Minden-Lübbecke district
| coat of arms | Germany map |
|---|---|
|
Coordinates: 52 ° 17 ' N , 8 ° 55' E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Administrative region : | Detmold |
| Regional association : | Westphalia-Lippe |
| Administrative headquarters : | Minden |
| Area : | 1,152.41 km 2 |
| Residents: | 310,409 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 269 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | MI |
| Circle key : | 05 7 70 |
| NUTS : | DEA46 |
| Circle structure: | 11 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Portastrasse 13 32423 Minden |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Ralf Niermann ( SPD ) |
| Location of the Minden-Lübbecke district in North Rhine-Westphalia | |
  |
|
The district of Minden-Lübbecke is a district in the extreme northeast of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and in the north of the Detmold administrative district and the Ostwestfalen-Lippe region . The district town is Minden . The district that was created in 1973 through the merger of the districts of Minden and Lübbecke is also called the " mill circle" due to the large number of windmills that have been preserved there .
Around 310,000 people live in the district. The Minden- Porta Westfalica - Bad Oeynhausen axis along the important traffic routes between the Ruhr area and Hanover, which continues to the south-west in the direction of Herford and Bielefeld , is particularly densely populated .
The landscape of the area is mainly agricultural. Medium-sized companies in mechanical and plant engineering and electrical engineering dominate the economy. Tourism and health services also play a prominent role in the Bad Oeynhausen area.
In to Rahden belonging village Prussian Ströhen located with the NRW northern point of the northernmost point of North Rhine-Westphalia. The district lies largely in the North German Plain and predominantly west of the Weser. The Minden-Lübbecke district is the only district in the state that also has larger areas east of the Weser. The district area roughly corresponds to the area of the Prussian Principality of Minden, which existed until 1815 .
Well-known buildings are the Minden waterway cross , the Kaiser Wilhelm monument at the Porta Westfalica breakthrough in the Weser, and the Prussian fortress structures in Minden.
geography
location
The district is located in the extreme northeast of North Rhine-Westphalia and in the north of the Ostwestfalen-Lippe region . In the west, north and east, the district is completely enclosed by Lower Saxony. In the village of Preußisch Ströhen, which belongs to Rahden, there is the so-called North Rhine-Westphalia North Point, the northernmost point of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
The Minden-Lübbecke district covers an area of 1152 km² and has a maximum north-south extension of around 40 kilometers and a maximum west-east extension of 55 kilometers. From Preußisch Oldendorf in the southwest to Petershagen - Schluesselburg in the northeast, the distance is around 50 kilometers. It's around 60 kilometers from Porta Westfalica - icebergs in the southeast to Stemwede - Dielingen in the northwest.
Hanover is around 60 kilometers east of Petershagen. Bielefeld is located around 32 kilometers southwest of Bad Oeynhausen. Bremen is around 80 kilometers north of Rahden . Osnabrück is around 35 kilometers west of Preußisch Oldendorf.
In terms of culture, the district can be divided into three sub-areas. The Ravensberger Land lies south of the low mountain range. The Mindener Land comprises the part north of the low mountain range. Part of the Mindener Land is the Lübbecker Land in the western district area. The latter distinction goes back to the old division of the district into two ( districts of Minden and Lübbecke ).
Natural structure
In terms of natural space, the district has a share of the North German lowlands and the low mountain ranges. The lowland in the north of the district takes up around 4/5 of the area. In terms of natural space, it is subdivided into the Wesertalung in the east, the Rahden-Diepenauer Geest in the west and northwest and the Diepholzer Moorniederung in the north. These three natural areas are part of the Dümmer-Geest lowlands .
The to Weserbergland counting Mountain Wiehengebirge and Wesergebirge traverse the circle area in east-west direction and at the Porta Westfalica separated by the Weser. The highest elevations in the district are 320 m above sea level. NHN high Heidbrink and the 319 m high Wurzelbrink in the Wiehen Mountains south of Lübbecke . Further to the west, the Wiehengebirge falls away, fans out wider and forms the small Eggetal valley near Preußisch Oldendorf in connection with its side ridge Egge ( 220.2 m ) . The highest point in the Weser Mountains is the ( 303 m ) high Papenbrink . The Ravensberg hill country lies south of the Wiehengebirge . The Lübbecker Loessland lies as a narrow border on the northern edge of the Wiehengebirge . In the north-west of the district area, isolated in the lowlands, is the Stemweder Berg, one of the northernmost and smallest low mountain ranges in Germany. The highest mountain in these mountains is the Scharfe Berg ( 181 m ). In the south of the town of Bad Oeynhausen, the Werreniederungen district slowly rises into the Lipper Bergland , in which the district thus has a small share. The low mountain ranges cover about 1/12 of the circular area with approx. 72 km². The district portion of the Ravensberger Hügelland comprises approx. 142 km² 1/6 of the area.
The Weser occurs in the extreme southeast Coming meandering in the district area one, formed in the further course of the Great Weserbogen and enters the North German Plain at the Porta Westfalica. At Petershagen in the northeast, the Weser leaves the district at its lowest point at 27 m in the Petershagen district of Wasserstraße . A total of 59 kilometers of their course fall within the district area.
At Minden , the Mittelland Canal , which runs in a west-east direction, crosses the Minden waterway intersection , along with the Weser, the second federal waterway in the district, the Weser. The length of the canal in the district is 39 kilometers.
To the south and north of the canal, in the glacial valley of the Weser and in the valley of the Weser tributary river Bastau , which runs parallel to the canal, large bogs originally formed, but most of them were transformed into grassland by humans. The largest of these remaining bog is the Great Peat Bog .
In the Minden-Lübbeck part of the Ravensberger Hügelland, the Werre River, which flows into the Weser near Bad Oeynhausen, runs parallel to the Wiehengebirge . In the southwest, the still young Große Aue (it rises around two kilometers south of the district) breaks through the Wiehengebirge and flows through the North German Plain to the north. The Great Dieck River rises in the Wiehen Mountains in the southeast of the district . The Great Dieck River initially runs west of the Great Aue and flows into the Great Aue in the far north of the district area. In the northwest, the district extends up to 350 meters from the bank of the Hunte .
The Wiehen and Weser Mountains form a local watershed . South of the mountain ridge, the brooks flow south to the Werre, north of it to the Great Aue or directly into the Weser. The westernmost part of the municipality of Stemwede and the city of Preußisch Oldendorf drain into the Hunte. The district is completely drained via the listed tributaries of the Weser. Larger lakes are located on the Great Weserbogen and in the further course of the Weser, as well as on the Aue ( Großer Auesee ) and in the Wiehengebirge ( Oberlübber Bergsee ). In the Great Peat Bog, peat extraction has left behind some larger lakes. However, none of the lakes in the district are of natural origin. The lowest point of the district is in the Petershagener locality Wasserstraße at 27 m .
Neighboring areas
The Minden-Lübbecke district protrudes far into the Lower Saxony area; 83 percent of its district border is also a state border. This is the highest value for a district in North Rhine-Westphalia and is only exceeded nationwide by the district of Berchtesgadener Land .
Starting in the west in a clockwise direction, the district borders on the districts of Osnabrück (border length 31 km), Diepholz (border length 36 km), Nienburg / Weser (border length 61 km) and Schaumburg (border length 42 km) (all in Lower Saxony ) as well as the Districts Lippe and Herford (border length together 45 km, both in North Rhine-Westphalia).
Spatial planning
In terms of spatial planning , Lübbecke and Minden each largely form the center for the respective old districts. According to the definition in the state development plan of North Rhine-Westphalia, however, all places in the old district of Minden except for the municipality of Hille and the cities of Lübbecke and Espelkamp in the old district of Lübbecke are designated as central centers . Minden also already shows partial functions of a regional center .
As the metropolis of Ostwestfalen-Lippes, Bielefeld is predominantly the closest and quickest regional center for the district. In the northwest, Osnabrück is partly the more favorably located metropolis.
Circle structure
The Minden-Lübbecke district is made up of eleven municipalities, eight of which bear the title city . Bad Oeynhausen, Espelkamp, Lübbecke, Petershagen and Porta Westfalica are classified as Middle District Cities , Minden as Large District City .
| local community | Residents | Area [km²] |
Population density [inh / km] ² |
  |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bad Oeynhausen (City) | 48,604 | 64.80 | 750 | |
| Espelkamp (city) | 24,782 | 84.16 | 294 | |
| Hille | 15,374 | 102.99 | 149 | |
| Hüllhorst | 13,032 | 44.73 | 291 | |
| Lübbecke (city) | 25,541 | 65.04 | 393 | |
| Minden (city) | 81,716 | 101.08 | 808 | |
| Petershagen (city) | 25,119 | 211.95 | 119 | |
| Porta Westfalica (City) | 35,631 | 105.18 | 339 | |
| Preussisch Oldendorf (city) | 12,188 | 68.79 | 177 | |
| Rahden (city) | 15,402 | 137.34 | 112 | |
| Stemwede | 13,020 | 166.12 | 78 |
Population figures on December 31, 2019, the area
Land use
| Area according to type of use |
total | Agricultural area |
Forest area |
Settlement and traffic areas |
Surface of water |
other use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area in km² | 1152.22 | 756.7 | 128.98 | 220.13 | 34.08 | 12.33 |
| Share of total area | 100% | 65.7% | 11.2% | 19.1% | 3% | 1 % |
In the north, the land consists of geest with sand and moors , it is rather barren here, the proportion of grassland is high. Large areas are afforested. The proportion of grassland also increases steadily in the northern district from east to west. In the Bastau lowlands there is mostly grassland (Mindener Wiesen), and partly unused unused land (moor). The northern edge of the mountains offers a different picture. There is the best soil that is used intensively for arable farming. In the southern Ravensberger Land, too, the ice age loess layer offers greater soil fertility with intensive land use.
The proportion of forest in the district is comparatively low at 11.2% of the area (Germany 30%, NRW 25.5%). Nevertheless, you can walk from Preußisch Oldendorf to Porta Westfalica on the ridge path of the Wiehengebirge and east of the Weser on the ridge of the Wesergebirge, completely through the district from west to east without leaving the forest. The city of Espelkamp is also known as the “city in the forest”. In the north of the district there is a strip of high forest: The Lever Forest, together with the Espelkamp forests (Kleihügel, Gabelhorst), the Osterwald, the Pohlschen Heide, the Mindener Wald and the Heisterholz form a not completely closed, but significant forest belt, the the northern Minden-Lübbecker Land runs through the state road 770 over a length of 31 kilometers and continues in the Schaumburg Forest.
The forests of Wiehengebirge (4290 ha ) and Wesergebirge (980 ha) are the largest closed forest areas. They go back to the afforestation in Prussia at the beginning of the 19th century. Previously, the Wiehengebirge was used for grazing up to the ridge. Also worth mentioning are the Stemmer Mountains (750 ha), the Heisterholz (State Forest Minden, 850 ha), the Pohlsche Heide (690 ha) and the Lever Forest (610 ha). Broken down by municipalities, the proportion of forests is between almost 20% in Lübbecke and barely 3% in Rahden.
At 65.7%, the proportion of agricultural land is well above the national average (49.2%) and is also the highest value of all rural districts in the Detmold administrative district (average OWL: 57.3%). At the municipal level, this value fluctuates between Bad Oeynhausen (around 30%) and the city of Rahden (over 80%). The latter municipality has the largest share of agricultural land in Ostwestfalen-Lippe.
At 3%, the district has a comparatively high proportion of water bodies, which is significantly higher than the national average (1.9%). The Weser, Mittellandkanal and the ponds and lakes on both sides as well as the large moor lakes in the Bastau lowlands contribute to this. There are numerous lakes in the district, but most of them are much smaller than 100 hectares. Three of them are official bathing lakes of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, for example the Great Auesee .
nature
geology
A 3–4 km wide glacial valley runs south of the Mittelland Canal towards the Weser. Numerous boulders , including one of the largest in northern Germany in Ton Heath , bear witness to the penultimate Ice Age . The ice line ran roughly at the level of the canal. In lübbecke loessland was during the ice age loess deposited.
climate
The district has a central European oceanic climate with moderately warm summers and relatively mild winters. The annual mean temperature is around 8.5–9.5 ° C. Precipitation is roughly evenly distributed throughout the year and amounts to 650–800 mm. Snowy or cold winters rarely occur. The winds leading from the Atlantic, with a preferred wind direction west to northwest, are characteristic. Less precipitation, but mostly heat in summer and cold in winter, bring the winds coming from the east. The maximum precipitation is usually found in June, locally also in winter. For Minden and Rahden-Varl:
|
Precipitation in Minden-Hahlen (46 m)
Source: DWD
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Temperature and precipitation in Rahden-Varl (42 m)
Source: DWD
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In Lübbecke, the mean daily temperature is below 0 ° C on an average of 37 days (from November to March). The number of hours of sunshine is 1435 hours a year, with a seasonal variation of 200 hours in June and 32 hours in December.
There are three mesoclimatic sub-areas in the district:
- The North German lowlands with the Weser Valley: Both relatively low altitudes have higher average temperatures here, with annual mean values of up to 9.3 ° C in the far north. On August 20, 2009, at the weather station in Rahden-Varl, the highest temperature in Germany in 2009 was 37.8 ° C. The protected locations in the Weser Valley and the relatively low-lying areas in the north of the district are particularly warm. Along with the Warburger Börde, these are among the areas with the lowest rainfall in East Westphalia-Lippe. In the far north near Rahden, the average annual rainfall is around 630–700 mm.
- The low mountain ranges: The low mountain ranges in the district are characterized by an average annual mean temperature that is up to about 1 ° C per year lower than in the lowlands. In addition, higher amounts of precipitation are registered here. A distinction must be made here, especially in the Wiehen and Weser mountains, between the windward and lee side. While the mountains in Lübbecker Loessland to the north keep out rain with annual precipitation of only 650 mm, in the southern Ravensberg hill country there are pronounced inclines. In the mountains themselves and on their south side, the rainfall adds up to an average of more than 750–850 mm per year.
- The Ravensberger Hügelland: The Teutoburg Forest somewhat shields the Ravensberger Mulde from the precipitation coming from the Atlantic. Nevertheless, the average annual rainfall in Bad Oeynhausen (724 mm per year) is significantly higher than in the north German lowlands. Due to the basin location between the Wiehengebirge , Meller Berge and Teutoburg Forest , the hill country still has a relatively mild climate. In the part belonging to the district, in the Werre and Weser valleys, slightly higher annual average temperatures of around 9.5 ° C are recorded than in the northern district.
The following climate diagrams show the distribution of precipitation in the western and eastern districts (from north to south):
Rahden-Prussian Ströhen. 40 m . 632 mm
Rahden-Varl. 42 m . 692 mm
Luebbecke. 55 m . 652 mm
Petershagen waterway. 36 m . 642 mm
Petershagen. 43 m . 705 mm
Minden. 46 m . 701 mm
Bad Oeynhausen. 70 m . 724 mm
fauna
Of the wild animals living in the district, the white stork (largest population in North Rhine-Westphalia), the eagle owl and the wolf , which has been considered native again since the end of 2014, are particularly worth mentioning. A new high was reached across the district in 2019 with 88 occupied white stork nests. Around 1990 the district, then with only three pairs of storks, was the only remaining area in North Rhine-Westphalia with an occurrence of this species. In the east of the district, in the urban area of Petershagen and to a small extent in the area of the city of Minden, there is a red deer district . To the east of federal highway 482 to the state border is red deer area. The district is around 9,000 hectares, including 250 hectares in the very south in the Minden city area. H. red deer are allowed to live here as standing game; outside it is consistently shot down. The red deer population density is low, however, with 0-15 animals per 1,000 hectares. To the east, the red deer area in Lower Saxony continues into the Schaumburg Forest.
Protected areas
Nature reserves
There are over 60 nature reserves in the Minden-Lübbecke district . A total of around 7,300 hectares, i.e. 6.3 percent of the district area, are under nature protection. The largest areas are:
- Bastau meadows with 1802 ha
- Weseraue with 767 ha
- Mindenerwald with 515 ha
- Large peat bog with 515 ha
- Oppenweher moor landscape with 492 ha
- Heisterholz with 403 ha
- Schluesselburg barrage with 269 ha
EU bird sanctuaries
In addition to the nature reserves, the three EU bird sanctuaries “ Bastauniederung ”, “ Oppenweher Moor ” and “ Weseraue ” are designated in the district.
history
Today's Minden-Lübbecke district is in a certain area continuity with the former area of the Principality of Minden . In Minden, Charlemagne founded the diocese of Minden around 800 in the course of his efforts to Christianize and the associated disputes (cf. Sachsenkriege ) with the Saxons, who also lived in the Minden area . The Saxon tribal prince and adversary of Karl was Widukind , who is still closely associated with the region in a legendary way today (cf. Evangelical Church of Bergkirchen ).
From the diocese, the Minden monastery developed into an imperial principality in the High Middle Ages . Although its area was significantly smaller than the ecclesiastical diocese, it already roughly corresponded to the area of today's Minden-Lübbecke district. In the south of today's district, some areas, especially around today's Prussian Oldendorf, belonged to the county of Ravensberg, which was consolidated in the 12th century . Ravensberg fell to Brandenburg-Prussia in 1614 .
With the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the Minden Monastery fell to the Electors of Brandenburg as a secularized Principality of Minden . The Catholic diocese of Minden only existed symbolically since around 1550 and the Reformation in the Mindener Land, but had largely forfeited its secular claim to power. The government installed was initially in Petershagen , from 1650 temporarily and from 1669 permanently in Minden. In 1719 Prussia merged the County of Ravensberg and the Principality of Minden as Minden-Ravensberg administratively. Minden became the administrative capital of Minden-Ravensberg, from 1723 the seat of a war and domain chamber and established its leading role as a civil servants and administrative city in East Westphalia, which it was to retain in 1947. On August 1, 1759, French rule over the area was averted in the battle of Minden .
Later, in 1807 , Napoleon I's territory was added to the de facto French Kingdom of Westphalia . Its territorial unity initially existed in the Kingdom of Westphalia; the former principality of Minden roughly corresponded to the district of Minden in the department of the Weser . In 1810 the part to the left of the Weser and north of the Werre fell directly to the French Empire (as the Minden district in the department of the Upper Ems ). The part to the west of the Weser remained in Westphalia.
In 1813/14 the country came back under Prussian control - initially as part of the civil government between the Weser and the Rhine . When the Prussian state territory was reorganized in 1815 , the Principality of Minden was not restored, but the title of Prince of Minden was retained in the Great Title of Prussian Ruler. The area became part of the administrative district of Minden in the province of Westphalia . From 1816, today's district area was essentially represented by the area of the districts of Minden and Lübbecke (initially Rahden) . Smaller parts of today's southern district initially belonged to the districts of Bünde and Herford . Minden, which was initially independent in 1816, was now the administrative center for all of East Westphalia . The city was expanded into a Prussian fortress town and has been an important garrison town since then (until today), although Prussian troop contingents were already in Minden before. During the empire autumn maneuvers were carried out several times in the Mindener Land, which the emperor often inspected from mountain churches.
Until about 1862, the Minden district assembly, the "district estates", consisted of 8 manor owners including the district administrator, 4 members of the cities of Minden , Petershagen and Bad Oeynhausen and 6 members of the rural communities, while the district assembly in Lübbecke consisted of 7 manor owners, one member of the city of Lübbecke and 11 MPs from the 11 districts.
After the southern district area was economically promoted by Prussia early on and a considerable textile and linen industry later also tobacco and cigar industry was able to develop in an initially proto-industrialist way of working, the north initially remained dominated by agriculture, but from 1916 onwards it experienced equally significant economic promotion as the Mittelland Canal was opened and the Minden ports at the Minden waterway intersection were able to develop into an important economic factor.
After the Second World War , today's town of Espelkamp developed on the remains of the Muna near Lübbecke . Espelkamp was one of the large expellee cities in Germany. Until recently Espelkamp was the new home or at least the first port of call for numerous immigrants to Germany. After the Second World War, mainly refugees from the lost eastern territories of the empire dominated, later also late repatriates from the states of the former Soviet Union , including several Mennonites .
By joining the Free State of Lippe was North Rhine-Westphalia, in the Minden initially continue the administrative center for the government Minden, Minden lost precisely those "capital function" because the Lipper had in the Lippe Punktationen a transfer of the seat of the state government to Lippe Detmold reach can. In 1974 the districts of Minden and Lübbecke were merged to form the district of Minden-Lübbecke. The number of parishes has been significantly reduced. The district administration was settled in Minden. The double name Minden-Lübbecke, which was very unusual at the time for a district in North Rhine-Westphalia, was a concession to the people of Lübbecker.
The State Horticultural Show Bad Oeynhausen / Löhne 2000 took place in the Minden-Lübbecke district and in the neighboring Herford district (city of Löhne ). Today the Aqua Magica landscape park is located there .
Territory changes
The district of Minden-Lübbecke was created with effect from January 1, 1973 in accordance with Section 21 of the Bielefeld Act (“Law for the reorganization of the municipalities and districts of the reorganization area Bielefeld”) as part of the regional reforms in North Rhine-Westphalia. The two districts of Minden and Lübbecke , established in the Kingdom of Prussia in 1816 , were dissolved and administration was concentrated in Minden. At the same time, today's large municipalities were formed from several previously independent municipalities, which, however, had often already been administered in joint offices . The offices were dissolved.
The area of the new district essentially corresponds to the areas of the former districts of Minden and Lübbecke. Only the municipality of Uffeln , which was formerly in the district of Minden and was independent until December 31, 1972 , was reclassified to the district of Herford and became part of the city of Vlotho . In 2006, around 1.6 hectares of the area in Lower Saxony were added to the Minden-Lübbecke district and North Rhine-Westphalia as part of a state treaty between Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. The area owned by the federal government, which was used by the Bundeswehr as a corps depot 155 and mobilization base until 1998 , is to be expanded into a commercial and industrial area once this legal basis has been established.
The incorporation of the Lower Saxon village of Büscherheide in the Eggetal into Preussisch Oldendorf , which was temporarily discussed shortly after the territorial reform of 1973 , was not implemented. However, since 2009, Preußisch Oldendorf has been taking over fire-fighting tasks in Büscherheide instead of the Lower Saxony city of Bad Essen under a state treaty .
population
Population distribution
With 270 inhabitants per km², the district is slightly above the national average. However, the population is distributed differently in the district. The population density decreases continuously from south to north and from east to west. The municipality of Stemwede in the northwest of the district is the most sparsely populated municipality with 80 inhabitants / km². More than half of the population lives in the three municipalities of Minden, Porta Westfalica and Bad Oeynhausen. The densely populated regions consistently include the areas of the Ravensberger Hügelland and the northern foot of the Weser and Wiehen Mountains; here village after village is lined up. These areas have fertile loess soil and were cultivated early on. The northern parts of the district and a strip south of the Mittelland Canal are particularly sparsely populated . These areas are relatively barren geest and moors. The low mountain ranges themselves are densely forested and almost uninhabited. The only exception is the Eggetal in the far west of the Wiehengebirge.
Population development
The following table shows the number of inhabitants of the Minden-Lübbecke since the creation of the district in 1973. The numbers 1975-1985 are estimated values, the figures for 1987 census results, the numbers from 1990 updates of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics on the basis the results of the 1987 census. The data relate to the resident population before 1985 and to the population at the main residence from 1985 .
|
|
|
Religions
The district has been Protestant since the Reformation in the diocese of Minden around 1550. The Evangelical Lutheran expression is predominant . The cathedral in Minden, which is still catholic today, as well as numerous other church buildings and former monasteries still bear witness to the former position of Minden as the seat of a bishop. The last bishop, Franz Wilhelm von Wartenberg , ruled over a largely secularized area, which was only led by Protestant administrators without interruption . In today's district areas, which belonged to the Grafschaft Ravensberg, the development into a Prussian-Protestant area was anticipated as early as 1614 with the annexation by Brandenburg-Prussia . At the latest since the Protestant Prussians took possession of the Minden monastery and it was reclassified to the Principality of Minden in 1648, the power of the Catholic Church in the region was finally broken. The Protestant congregations belong to the Evangelical Church of Westphalia and are divided into the church districts of Minden , Lübbecke , and Vlotho .
The Catholic population in the district is mainly the result of migratory movements in the 20th century as a result of displacement and flight as well as general internal migration; the Catholic parishes belong to the deanery of Herford-Minden in the Archdiocese of Paderborn .
The high proportion of Mennonite population in the area around Espelkamp is remarkable . The growth of this evangelical group is mainly due to the influx of ethnic repatriates from the former Soviet Union and its successor states. Muslim believers have also immigrated in recent decades. There is also a small Jewish community in Minden. The Jewish population has been decimated by the pogroms in National Socialist Germany. In Preußisch Oldendorf, for example, there was an old Jewish community. A Jewish cemetery is evidence of this to this day. The Oldendorf community itself was almost completely murdered by 1945. The synagogue survived the war and the extermination of the Jews, but had to be demolished in 1957.
An indication of the current distribution of religions can be the denomination of the students in the district. According to this, in the 2006/2007 school year 70% of the students stated Protestant, 8.7% Catholic and 2.9% Islamic as their religious affiliation. 10.1% said they belonged to another religion and 8.2% no denomination.
Politics and administration
District council
| CDU | SPD | GREEN | FDP | FWG 1 | left | REP | UB-UWG 2 | ödp | per NRW | Pirates | AfD 3 | total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 22nd | 21st | 6th | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 60 |
| 2009 | 23 | 20th | 6th | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 60 |
| 2004 | 26th | 21st | 5 | 4th | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 0 | 60 |
| 1999 | 29 | 23 | 4th | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | - | 0 | 0 | 60 |
| 1994 | 24 | 27 | 6th | 4th | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 0 | 61 |
| 1989 | 22nd | 29 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 0 | 61 |
| 1984 | 23 | 28 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 0 | 61 |
1 FWG Mühlenkreis - Free Voting Community Minden-Lübbecke
2 Independent Citizens' Politics - Independent Voting Community
3 The republican district council member switched to pro NRW during his term of office
The CDU and SPD have formed a coalition for the 2014–2020 election period.
District administrators
Politically, the district was led by the dual leadership of the upper district director as full-time head of the district administration and the honorary district administrator with representative tasks, both of which were elected by the district council. Since 1999, these functions have been combined by a direct election full-time district administrator. In the first terms of office, his term of office was initially five years, since 2009 it has generally been six years. District Administrator Ralf Niermann was elected in 2007 as the successor to his predecessor Wilhelm Krömer, who retired for reasons of age , and remained in office beyond the municipal elections in 2009 until the end of the 2014 electoral period. Then he won the election against Hans Jörg Deichholz (CDU) in the runoff election and leads a second term. The previous four district administrators were:
| Term of office | District Administrator | Political party | Election result | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1973-1984 | Hermann Struckmeier | CDU | - | unsalaried |
| 1984-1999 | Heinrich Dietmar Borcherding | SPD | - | voluntary, from January 1999 full-time |
| 1999-2004 | Wilhelm Kromer | CDU | 54.3% 2 | full-time, early resignation (retirement) |
| 2004-2007 | 53.7% 1 | |||
| 2007-2009 | Ralf Niermann | SPD | 53.1% 2 | full-time, 2009 without re-election |
| 2009- 2014 | ||||
| 2014-2020 | 49.5% 1 63.9% 2 | |||
|
Direct election since 1999: 1 share of the vote in the first ballot 2 share of the vote in the second ballot (runoff) Sources: State Returning Officer of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia |
||||
Senior district directors 1973–1998
- 1973–1974: Horst Rosenbusch (SPD)
- 1974–1993: Rolf Momburg
- 1994–1998: Alfred Giere (SPD)
District Directors
The general representative of the district administrator is the district director elected by the district council for a period of eight years. If the district administrator is prevented from doing so or if the office is vacant, he performs the district administrator's task as head of the district administration.
- 1999–: Cornelia Schöder (SPD)
Deputy District Administrator
The deputy district councilor elected by the district council for the duration of his electoral term takes over the representation of the district administrator in his representative tasks as well as in the chairmanship of the district council, in 2014 as first deputy district administrator Kirstin Korte (CDU) and as second deputy district administrator Reinhard Wandtke (SPD).
Others
With Bianca Winkelmann and Kirstin Korte (both CDU), Christina Weng (SPD), Thomas Röckemann and Markus Wagner (both AfD), the Minden-Lübbecke district has five members in the state parliament, as well as one member in the Bundestag, Achim Post (SPD).
Coat of arms, flag and banner
| Banner, coat of arms and flag | |
|
|
|
|
The coat of arms of the Minden-Lübbecke district was approved by the Detmold administrative district on September 11, 1973. Blazon:
“ In the split shield in front in red two silver (white) diagonally crossed keys with turned away beards, behind in silver (white) three red rafters. "
The coat of arms of the district largely follows the symbolism of the coat of arms of the district of Minden and is heavily based on its form of representation. But it also takes up design elements from the last coat of arms of the Lübbecke district . The keys symbolize the key of Saint Peter . They are shown (mostly crossed) in many coats of arms in the region. The keys were symbols of the bishops of Minden , therefore also represented in the coat of arms of the diocese of Minden , as well as the principality of Minden and the city of Minden . The representation on the red field is typical in all of these coats of arms. Most of the Minden-Lübbecke district was formerly part of the Principality of Minden. Smaller parts in the south of the district also belonged to the County of Ravensberg . The left heraldic field - the Ravensberg rafters - is therefore identical to the coat of arms of the County of Ravensberg. The rafters can be found in many coats of arms in the region, especially in municipalities in the Herford district , in the coat of arms of the city of Bielefeld and others.
The banner and flag have also been awarded with the coat of arms:
- "The circle carries a red and white longitudinally striped (divided) flag with the heraldic shield of the circle shifted from the center to the pole."
- "The circle leads a red and white longitudinally striped (split) banner with the coat of arms of the circle in the middle of the upper half."
District sponsorships
The Minden-Lübbecke district maintains a sponsorship program with the following groups:
- District of Königsberg (Pr.) , From 1939 merged with the district of Fischhausen to what was then the district of Samland. The East Prussia has set itself after the Second World War, the goal for all 48 urban and rural districts of the former province of East Prussia a sponsor district to seek in the Federal Republic of Germany. The district council of the district of Minden unanimously decided on November 25, 1954 to take up this sponsorship, the subsequent district of Minden-Lübbecke took over this.
- District Hermagor / Austria
- Viljandi County / Estonia
- Uckermark district , from 1990
traffic
air traffic
In Porta Westfalica-Vennebeck there is a regional and glider airfield. The nearest international airport is Hanover Airport, 60 km to the east .
Road traffic
Federal motorways 2 and 30 run through the southeastern district as important east-west connections. The Federal Highway 65 is another major east-west axis; it runs north in front of the Wiehen and Weser mountains and connects the old district towns of Minden and Lübbecke . In the northern district area, the L 770 from Bohmte via Stemwede , Espelkamp , Hille and Petershagen to Wiedensahl represents an important east-west route.
North-south connections run on federal roads 482 , B 61 and B 239 , a north-south connection from Diepholz via Herford and Detmold to Bad Meinberg . Furthermore, the B 51 runs between Bohmte and Diepholz in the far west near Dielingen for a short distance through the district. In the extreme south, the federal highway 514 connects Bad Oeynhausen with Vlotho and Kalletal .
Rail transport
The district area is crossed by the main line Berlin - Hanover - Ruhr area , which is important for passenger and freight traffic in a west-east direction, and the Hanover - Osnabrück - Amsterdam railway line . Two single-track branch lines branch off from these lines: the Bünde – Rahden “ Ravensberger Bahn ” line and the “ Weser-Aller-Bahn ” Minden –Petershagen- Lahde - Nienburg line with trains to Rotenburg (Wümme) via Verden .
Shipping
The Mittelland Canal , which crosses the also navigable Weser in Minden at the Minden waterway junction , is of particular importance for inland navigation . There is a connection here via several locks (including the shaft lock ). The ports along this waterway are grouped together in what is known as the port band and marketed together; they are located in Minden , Hille, Lübbecke , Espelkamp and Preußisch Oldendorf . The new RegioPort Weser is to be built as a container transshipment port at its eastern end .
bicycle
There are bicycle stations at some train stations (Minden, Bad Oeynhausen) . Several long-distance cycle paths and local cycle paths such as the heavily frequented Weser cycle path cross the district. The name of the circle as Mühlenkreis the linked mill route on; the wellness cycle route connects the five major spas south of the district.
economy
In the Future Atlas 2016 , the Minden-Lübbecke district was ranked 154th out of 402 districts, municipal associations and urban districts in Germany, making it one of the regions with a “balanced risk-opportunity mix”.
A large part of the district area is used for agriculture. The great importance of agriculture is made clear by the following indicators: Every fifth cattle in the Detmold administrative district, every fourth pig and every third laying hen are located in the Minden-Lübbecke district, although this only makes up around 17.6 percent of the area of the administrative district.
The food and chemical industries are located in Minden. Melitta's headquarters and a subsidiary of BASF are located there . In Bad Oeynhausen, the focus is on medical facilities.
labour market
In September 2010, the district's labor market registered a number of 112,264 employees subject to social security contributions in the district.
media
The leading press organ is the Mindener Tageblatt . The rival newspapers Westfalen-Blatt and Neue Westfälische are represented with local editions in some communities in the district.
The district of Minden-Lübbecke is in the distribution area of the WDR with the Bielefeld regional studio . Local programs are also produced here. There is also a WDR reporter based in Minden. The private radio Radio Westfalica also broadcasts in the district .
Public facilities
The district administration is located in the district town of Minden with branches in other communities in the district and employs over 1500 people (as of 2019).
The administration of justice is guaranteed by local courts in the cities of Minden , Oeynhausen , Lübbecke and Rahden . The Minden Labor Court is responsible for the Minden-Lübbecke district, the Minden Administrative Court for the entire Detmold administrative district .
The Minden Waterways and Shipping Office is responsible for the western part of the Mittelland Canal and part of the Weser in Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia.
Bad Oeynhausen, Minden, Lübbecke and Rahden are the locations of the Mühlenkreiskliniken with a total of around 2,300 beds. The Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia and the Auguste Victoria Clinic are located in Bad Oeynhausen as a 100% subsidiary of the Mühlenkreiskliniken and several privately owned clinics.
The Veritas Hospice, run by the Paritätischer Sozialverein, is located in Lübbecke . The self-help contact point is also located at the joint social association in the Minden-Lübbecke district. There you get in contact with nearly 300 active self-help groups in the Minden-Lübbecke district.
Schools sponsored by the district are the Freiherr vom Stein vocational college with locations in Minden and Bad Oeynhausen, the Leo Sympher vocational college in Minden and the Lübbecke vocational college with a subsidiary in Espelkamp. There are special schools in Hille-Mindenerwald, Hille-Eickhorst and Minden-Rodenbeck.
The Pohlsche Heide waste disposal center is located in Hille , where the amount of waste generated in the entire district is treated and disposed of.
public relation
In the Minden-Lübbecke district, work began in the 1970s to maintain the 41 wind, water and horse mills in the district with extensive programs. The circle became increasingly known for this work, so that it increasingly appeared in public relations from the 1980s as the mill circle and at the end of the 1990s it gave itself a logo that is used in public appearances. The district area is part of the Westphalian Mühlenstraße .
Sports
Two teams from the district are represented in the handball Bundesliga , the TuS Nettelstedt-Lübbecke and the GWD Minden .
outline
The shape of the Minden-Lübbecke district can be found on outline stickers on cars.
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the Minden district was assigned the MI distinctive sign when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today , which was also issued in the Minden-Lübbecke district. Until the 1990s, vehicles from the old Lübbecke district received license plates with the letter pairs EA to LZ and the numbers from 100 to 999.
In the discussion about the license plate liberalization that has been made possible since November 1, 2012 , local politicians in the Lübbecker Land, such as B. the mayor of the city of Lübbecke to reintroduce the LK label of the old Lübbecke district. The district committee of the Minden-Lübbecke district rejected a corresponding application in February 2012, see also here .
Movie
- Autobahn (film) , documentary about the traffic situation in Bad Oeynhausen and the construction of the northern bypass, 2019, 85 min., Script and direction: Daniel Abma , premiere: DOK Leipzig 2019, www.autobahn-film.de
Web links
- Website of the Minden-Lübbecke district
- Mill district of Minden-Lübbecke
- Images from the Minden-Lübbecke district in the image archive of the LWL media center for Westphalia
- District of Minden-Lübbecke in the Westphalia Culture Atlas
- Minden municipal archive: 40 years of the Minden-Lübbecke district
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ↑ State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia : State Development Plan North Rhine-Westphalia 2015 (PDF) Retrieved on February 24, 2019 . Pp. 23, 201-202
- ↑ Overview map of the catchment area of the Upper Center Osnabrück ( memento from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) accessed on December 9, 2015
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office: Online research of the municipal directory ( memento of the original from October 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia : Municipal profile of the Minden-Lübbecke district ( memento of the original from August 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 219 kB)
- ↑ Article about forest areas in the Minden-Lübbecke district
- ↑ a b German Weather Service: Monthly precipitation values of the German Weather Service (1961–1990) ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( ZIP ; 349 kB)
- ↑ German Weather Service: Average temperature values for the period 1961-1990 ( Memento of the original from 23 September 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( ZIP ; 48 kB)
- ^ City of Lübbecke: Welcome to Lübbecke. Facts and figures. Climate.
- ↑ Yahoo News ( Memento of the original from August 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ City of Detmold: Climate Maps ( Memento of the original from January 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Heike von Schulz: At first almost disappeared, now there are more storks than ever before. In: New Westphalian. Newspaper publisher Neue Westfälische GmbH & Co. KG, May 26, 2019, accessed on November 21, 2019 .
- ^ "Action Committee Save the White Storks": Entrepreneurs for the White Stork. In: Website of the NRW Foundation. North Rhine-Westphalia Foundation for Nature Conservation, Heritage and Cultural Preservation , March 2013, accessed on November 21, 2019 .
- ^ Map of the red deer district of Minden
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Hans Nordsiek: From the "district office" to the district administration. A contribution to the administrative history of the Minden-Lübbecke district. Messages of the Mindener Geschichtsverein, year 63 (1991), pp. 41–113.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 327 .
- ↑ Lower Saxony State Chancellery: Change of the common border between Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Hanover, November 1, 2005
- ^ Relict.com: Air tank storage 2 / VI Preußisch Oldendorf
- ↑ RP-Online: Lower Saxony smaller. NRW is getting bigger . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. April 3, 2006
- ^ Agreement under public law on the assumption of fire protection in the Büscherheide district of the Bad Essen community by the city of Preußisch Oldendorf. Retrieved August 20, 2013
- ↑ See: Manfred Beermann : Büscherheide wants to Börninghausen, in: Heimat- und Verkehrsverein Börninghausen-Eininghausen e. V. (Ed.): Our home. The Eggetal. Preußisch Oldendorf, 1993, pp. 154-161.
- ^ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia: Special series on the 1987 population census in North Rhine-Westphalia, Volume 1.1: Population, private households and employed persons. Düsseldorf 1989, p. 128
- ^ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia: State database North Rhine-Westphalia
- ↑ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia: Pupils at general education schools in North Rhine-Westphalia according to religious affiliation ( memento of the original from April 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.3 MB)
- ↑ http://www.westfalen-blatt.de/OWL/Lokales/Kreis-Minden-Luebbecke/Espelkamp/1709679-52.-Kreisparteitag-der-CDU-Minden-Luebbecke-Vortrag-ueber-die-Kriege-in- the-world-delegates-elections-brok-speaks-of-the-turning point
- ^ Regional Returning Officer for the State of North Rhine-Westphalia; Ministry of the Interior of North Rhine-Westphalia: local elections
- ↑ Section 2, Paragraph (1) of the main statutes for the Minden-Lübbecke district
- ↑ Main statutes for the district of Minden-Lübbecke, §2 Paragraph (1), (3), (4)
- ^ Minden-Lübbecke district: Information on sponsorship with the Königsberg district (Pr.) Homepage of the Minden-Lübbecke district, accessed on December 4, 2012
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Statement by the Chamber of Agriculture
- ↑ Mindener Tageblatt of July 22, 2011, accessed on July 25, 2011
- ^ District Court Bielefeld: The judicial district. Justice online NRW.
- ↑ Page on the sticker of the Minden-Lübbecke district
- ↑ Article in the Mindener Tageblatt ( Memento of the original from November 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
![[1]](http://rothirsch.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/rwg_aktuell_170801.jpg){kind=link}
Independent cities: Aachen | Bielefeld | Bochum | Bonn | Bottrop | Dortmund | Duisburg | Düsseldorf | Food | Gelsenkirchen | Hagen | Hamm | Herne | Cologne | Krefeld | Leverkusen | Mönchengladbach | Mülheim an der Ruhr | Munster | Oberhausen | Remscheid | Solingen | Wuppertal
Districts and city regions: City region Aachen | Borken district | Coesfeld district | District of Düren | Ennepe-Ruhr district | District of Euskirchen | District of Gütersloh | District of Heinsberg | Herford district | Hochsauerlandkreis | District of Höxter | District of Kleve | Circle lip | Märkischer Kreis | District of Mettmann | District of Minden-Lübbecke | Oberbergischer Kreis | District of Olpe | Paderborn district | Recklinghausen district | Rhein-Erft district | Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis | Rhein-Kreis Neuss | Rhein-Sieg-Kreis | District of Siegen-Wittgenstein | District of Soest | District of Steinfurt | District of Unna | District of Viersen | District of Warendorf | Wesel district