Oppenweher Moor (bird sanctuary)

	EU bird sanctuary "Oppenweher Moor"
location	District of Minden-Lübbecke in North Rhine-Westphalia (NW) and District of Diepholz in Lower Saxony (NI), Germany
Identifier	DE – 3417–471 (NW) ; DE – 3416–302 (NI)
WDPA ID	555537425 (NW) ; 555537424 (NI)
Natura 2000 ID	DE3416302
Bird sanctuary	8.6551 km²; ; 4.7151 km² (NW) ; 3.9400 km² (NI)
Geographical location	52 ° 31 ' N , 8 ° 31' E Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '53 " N , 8 ° 30' 32" E
Sea level	from 37 m to 39 m
Setup date	2004 (NW) ; 2007 (NI)
administration	Regional council Detmold and the district of Diepholz
particularities	two areas

The Oppenweher Moor area is a European bird sanctuary designated by the Detmold regional council in 2004 and expanded in 2007 by the district of Diepholz (protected area IDs DE – 3417-471 and DE – 3416–302) in the extreme northeast of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and in the south of Lower Saxony .

The Birds Directive of the European Union serves to preserve the wild bird species native to the territory of its member states and to regulate the protection, management and regulation of these birds, their eggs and habitats .

location

The approximately nine square kilometers large bird sanctuary "Oppenweher Moor" is located in the East Westphalian district of Minden-Lübbecke (4.71 km²) and in the Lower Saxony district of Diepholz (3.94 km²). It extends north and south of the state border, north of the district of Oppenwehe belonging to the municipality of Stemwede , between Dümmer in the west, the unified municipality of Wagenfeld in the northeast and the town of Rahden in the southeast.

description

The bird sanctuary “Oppenweher Moor” is described as a “large moor area with former peat cuttings , raised bog remains , dwarf shrub heaths, cotton grass and pipe grass meadows”. With significant occurrences of transitional and swinging turf bogs, in which bog waters are also embedded, it is one of the most important bog formations in north-west Germany. It has an impressive number of endangered bird species nationwide.

Habitat classes



N06 - inland waters, standing and flowing			1 %
N07 - moors, swamps, bank vegetation			44%
N09 - dry grassland, steppes			4%
N10 - Moist and mesophilic grassland			8th %
N14 - Meliorated grassland			43%

Habitat types

3160 - Dystrophic (= brown-colored) still waters: still waters browned by humic acids ( bog eyes , ponds or lakes) with different nutrient contents and a low pH value

4010 - Moist heaths with bell heather: Damp dwarf shrub heaths and heather bogs in - here - Central European area with bell heather

6230 - Species-rich bristle grass lawns: grasslands characterized by bristle grass on mostly shallow soils over acidic rock or sands in a precipitation-rich climate, usually created by extensive grazing; typical species are arnica , bilberry or dog violet, for example, in addition to nib grass

7120 - Degraded raised bogs that can be renatured: raised bogs whose water balance has been impaired or partially peated; at least in some areas they can be regenerated naturally; Plants typical of raised bogs make up essential parts of the vegetation

7140 - Transitional and quaking bogs: bogs and quaking on peat substrates with near-surface or pending, nutrient-poor groundwater or silting belt and quaking training huminsäurehaltiger at edges or nutrient-poor waters

91D0 - Bog forests: deciduous and coniferous forests - in the undergrowth with peat moss and dwarf shrubs - on damp-wet peat substrate, often in contact with other types of bog biotope or in the edge area of the bogs

Protection purpose

The general protection purpose is the preservation and optimization of a lowland with a focus on extensive extensive grassland and the restoration of the moors as a breeding and resting area, especially for cranes , corn kings and white storks .

The area-related conservation objectives are described differently depending on the species .

Breeding birds

Tree falcon

Preservation of light forests with bordering open landscapes, of old trees and islands of old wood, of overhangs, of field trees or groups of trees in fields or along waterways, of extensively used grassland, of waterways with structurally rich bank areas and silting areas, of nesting opportunities such as crow's nests, of the food supply, in particular with small birds and large insects as well as undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from April 15 to September 15.

Common snipe

Preservation of wet meadow complexes, in particular with litter meadows or extensively used wet meadows, near-natural moors, the silting areas of stagnant waters with light reeds or sedge beds, habitats without sources of danger such as overhead lines, preservation of temporarily flooded depressions, wet arable fields and ditches that constantly carry water. , Reed and perennial borders as well as maintenance of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from February 15th to August 15th.

Bluethroat

Preservation of silting zones, reeds and moist, loose willow bushes, flowing waters and their floodplains, preservation of richly structured ditch edges, dams and embankments, of early stages of succession, of secondary habitats such as abandoned sand, clay and gravel pits with the aforementioned habitats, of the food supply, in particular with Insects and their larvae as well as the maintenance of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from March 15th to August 15th

Whinchat

Preservation of extensively cultivated grassland complexes that were mostly mowed late, especially with litter meadow areas, preservation of large sedge reeds, moors and heaths, fringing strips such as road and field borders as well as marginal and old grass strips, but also fallow and wood-free embankments, isolated bushes, tall perennials, cairns and other structures suitable as hunting, sitting and singing stations, secondary habitats such as abandoned mining sites with the aforementioned habitats, preservation of the food supply, especially with insects, as well as maintenance of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season (May 1 to August 31)

Great curlew

Preservation of spacious, open and uncut cultivated landscapes without visible barriers, of grassland, in particular of extensively used meadows, of temporally differentiated uses in low-lying meadow complexes, of wet soil conditions with soft, pageable subsoil, of high groundwater levels, preservation of near-natural moors, preservation of the sedges, the Habitats without sources of danger such as overhead lines and wire fences, preservation of the food supply, especially with insects, worms and smaller vertebrates, as well as maintenance of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season (February 1 to August 31).

lapwing

Preservation of spacious open cultivated landscapes, pastures, poor meadows with patchy vegetation structure, fallow grassland, arable land with late vegetation development and adjacent grassland, flood troughs, occasionally flooded depressions and wet arable areas, preservation of extensively used wet meadow complexes, natural and natural maintenance of river plains undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from February 1st to August 31st.

Teal duck

Preservation of the eutrophic vegetation-rich shallow water lakes, small bodies of water and ditches carrying water, the meadow areas and swamps flooded during the breeding season, the silted areas with reed beds, sedge beds and shallow water zones, preservation of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding or moulting sites during the breeding and rearing season (April 15 to 15 September) and moulting (15 June to 15 September), preservation of the slowly flowing brook in the estuary area with shallow water zones and preservation of secondary habitats such as rain overflow basins with the aforementioned habitats.

crane

Preservation of spacious, open landscapes with unobstructed visibility and flight corridors, preservation and development of suitable feeding areas in the area of potential breeding sites and avoidance of disturbances at breeding, resting, feeding and sleeping areas

Teal

Preservation of the eutrophic vegetation-rich shallow water lakes, small bodies of water and wet meadow ditches carrying water, the slow-flowing waters with shallow water zones, the vegetation-rich moor lakes, the silted areas with reed beds, sedge beds, water-bearing wood, silt areas and shallow water zones, preservation of secondary habitats such as abandoned mining sites as well as conservation with the aforementioned habitats or at least poorly disturbed breeding or moulting sites during the breeding and rearing season (March 15 to August 31) and the moult (July 1 to September 30).

Shoveler

Preservation of the eutrophic, vegetation-rich shallow water lake, the small bodies of water and wet meadow ditches carrying water, preservation of the silting areas with reed beds, sedge beds, silt areas and shallow water zones as well as preservation of undisturbed or at least undisturbed reproduction and moulting sites during the breeding and rearing season (April 15 to September 15 ) and the moult (July 15 to September 15).

Red backs

Preservation of extensively managed orchards, grassland and heathland areas, of low and medium hedges from native species, in particular thorn or prickly wooded trees, preservation of litter meadows and open bog edges, preservation of individual trees and bushes in the open landscape, of field lines, grass paths, Ruderal and perennial corridors and fallow land, field and meadow margins, secondary habitats such as abandoned mining sites with the aforementioned habitats and maintenance of the food supply, especially with larger insects.

oriole

Preservation and development of habitat-typical softwood and hardwood alluvial forests, quarry forests as well as light, moist mixed deciduous forests with high proportions of old wood, preservation and development of moist field trees, parks with high old trees, improvement of the water balance to stabilize a habitat-typical water level in moist and alluvial forests, and in the vicinity of the breeding grounds.

In 1990 the oriole was the " Bird of the Year " in Germany.

Gray shrike

Preservation of extensive, extensively managed orchards with numerous bushes, of hedge areas with the small structures there such as stone hedges, small fallow land, swampy depressions, individual bushes and trees, unpaved field paths, preservation of grazed juniper heaths with groups of bushes and trees, preservation of lean grassland, of wasteland - and fallow land as well as fringing strips, preservation of the moors with bushes and break forest islands, the springy places and swampy depressions, preservation of uncut landscapes, in particular without paved paths and roads, preservation of the food supply, especially with small mammals and large insects as well as preservation of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from February 15th to July 15th

Redshank

Preservation and development of moist extensive grasslands, floodplains, bogs and wetlands with shallow water zones and muddy areas, avoidance of fragmentation and islanding of habitats, improvement of the water balance to stabilize a high groundwater level in wetlands and grasslands, creation of small bodies of water and shallow water hollows, extensification of grassland use (no Rolling after March 15, if possible no grazing or low stocking until June 15, mowing only from June 15, reduced fertilization, no pesticides), securing the breeding sites and avoiding disturbances in the breeding sites (March to June) as well at resting and eating areas

Stonechat

Preservation of heaths and moors, reeds and litter meadows, preservation of roads and fields, fringing strips, embankments, smaller field trees, unpaved field paths, marginal and old grass strips as well as fallow areas, of isolated bushes, tall perennials, cairns and other than hunting, Structures suitable for sitting and singing areas, secondary habitats such as abandoned mining sites with the aforementioned habitats, and maintenance of the food supply, in particular with insects and spiders

Black woodpecker

Preservation and development of habitat-typical deciduous and mixed forests with high proportions of old and dead wood, avoidance of the fragmentation of populated forest areas, preservation and development of sunny clearings, forest edges, light forest structures and small structures as food areas, improvement of the food supply, preservation of cave trees as well as promotion of a permanent one Offer suitable breeding trees and avoid disturbances at the breeding sites (March to June)

Corn Crake

Preservation of structurally rich and extensively used grassland, in particular with litter meadows or wet meadows, moulting and alternative places such as grass, reed and perennial borders, fallow land, individual low shrubbery and field hedges, of forms of cultivation with late mowing from August 15, of fresh up to wet soil conditions, preservation of habitats without sources of danger such as overhead lines, the food supply, especially with insects, snails and earthworms, as well as maintenance of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from April 15 to August 15

White stork

Preservation of extensive, extensively used grassland with wet meadows and cattle pastures, temporally differentiated uses in grassland, of grass, reed and perennial borders, especially in connection with meadow ditches, of high groundwater levels, maintenance of fens, small bodies of water, water ditches and of temporarily flooded depressions , the habitats without sources of danger such as non-bird-safe overhead lines and unsecured chimneys, the nest sites and nesting aids as well as the maintenance of the food supply, especially with small mammals, amphibians, reptiles, large insects and worms

Meadow pipit

Preservation and development of extensively used, moist open land areas with food areas rich in insects (e.g. wet, humid, poor grasslands, fallow land, heathland and bogs), the improvement of the water balance to stabilize a high groundwater level in grasslands and the extensification of grassland use

Migratory birds

Wood sandpiper

Preservation of spacious open cultivated landscapes, pastures, poor meadows with patchy vegetation structure, fallow grassland, arable land with late vegetation development and adjacent grassland, flood troughs, temporarily flooded depressions and wet arable areas, preservation of the extensively used wet meadow complexes, the near-natural as well as conservation of river plains undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from February 1st to August 31st

Greenshank

Preservation and development of suitable feeding areas, preservation and development of dynamic floodplain areas and large-scale wetlands with near-natural flooding dynamics, improvement of the water balance to stabilize a high groundwater level in wetlands, creation of small bodies of water and shallow water hollows as well as avoidance of disturbances in resting and feeding areas

Ruff

Preservation of spacious open cultivated landscapes, pastures, poor meadows with patchy vegetation structure, fallow grassland, arable land with late vegetation development and adjacent grassland, flood troughs, temporarily flooded depressions and wet arable areas, preservation of the extensively used wet meadow complexes, the near-natural as well as conservation of river plains undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from February 1st to August 31st

Hen harrier

Preservation of wetlands with silting areas, reed beds, large sedge beds, litter meadows, of agricultural landscapes with grassland, fields and fallow land, preservation of habitats without sources of danger such as non-bird-safe overhead lines and wind turbines as well as undisturbed or at least undisturbed resting and sleeping places

Marsh harrier

Preservation of silting zones, reed beds and large sedge beds, wet meadow complexes, in particular with litter meadows or extensively used wet meadows, habitats without sources of danger such as non-bird-safe overhead lines and wind turbines, preservation of grass and bush fringes, secondary habitats such as abandoned mining sites or at least the aforementioned habitats and conservation low-disturbance breeding sites during the breeding season from March 15th to September 15th

Red kite

Preservation of diversely structured cultural landscapes with sparse forests, of field trees, large individual trees and rows of trees in the open landscape, of grassland, of old wood islands and old, large-crowned trees with free approach, preservation of trees with clumps, habitats without sources of danger such as non-bird-safe overhead lines and Wind turbines as well as the maintenance of undisturbed or at least low-disturbance breeding sites during the breeding season from March 1st to August 31st

Short-eared Owl

Preservation of large, open landscapes, especially in the border landscapes, preservation and development of potentially colonizable breeding habitats in heather and moorland areas, preservation and development of suitable foraging areas and improvement of the food supply

Wood sandpiper

Preservation and development of suitable feeding areas, preservation and development of dynamic floodplain areas and large-scale wetlands with near-natural flooding dynamics, improvement of the water balance to stabilize a high groundwater level in wetlands, creation of small bodies of water and shallow water hollows as well as avoidance of disturbances in resting and feeding areas

Miniature snipe

Preservation and development of suitable food areas, preservation and development of dynamic floodplain areas and large-scale wetlands with near-natural flooding dynamics, improvement of the water balance to stabilize a high groundwater level in wetlands; If necessary, renaturation and rewetting, creation of small bodies of water and shallow water hollows as well as avoidance of disturbances to resting and feeding areas

Connection with other protected areas

With the bird sanctuary "Oppenweher Moor" the following, contiguous protected areas are designated:

Oppenweher Moor nature reserve
Oppenweher moorland nature reserve

FFH area Oppenweher Moor

Dümmer Nature Park

Information pavilion and hiking trails

There are five circular hiking trails in the protected area. They enable the visitor to observe rare animals and plants. A bird watching tower in the south of the moor also offers a wide view of the center of the area. In the “Moorblick” information pavilion, the history of the moor and interesting facts about its formation and significance are presented.

Web links

Commons : Oppenweher Moor - Collection of images, videos and audio files

The protected area at www.protectedplanet.net
The protected area at the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation
The protected area at the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia

Individual evidence

↑ Article 1 of the current Birds Directive
↑ Map of the protected area in NRW at www.protectedplanet.net, accessed on April 17, 2020.
↑ Map of the protected area in Lower Saxony at www.protectedplanet.net, accessed on April 17, 2020.
↑ Description at the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation , accessed on April 17, 2020.
↑ Profile of the protected area at natura2000, accessed on April 19, 2020.
↑ Oppenweher Moor nature experience map. (PDF; 1.5 MB) Scale 1: 20,000. Dümmer e. V., in cooperation with: Municipality of Stemwede, Municipality of Wagenfeld, BUND Diepholzer Moorniederung, Lower Saxony State Office for Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Protection, 2013, accessed on February 10, 2017 .

[1] Article 1 of the current Birds Directive

[2] Map of the protected area in NRW at www.protectedplanet.net, accessed on April 17, 2020.

[3] Map of the protected area in Lower Saxony at www.protectedplanet.net, accessed on April 17, 2020.

[4] Description at the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation , accessed on April 17, 2020.

[5] Profile of the protected area at natura2000, accessed on April 19, 2020.

[6] Oppenweher Moor nature experience map. (PDF; 1.5 MB) Scale 1: 20,000. Dümmer e. V., in cooperation with: Municipality of Stemwede, Municipality of Wagenfeld, BUND Diepholzer Moorniederung, Lower Saxony State Office for Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Protection, 2013, accessed on February 10, 2017 .