Schmachtendorf
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Schmachtendorf
City of Oberhausen
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| Height : | 45 m |
| Area : | 3.33 km² |
| Residents : | 8411 (2017) |
| Population density : | 2,526 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1917 |
| Incorporated into: | Sterkrade |
| Postal code : | 46147 |
| Area code : | 0208 |
Schmachtendorf is a district of the independent city of Oberhausen in North Rhine-Westphalia and counted 8,411 inhabitants on an area of 333 ha on December 31, 2017 (excluding Waldhuck and Waldteich ).
location
Schmachtendorf is in the north of the Sterkrade district. It borders Dinslaken - Hiesfeld to the north, the Walsumermark and Königshardt to the east , separated by the A3 motorway , Alsfeld and the Weierheide to the south , the A3 motorway towards Cologne separated , and Holten and Barmingholten to the west .
history
Schmachtendorf had already been settled in the Mesolithic , as evidenced by a large number of flint tools that have been found in the area. Due to the barren sandy soil, which did not allow sufficient harvests, the settled hunters moved away again.
The real history of Schmachtendorf begins in 1749 with a settler from Wesel named Johann Fester, who settled in the "Bergische Hufe", as the area between the Tüsselbeck and Handbach brooks was called. In 1762 the name Schmachtendorf appears for the first time in Hiesfeld's Lutheran church book. He points out the dire living conditions of the first settlers on the Handbach. It was not until a century later that the inconspicuous settlement developed - due to the division of the common lands - with a mill (1867), farm (1870) and forge (1883) as well as the two schools (Martini 1854 and Dunkelschlag 1873) and the two churches (Cath. St. Josef 1898 and ev. Church 1906) to a small village.
The upswing of the Gutehoffnungshütte in Sterkrade around 1870 was of particular importance for the growth of Schmachtendorf. The establishment of the Holten station in 1887 on the Oberhausen-Arnheim railway line, which was opened in 1856, brought the connection to regional traffic. The district received a further influx around 1900 through the sinking of the Hugo Haniel colliery at Waldteich and the associated miners' colonies. They caused the opening of a post office in May 1900. Schmachtendorf originally belonged to the village of Hiesfeld, which in 1905 had risen to become the largest country mayor of the empire. In 1917 this was divided between the cities of Dinslaken and Sterkrade, which Schmachtendorf received. Due to the regional reform of the Ruhr area in 1929, it was incorporated with Sterkrade to Oberhausen.
Place name
The name Schmachtendorf appears for the first time in 1762 in the Lutheran church book of Hiesfeld and indicates the dire situation of the first settlers.
statistics
As of December 31, 2017, 8,411 residents lived in Schmachtendorf.
Structure of the population:
- Minor quota: 14.5% (Oberhausen average: 15.7%)
- Old age quota: 24.5% (Oberhausen average: 21.5%)
- Proportion of foreigners: 5.7% (Oberhausen average: 15.0%)
- Unemployment rate: 4.2% (Oberhausen average: 8.2%)
politics
coat of arms
Blazon: In silver (white), over a red, curved and shortened tip accompanied by two green (juniper) bushes, this topped with a silver spade leaf, a black tricorn.
Significance: The trees mark the juniper, which as a characteristic plant of the former dune and heather area determined the landscape and was of particular use for the early inhabitants of Schmachtendorf due to its fruits and wood. The spade blade is the most important garden tool with which the first settlers laboriously cultivated the barren sandy soil. The three-cornered hat documents the royal Prussian state authority of the 18th century, the approval of which made the settlement of the first colonists possible.
Economy and Infrastructure
Infrastructure
With the redesign of the town center around Markt and Dudelerstraße from 1988 to 1991 Schmachtendorf received its urbanity. The weekly market has existed since 1976. The surrounding forest areas of Hühnerheide in the north and the Sterkrader and Oberhausener Stadtwald am Dunkelschlag in the south offer space for various leisure activities.
The Schmachtendorf local researcher Karl Lange writes about the chicken heath as follows: »It takes its name from the wealth of wild chickens. As a forest heathland area, it was specially created for these animals. It was part of the large Walsumer Mark and covered an area of 2116 acres (1781). It was not just the small wooded area that we know today as chicken heather. «
According to the official card from 1736, the Brink was one of them. This area was used by all residents of the surrounding common use of the chicken heather. It says: “The chicken heather lies together in a parcel and, with the exception of a few low areas, consists of sandy soil, which is partly gravel and partly clay. Although the location is flat and the climate is so favorable, the object of division is, on average, the distance from the individual farms that make up the municipal association of Hiesfeld, but always three-quarters to an hour away, and because of the distance it is no further than nothing to use for wood crops and for common hats and plague mowing on the part of the local residents. «On February 18, 1826, an agreement had been reached on the disputes between the royal treasury and the Hiesfeld beneficiaries (beneficiaries). As a result, the chicken heath was divided up, regardless of soil quality, in such a way that the tax authorities received a third of the land (forest areas), while the residents of Hiesfeld, the citizens of Holten and the few entitled ones from Sterkrade were compensated with the other two thirds (total 360).
After the division was completed, the shared use stopped. The chicken heather has always been a valued hunting ground. At the turn of the century she still had a considerable number of red deer. In March 1896 the Sterkrader Volksblatt reported that in the so-called Hühnerheide the forest ranger Mr. Knichel, Schmachtendorf, had hunted down a capital twelve-ender weighing 240 pounds without antlers and breaking out. And in November of the same year the Neue Oberhausener Zeitung wrote: "... the royal forester, Mr. Otto zu Forsthaus Fernewald, had a rare hunt, a big roe buck, to kill on a drive hunt in the Hühnerheide." Only a year later, the luck of the hunt brought the master craftsman Knichel another crown tens weighing 184 pounds. Today the Hühnerheide is only 126 hectares in size. It has belonged to the city of Oberhausen since December 1, 1964 and is used as a local recreation area.
education
The primary school on Oranienstraße is located in Schmachtendorf, which is the result of the merger of the municipal primary school Schmachtendorf and the Catholic Dunkelschlagschule. The Heinrich Böll Comprehensive School is the only secondary school in the district.
traffic
The district is well connected to the transport network through the Oberhausen-Holten train station on the Oberhausen-Arnheim railway line and the A3 motorway exit Dinslaken-Süd / OB-Schmachtendorf . Schmachtendorf is integrated into the local transport network with the bus lines SB90, SB98, 954, 955 and 960 of the Rhein-Ruhr transport association. It was once planned to expand tram line 112 , which currently ends in Sterkrade-Mitte am Neumarkt, to Schmachtendorf, which would certainly have been economical due to the dense settlement. This failed at the time due to public protests.
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ The population in Oberhausen on December 31, 2012. Retrieved on April 4, 2015 .
- ^ Oberhausen social structure report: Population on December 31, 2017
- ^ History of Schmachtendorf. Retrieved April 4, 2015 .
- ^ History of Schmachtendorf. Retrieved April 4, 2015 .
- ^ Oberhausen social structure report: Proportion of the population under 18 years
- ^ Oberhausen social structure report: Proportion of the population aged 65 and over
- ^ Oberhausen social structure report: Proportion of non-German population
- ↑ Oberhausen social structure report: Total unemployment rate in 2017
- ↑ Oberhausen schools. Retrieved April 4, 2015 .
Web links
Alsfeld | Alstaden | Alt-Oberhausen | Barmingholten | Bermensfeld | Biefang | Borbeck | Brink | Bricktorviertel | Buschhausen | Muffled | Darkfall | Eisenheim | Grafenbusch | Holten | Klosterhardt | Knappenviertel | Königshardt | Lirich | Marienviertel | Neuköln | New center | Osterfeld | Osterfeld-Heide | Rothebusch | Schlad | Schmachtendorf | Black heather | Stemmersberg | Sterkrade | Sterkrader Heide | Styrum | Tackenberg | But rather | Vonderort | Waldhuck | Forest pond | Walsumermark | Weierheide