG . 110 (2009) people are employed in the plant.

The GMVA Niederrhein operates a waste incineration plant in Lirich since 1,972th The disused power plant of the Concordia colliery was converted for this purpose. It offers around 150 jobs.

The company HKO insulating and textile technology made since 1984 refractory yarns, protective clothing and high temperature seals. About 100 people are employed.

The Franken Apparatebau company specializes in the production of apparatus and pipelines for companies in various industries such as the chemical, sulfuric acid, steel and non-ferrous industries or plant engineering. It offers around 90 jobs.

The company Klinger Kempchen GmbH has existed since 1889 . a. Manufactures seals and employs around 220 people. In the past, belts for conveyor and steam engines as well as "ass leather" were produced for the many mines in the Ruhr area. The company was taken over by the Klinger Group from Austria in 2004 and moved from the factory on Alleestraße to the Waldteich site in 2007.

From 1984 to 2005 the electrical company BEKA was based here, after bankruptcy and re-establishment in 2005 now eltec . She represents u. a. Switchgear and also offers corresponding services. It has about 20 employees.

The Hilti company has had its main warehouse for the Germany and Benelux countries in Oberhausen since 1984 . About 100 people are employed here.

In addition to trade and industry, some larger agencies, such as bgp e.media, Contact, move: elevator, Online-Genies and Dogfish Studios, are based in Oberhausen.

The State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia maintains a branch office in Oberhausen with around 150 employees, whose main task is the preparation of official statistics .

Assoverlag has been based in Oberhausen since 1970 and today primarily publishes fiction , anthologies , biographies and non-fiction books from the region. The political folk song book published by Asso - songs against the kick - has long been a cult in left student circles. In 1996 the Athena publishing house was founded, which mainly publishes textbooks in the humanities and social sciences. In 2011 the Nicole Schmenk publishing house was founded, specializing in band biographies and research in the field of heavy metal as well as literature from NRW, fantasy and history.

Former companies

Personalities

Honorary citizen

The city of Oberhausen has granted the following people honorary citizenship. They are listed chronologically according to the date of award.

Fictional people

Fictional people who were born in Oberhausen:

literature

Monographs

  • Adventure industrial city Oberhausen 1874–1999. Contributions to the history of the city , ed. from the city of Oberhausen. Laufen, Oberhausen 2001, ISBN 3-87468-172-6 .
  • Walter Brune, Holger Pump-Uhlmann: Centro Oberhausen - The shifted city center. An example of failed urban planning . IZ, Wiesbaden 2009, ISBN 978-3-940219-09-1 .
  • Vera Bücker: The decline of the popular churches - what comes after? Ecclesiastical quality and image of the churches in a city in the Ruhr area . LIT-Verlag, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-8258-8986-6 .
  • Magnus Dellwig / Peter Langer (eds.): Oberhausen. A city history in the Ruhr area . 4 vols. Aschendorff, Münster 2012. ISBN 978-3-402-12960-9 .
  • Günter Hegermann: Coal mining in Oberhausen 1847–1992 . Laufen, Oberhausen 1995. ISBN 3-87468-128-9 .
  • Erich Keyser (Ed.): Rheinisches Städtebuch . ( German City Book - Handbook of Urban History , Vol. III, 3) Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1956, pp. 328–336.
  • Werner Krötz: The industrial city of Oberhausen . (Historical Atlas of the Rhineland, Supplement IV / 5) Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1985. ISBN 3-7927-0876-0 .
  • Bernhard Mensch and Peter Pachnicke (eds.): Park City Oberhausen. Rebirth of a historic city center with modern architecture . Photographs by Thomas Wolf. Ludwiggalerie Schloss Oberhausen 2004. ISBN 3-932236-14-9 .
  • Tim Michalak : Between Gasometer and CentrO. Discovery tours. Bachem, Cologne 2007. ISBN 3-7616-2141-8 .
  • Fritz Mogs: The socio-historical development of the city of Oberhausen between 1850 and 1933 . University of Cologne 1956 ( dissertation )
  • Thomas Pawlowski-Grütz: Selected bibliography on Oberhausen town history. Laufen, Oberhausen 1999. ISBN 3-87468-152-1 .
  • Heinz Reif: The belated city. Industrialization, urban space and politics in Oberhausen 1846–1929 . 2 vols. Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1992/1993. ISBN 3-7927-1316-0 .
  • Holger Schmenk: From the contaminated site to industrial culture. Structural change in the Ruhr area using the example of the Altenberg zinc factory , Henselowsky Boschmann, Bottrop 2009. ISBN 978-3-922750-97-0 .
  • Jeanette Schmitz and Wolfgang Volz (eds.): Gasometer Oberhausen , Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2004. ISBN 3-89861-341-0 .
  • Wilhelm Seipp: Oberhausener Heimatbuch , ed. vd City of Oberhausen 1964.

Periodicals

  • Contributions to the history of the city of Oberhausen . 1963 - ISSN  0522-6538
  • Shift change - Journal for the history of Oberhausen. Edited by the history workshop Oberhausen eV 1.2006, April - [1]
  • Origins and developments of the city of Oberhausen . Published by the Historical Society Oberhausen eV Vol. 1.1991

Movies

  • Picture book Germany : Oberhausen - cradle of the Ruhr area Documentation, 45 min. A film by Tim Lienhard, Production: WDR , 1999.
  • Picture book Germany : Oberhausen. Documentation, 45 min. A film by Tim Lienhard, production: WDR , first broadcast: November 26, 2006.

Documentary films about immigrant and cultural life in Oberhausen

  • Dzień dobry, Germany (portrayed among others Maria and Czesław Gołębiewski, the owners of the Gdańska restaurant and cultural club ). Director: Barbara Stupp, Germany (WDR) 2012, 45 minutes.
  • Przystanek Gdańska (Polish: Gdańska stop ). Director: Arkadiusz Gołębiewski and Rafał Geremek, Poland 2009, 28 minutes.

See also

Web links

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. ↑ Tobias Fülbeck: Journey to the center of the city in Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung from April 13, 2011
  3. ↑ a b c Statistical Yearbook Oberhausen 2014 with a map of the statistical districts on p. 5 - PDF; 3.1 MB
  4. ↑ Alt-Oberhausen is divided into Alstaden / Lirich , Oberhausen-Mitte / Styrum and Oberhausen-Ost east of Mülheimer Strasse , Sterkrade in Sterkrade-Mitte and Sterkrade-Nord on the other side of the A 3 / A 2 , while Osterfeld is a single social space remains, see documentation of the Oberhausen Social Room Talks 2011, map p. 13 (PDF; 1.9 MB)
  5. ↑ The statistical district of Klosterfeld-Nord , for example, is congruent with the social district Tackenberg-Ost .
  6. ↑ Population figures for the social quarters from the Oberhausen social structure atlas
  7. ↑ The old Biefang district only corresponds to about two sub-districts; You get to five if you include the adjacent sub-district on the Sterkrader district and the Buschhausen sub-districts on the right of the Emscher.
  8. ↑ Eleven sub-districts of Buschhausen are to the left of the Emscher; In addition to the two to the right of the Emscher, there is one in the (new) statistical district of Buschhausen, Biefang on the Sterkrader district. The MAN site, which is also located in the Buschhausen district, is now part of Sterkrade-Mitte.
  9. ↑ The new statistical district of Schwarze Heide consists of the Schwarzen Heide, delimited by the A 3 to the west and the railway to the east, plus an exclave west of the Autobahn and Emscher, but minus the parts south of Neumühler Straße.
  10. ↑ German Weather Service: Climatic Information Oberhausen. World Meteorological Organization, accessed January 4, 2013 .
  11. ↑ Figures. Retrieved February 6, 2018 .
  12. ^ Oberhausen - statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. Retrieved February 6, 2018 .
  13. ^ Oberhausen social structure report: Share of non-German population on December 31, 2018
  14. ^ Oberhausen social structure report: Age structure as of December 31, 2018
  15. ^ City of Oberhausen Religion , 2011 census
  16. ↑ Oberhauser data mirror profile edition I 2020 page 7 , accessed on May 7, 2020
  17. ↑ Gerd-Georg Janssen: On the history of Alstadens and its Catholic parish . In: City of Oberhausen (ed.): Adventure Industrial City 1874–1999. Contributions to the history of the city. Verlag Laufen, Oberhausen 2001, p. 308.
  18. ^ Parish of St. Marien: The Marienkirche. Retrieved May 10, 2015 .
  19. ↑ Parish Herz Jesu: History of the Herz-Jesu-Kirche. Retrieved June 21, 2015 .
  20. ↑ http://www.stclemens.de/index.php?article_id=200748
  21. ↑ http://www.pankratius-oberhausen.kirche-vor-ort.de/
  22. ↑ http://www.pfarrei-st-marien.kirche-vor-ort.de/13199.html
  23. ↑ http://www.herz-jesu-ob.de/
  24. ^ The Trinity Church ( Memento from November 10, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  25. ↑ Find a meeting. Retrieved January 24, 2020 .
  26. ↑ Sebastian Mohr: Jüdisches Leben in Holten , in: shift change 2/07, pp. 6-9.
  27. ^ Mosques in Oberhausen
  28. ↑ Schranz took office. In: www.oberhausen.de. Retrieved October 31, 2015 .
  29. ↑ http://www.oberhausen.de/5C8A40A459DA418CB3321265011E9BC6.php
  30. ↑ Klamme municipalities: 130 billion euros in debt: These cities are threatened with financial collapse . Article from February 27, 2014 in the focus.de portal , accessed on February 28, 2014
  31. ↑ Oberhausen remains the German debt stronghold Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung from August 20, 2013, accessed on January 23, 2017
  32. ↑ Product area results planning in the 2014 budget of the 22 independent cities in North Rhine-Westphalia in comparison. Household control.de, accessed on November 21, 2014 .
  33. ↑ Current exhibition - Gasometer Oberhausen. Accessed August 31, 2019 .
  34. ↑ Gasometer Oberhausen closes for one year. WDR, October 25, 2019, accessed November 5, 2019 .
  35. ^ Annette Kuhn: A museum for the world of slouch hats. In: Berliner Morgenpost. September 18, 2015, accessed on November 5, 2019 (reference to the bankruptcy of the museum in Oberhausen in the penultimate paragraph).
  36. ↑ Former website of the Top Secret exhibition ( Memento from June 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  37. ↑ http://www.sterkrader-radio-museum.de/
  38. ^ Weltmann, Stephanie: New museum with icing WAZ from August 15, 2013 WOBB1
  39. ↑ Delicious! A confectionery museum WAZ from September 25, 2014 WOB_1
  40. ↑ About the association - Judo-Team Holten . In: Judo Team Holten . ( judo-team-holten.de [accessed on June 28, 2018]).
  41. ↑  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.essen-fuer-das-ruhrgebiet.ruhr2010.de
  42. ↑ Bertelsmann study: Oberhausen is the German Detroit Handelsblatt from August 20, 2013, accessed on August 21, 2013
  43. ↑ Why German cities never go bankrupt Wirtschaftswoche, accessed on August 21, 2013
  44. ↑ Current results - VGR dL. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
  45. ^ Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia. Federal Employment Agency, accessed on January 7, 2019 .
  46. ↑ https://www.oberhausen.de/de/index/rathaus/verwaltung/finanzenkultur/finanzen/steuern/sachgebiet-gewerbesteuer-sonstige-steuern.php Trade tax assessment rate of the city of Oberhausen
  47. ↑ https://www.oberhausen.de/de/index/rathaus/verwaltung/finanzenkultur/finanzen/steuern/grundsteuer.php Grundsteuerersätze 2016 of the city of Oberhausen
  48. ↑ Poor German municipalities are caught in the DIE WELT tax trap of February 22, 2016, accessed on March 19, 2016
  49. ↑ Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung: Ruhr area economy fights for Oberhausener Bahn
  50. ↑ http://www.sag-ja-zur-linie-105.de
  51. ↑ http://wahlen.regioit.de/GT/be2015ob/05119000/html5/Buergerentscheid_Gemeinde_Gesamterresult.html
  52. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/oberhausen/oberhausener-lehnen-neue-strassenbahn-105-nach-essen-ab-id10433705.html
  53. ↑ New local transport plan from 2017
  54. ↑ https://www.nrz.de/staedte/oberhausen/erleichterung-bei-man-in-sterkrade-nach-verkauf-an-vw-id215679057.html
  55. ↑ https://www.nrz.de/wirtschaft/ghh-rand-schliesst-werk-in-oberhausen-id213216771.html
  56. ↑ https://www.capital.de/wirtschaft-politik/wie-das-dax-gruendungsträger-babcock-pleiteging
  57. ↑ http://www.albert-gieseler.de/dampf_de/firmen5/firmadet55215.shtml
  58. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/oberhausen/rund-1000-oxea-mitarbeiter-bleiben-in-oberhausen-holten-id209270043.html
  59. ↑ https://www.medconweb.de/blog/tag/katholische-klinikum-oberhausen/
  60. ↑ https://www.kma-online.de/aktuelles/klinik-news/detail/ameos-uebernehmen-katholisches-klinikum-oberhausen-a-42251
  61. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/oberhausen/mitarbeiter-raten-von-jobs-in-stadtverwaltung-oberhausen-ab-id6820356.html
  62. ↑ https://www.lebensmittelzeitung.net/tech-logistik/LT-Logistik-integriert-38121?crefresh=1
  63. ↑ https://www.wr.de/wirtschaft/siemens-schliesst-werk-in-oberhausen-id211355461.html
  64. ↑ https://www.intocast.de/news/news/news/der-neue-global-player/?tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&cHash=31bd7067fe1dbc7816322380f4ad565c
  65. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/oberhausen/bittere-pille-id100609.html
  66. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/oberhausen/gmva-wurde-vor-50-jahren-zum-thema-in-oberhausen-id12044320.html
  67. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/oberhausen/hko-aus-oberhausen-steller-alltaegliche-begleiter-her-id6961045.html
  68. ↑ https://www.derwesten.de/staedte/oberhausen/franken-apparatebau-feiert-50-jaehriges-id7885329.html
  69. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/oberhausen/kempchen-verlaesst-alleestrasse-id2088284.html
  70. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/oberhausen/hilti-logistik-seit-30-jahren-in-oberhausen-id10136846.html
  71. ↑ lokalkompass.de: The former traditional company Oberhausener Glasfabrik Funke and Becker Production 1877 to 1979
  72. ↑ osterfeld-westfalen.de Oberhausen honorary citizen ; see also Karlheinz Spielmann : Honorary Citizens and Honors in Past and Present, page 682 , Dortmund 1967 self-published.
  73. ↑ profile Matula on www.ein-fall-fuer-zwei.tl , Accessed on August 25, 2014.