Vondern colliery

Vondern colliery
	General information about the mine
	View of the colliery around 1908,; Postcard No. 23328 from Reinicke & Rubin
Funding / year	Max. 685,074 t
	Information about the mining company
Employees	up to 2285
Start of operation	1902
End of operation	1932
Successor use	Merged with Zeche Jacobi
	Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
	Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 29 '47 " N , 6 ° 54' 15" E Coordinates: 51 ° 29 '47 " N , 6 ° 54' 15" E
	Location of the Vondern colliery
Location	Oberhausen
local community	Oberhausen
Independent city ( NUTS3 )	Oberhausen
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

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The Vondern colliery was a hard coal mine in Oberhausen - Vonderort . The Vondern colliery was the youngest colliery in the Oberhausen coal field . The mine is named after the noble house Vondern in Oberhausen-Osterfeld. Construction of the Herzog von Arenberg colliery began as early as 1863 on the site on which the mine would later be located. In 1865 this unsuccessful construction project was ended.

history

planning

The shaft system was initially designed as a weather shaft system for the Oberhausen colliery of the Gutehoffnungshütte . The reason for this was the unfavorable ventilation of the Oberhausen colliery and the resulting increased risk of firedamp. The most favorable location for the shaft was determined by the surveyor to be a property in the immediate vicinity of Vondern Castle in Osterfeld. Based on a board resolution, a shaft diameter of five meters was chosen for the shaft .

The construction of the mine

In 1898, the sinking work for shaft 1 began near Vondern Castle . The shaft was named Oberhausen 3 . The shaft was created using the sinkhole method. The sinking work went very quickly and without any significant complications. In the following year the shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 167 meters. In 1900, at a depth of 199 meters (- 160 m NN ), the weather bed was set to the south. In the same year, at a depth of 220 meters (−181 m above sea level), the first level, which was to serve as the weather level to the north, was set. By the end of 1900, the shaft had already reached a depth of 310 meters. The second level was set at a depth of 311 meters (- 272 m above sea level). In 1902 the 3rd level, also known as the 420-meter level, was set at a depth of 411 meters (- 372 m above sea level). In the same year the weather connection with the 6th level of the Oberhausen colliery was established via a cross passage. The Oberhausen 3 shaft was put into operation as a weather shaft. The shaft now supplied the northern construction site of the Oberhausen colliery with fresh weather . The exploration of the deposits showed that it would make more economic sense to continue the system as an independent conveyor shaft system. The board of the GHH decided to rename the shaft in Vondern 1 and then to expand the mine into a double shaft system.

The first years of operation

In 1903 the plant was put into operation as an independent mine. In the same year they started to sink shaft 2 directly next to shaft 1. In the same year a hoisting machine was installed and put into operation instead of the sinking equipment . The hoisting machine was driven by steam power and had a drum with a diameter of 7.5 meters as a cable carrier . With this hoisting machine, all three soles could be conveyed in two-basket operation . The first coal was mined in the second quarter of 1903. In 1904, shaft 1 was sunk deeper and the fourth level was set at a depth of 500 meters (- 461 m above sea level). In shaft 2 the carbon was reached in the same year at a depth of 167 meters. In addition, a copy was made for the third level. A steam hoisting machine with traction sheave was installed in shaft 1 as the second hoisting machine . However, this traction sheave conveyance only reached up to the 2nd level. Shaft 2 was put into operation in 1905. The shaft was equipped with a drum hoist, which had a drum diameter of 6.4 meters. A hoisting machine with a traction sheave was installed as the second conveyor system. Shaft 2 now became the main delivery shaft. Shaft 1 was used as the weather shaft. Two pit fans were installed next to shaft 1 so that the weather could be sucked out of the mine structures through the shaft . The pit ventilators were driven by steam power and were able to suck 13,000 m ^{3 of} weather from the pit structures per minute . The mine had a total of five hoists. One main and one secondary hoisting machine per shaft and, in addition, one auxiliary hoisting machine for shaft 1, which served as a feeder machine for the main hoisting machine of shaft 1. There was also a chew . For the distance conveyor 29 were pit pony used. The relatively small number of pit horses used was due to the short distances between the loading point and the filling point .

Since the Vondern colliery did not operate its own dewatering , the pit water had to be removed in some other way. The Oberhausen and Vondern collieries were connected underground by two levels. Since there was only a relatively small inflow of pit water in the two construction sites, the mines could be drained via a central water retention system at the Oberhausen colliery. Since the pit water from the two mines did not get along and flocculated barite when mixed and blocked the pumps, both mines had to operate their own swamp section . In 1906 a breakthrough was made on the third level with the Oberhausen colliery.

From the beginning of 1907 a coking plant was put into operation on the plant . The plant consisted of a coke battery with 60 ovens and additional auxiliary recovery systems for the production of tar and ammonia . In 1909, the coking plant was expanded to include another coke battery, also with 60 regenerative ovens. The coking plant produced between 580 and 600 tons of coke per calendar day . The coke oven gas produced by the coking plant was used in two coke oven gas machines, which were located in a specially built power plant. These coke oven gas machines were used to drive two three-phase generators, each with an output of 1000 kW . The electrical energy generated in this way was fed into the GHH ring network. In 1909 there was a pit fire in the middle of the year . The fire occurred on the second level of the mine. The fire could not be extinguished by the mine rescue team , but it was brought under control by installing several fire dams . People were not harmed in this mine fire.

Expansion of the mine

In 1910, which was begun mining area Neu-Oberhausen on the second and third sole align . For this purpose, routes were driven in order to develop the Jacobi colliery , which is planned 3000 meters to the north . In the same year, shaft 2 was sunk deeper to the fourth level. From 1912 onwards, the Jacobi colliery being built in Klosterhardt was used as an underground breakthrough to optimize weather management . In the same year a briquette factory was completed. It is not known whether this briquette factory ever went into operation. In order to improve the route support , the 3rd and 4th level the support by means of pit horses was changed to locomotive support. Five compressed air-powered locomotives were used for this. The required compressed air was generated by a high-pressure compressor system installed above ground and fed into the underground pipeline network. In July 1913, the 3rd level of the Vondern colliery was connected to the 2nd level of the Jacobi colliery. This was the second connection between the two mines. During the First World War, the expansion of the Vondern mine was continued. Pit horses have not been used since May 1915. In the following year, a facility for producing benzene was put into operation at the coking plant. After the First World War, the situation at the Vondern colliery was initially difficult due to the political situation. From 1921 onwards, the situation returned to normal again. In the pursuit were seams manually with Hammers in Verhieb taken. With very hard coals, cutting machines were used to support the work. The conveyance took place by means of a vibrating chute and rubber belt conveyor belts to the loading point. In 1926, shaft 2 was penetrated with the 5th level at a depth of 662 meters.

The last few years until the shutdown

In the context of the global economic crisis , Gutehoffnungshütte carried out extensive rationalization measures for its conveyor systems in the Oberhausen area. In October 1930 the coking plant was shut down. Due to the poor coal sales in 1930 and 1931, party shifts were initially carried out in order to adapt the production at least somewhat to the coal sales . When this measure was no longer sufficient, the company management was forced to introduce further rationalizations. This led to the decision to merge the Vondern and Jacobi collieries into one composite mine . On January 15, 1932, production on the Vondern construction site was stopped. On February 1, the Vondern construction site was added to the Jacobi colliery. The coal mined in the Vondern construction field was mined underground to the Jacobi colliery and brought to the surface there. Most of the daytime facilities were demolished. The two Vondernschächte initially remained open for the cable car and material transport. From October 1, 1932, the regular cable car ride in the shafts of the Vondern construction site was discontinued. The shafts remain open for ventilation. In 1956, the headframe above shaft 1 was demolished because the shaft no longer had any other tasks. A new pit fan was also installed. The shaft was given an airtight shaft hall. In 1965 the two shafts Vondern 1 and Vondern 2 were filled with wash mountains and gravel . The remaining buildings were demolished.

Promotion and workforce

The first known production and workforce figures come from 1903, when 182 miners produced 57,394 tons of hard coal . In 1905, around 275,000 tons of hard coal were mined by 1,000 miners. In 1910, 2189 miners extracted 570,482 tons of hard coal. In 1913 the maximum production of the mine was achieved with 2103 miners. The production this year was 685,074 tons of hard coal. In 1915, 1955 miners extracted 430,636 tons of hard coal. During the First World War, the workforce fell to 1,358 miners in 1916. Up until the end of the First World War, prisoners of war were also increasingly used for work underground, thus increasing the workforce to 1750 men. In the last year of the war, around 499,000 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1920, 1802 miners extracted 358,479 tons of hard coal. In 1925, around 548,000 tons of hard coal were mined by 2,285 miners. The last known production and workforce figures for the mine are from 1930, with 1634 miners, 476,072 tons of hard coal were extracted.

Current condition

Today none of the buildings of the Vondern colliery have survived. The A 42 has been running over the former Zechenplatz since August 1st, 1974 . The fallow land of Vondern belongs to the Route of Industrial Culture and was artistically redesigned in 2008.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fr. Frölich: The Gutehoffnungshütte Oberhausen. Second book, The works of the Gutehoffnungshütte according to the status of 1910. In memory of the 100th anniversary 1810-1910
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition, Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus, 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Fritz Pamp: Die Zeche Vondern . In: Osterfelder Bürgerring. (Ed.): Der Kickenberg, Osterfelder Heimatblatt. No. 18, Walter Perspektiven GmbH, Oberhausen March 2011, ISSN 1864-7294 , pp. 4-6
^ ^A ^b Günter Streich, Corneel Voigt: Zechen Dominanten im Revier. 2nd expanded and revised edition, Verlag Beleke KG, Nobel-Verlag GmbH, Essen 1999, ISBN 3-922785-58-1 .
↑ ^a ^b Fritz Pamp: The Jacobi mine; Their development up to the conclusion of the first collective agreement in 1919 . In: Osterfelder Bürgerring. (Ed.): Der Kickenberg, Osterfelder Heimatblatt. No. 22, Walter Perspektiven GmbH, Oberhausen March 2012, ISSN 1864-7294 , pp. 4-6
^ Metropolitan clock on the Vondern fallow land (accessed on December 21, 2012)

[Quelle_1-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .

[Quelle_3-2] Fr. Frölich: The Gutehoffnungshütte Oberhausen. Second book, The works of the Gutehoffnungshütte according to the status of 1910. In memory of the 100th anniversary 1810-1910

[Quelle_2-3] Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition, Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus, 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7

[Quelle_4-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Fritz Pamp: Die Zeche Vondern . In: Osterfelder Bürgerring. (Ed.): Der Kickenberg, Osterfelder Heimatblatt. No. 18, Walter Perspektiven GmbH, Oberhausen March 2011, ISSN 1864-7294 , pp. 4-6

[Quelle_7-5] A ^b Günter Streich, Corneel Voigt: Zechen Dominanten im Revier. 2nd expanded and revised edition, Verlag Beleke KG, Nobel-Verlag GmbH, Essen 1999, ISBN 3-922785-58-1 .

[Quelle_5-6] Fritz Pamp: The Jacobi mine; Their development up to the conclusion of the first collective agreement in 1919 . In: Osterfelder Bürgerring. (Ed.): Der Kickenberg, Osterfelder Heimatblatt. No. 22, Walter Perspektiven GmbH, Oberhausen March 2012, ISSN 1864-7294 , pp. 4-6

[Quelle_6-7] Metropolitan clock on the Vondern fallow land (accessed on December 21, 2012)