District of Essen

The district of Essen , until 1873 the district of Essen , was from 1816 to 1823 and from 1857 to 1929 a district in the Düsseldorf administrative district of the Prussian Rhine province . In its greatest extent it essentially comprised the area of ​​today's cities of Essen and Mülheim an der Ruhr .

Administrative history

The Essen district from 1816 to 1823

The area of ​​the Essen district, which until then had belonged to the Rhine département of the French satellite state Grand Duchy of Berg as the Arrondissement Essen (built in 1808) , was added to Prussia at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. In the course of the Prussian administrative reorganization, the Essen district was created on April 23, 1816 as one of more than 40 districts in the Jülich-Kleve-Berg province , which later became part of the Rhine province. The district was made up of the seven mayorships of Altenessen, Borbeck , Essen, Kettwig, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Steele and Werden, which were formed during the French era . On September 27, 1823, the district was dissolved again and merged with the Dinslaken district to form the new Duisburg district .

The Essen district from 1859 to 1929

By cabinet order of August 10, 1857, the Essen district was reorganized in 1859. For this purpose, the old district, but now without the mayor's offices of Mülheim / Ruhr-Stadt and -Land, was removed from the district of Duisburg. In 1862 the localities of Lippern and Lirich were transferred from the Borbeck mayor's office to the Duisburg district to form the new municipality of Oberhausen .

The city of Essen left the district in 1873 and formed its own urban district . Since then, the Essen district has been known as the Essen district . Also in 1873 the communities of Frillendorf, Huttrop, Katernberg, Kray, Leithe, Rotthausen, Rüttenscheid, Schonnebeck and Stoppenberg were separated from the Altenessen mayor and formed the new mayor's office in Stoppenberg . In the same year, the Altendorf community was separated from the Borbeck mayor and raised to the status of Altendorf mayor . The district of Essen then had the following administrative structure:

Mayorry	Cities and Towns (1874)
Altendorf	Altendorf
Elderly food	Altenessen , Karnap
Borbeck	Borbeck
Kettwig city	Kettwig (city)
Kettwig country	Heisingen , circumstance , four-way relationships
Steele City	Steele (city)
Steele-Land	Rellinghausen , Überruhr
Stoppenberg	Frillendorf , Huttrop , Katernberg , Kray , Leithe , Rotthausen , Rüttenscheid , Schonnebeck , Stoppenberg
Becoming city	Becoming (city)
Becoming country	Byfang , Seven Sons

In the period that followed, the following changes were made to the administrative structure:

• On January 15, 1875, the two honnships Hinsbeck and Rodberg , which until then belonged to the community of Siebenhonnschaften in the mayor's office of Werden-Land, formed the new municipality of Kupferdreh .

• The urbanized part of the community was incorporated into the town of Kettwig in 1875. The two new communities, Zweihonnschaften ( Schuir and Bredeney ) and Dreihonnschaften ( Ickten , Roßkothen and Umstand ) were formed from the rest of the municipality of Umstand and the dissolved municipality of Vierhonnschaften .

• On January 1, 1876, the new mayor's office in Rellinghausen was formed from the communities of Heisingen and Rellinghausen .

• On April 1, 1884, the municipality of Rüttenscheid was reclassified from the mayor's office Stoppenberg to the mayor's office in Rellinghausen.

• The mayorry of Steele-Land has been called mayor's office of Überruhr since 1894 .

• In 1896 the new mayor's office of Kupferdreh was formed from the communities of Kupferdreh and Byfang .

• On June 1, 1900, the municipality of Rüttenscheid was raised to its own mayor's office.

• On August 1, 1901, Altendorf was incorporated into the city of Essen.

• On September 1, 1902, the community of Zweihonnschaften was raised to its own mayor's office. Mayor's office and municipality were renamed Bredeney in 1903 .

• On July 1, 1905, Rüttenscheid was incorporated into the city of Essen.

• On October 1, 1906, the new Kray mayor's office was formed from the municipalities of Kray and Leithe .

• On October 1, 1906, the Rotthausen community was raised to its own mayor's office.

• On April 1, 1908, Huttrop was incorporated into the city of Essen.

• On April 1, 1910, Rellinghausen was incorporated into the city of Essen. Since then Heisingen has formed its own mayor's office.

• On April 1, 1910, the three communities Haarzopf , Menden and Raadt from the dissolved district of Mülheim an der Ruhr were incorporated into the district of Essen.

• Altenessen, Borbeck, Bredeney and Haarzopf were incorporated into the city of Essen in 1915. Since then, Karnap has formed its own mayor's office.

• Menden and Raadt were incorporated into the city of Mülheim an der Ruhr in 1920 .

• Kray and Leithe merged in 1920 to form the enlarged municipality of Kray.

• Byfang and Kupferdreh were merged in 1922 to form the enlarged municipality of Kupferdreh.

• Rotthausen was incorporated into the city of Gelsenkirchen in 1923 .

• Most of the municipality of Königssteele from the Westphalian district of Hattingen was incorporated into the town of Steele in 1926.

• The mayor's offices in the Rhine Province have been designated as offices since 1927 .

At the end of its existence, the Essen district had the following administrative structure:

Office	Cities and Towns (1929)
free of charge	Kettwig (city), Steele (city), Werden (city)
Karnap	Karnap
Kray	Kray
Copper turning	Copper turning
Heisingen	Heisingen
Kettwig country	Drehonnschaft
Stoppenberg	Frillendorf , Katernberg , Schonnebeck , Stoppenberg
Overturn	Overturn
Becoming country	Seven Sons

The Essen district was finally dissolved on August 1, 1929 through the law on the municipal reorganization of the Rhenish-Westphalian industrial area :

• The community of Dreihonnschaften was divided between the cities of Kettwig and Mülheim an der Ruhr.
• The city of Kettwig became part of the new Düsseldorf-Mettmann district
• The rest of the district was incorporated into the city of Essen , apart from smaller parts of the area that fell to Bottrop and Velbert .

Population development

year	Residents
1816 1	37,259
1871 1	135.036
1880	117.904
1890	163.004
1900	284.079
1910	276,804
1925	169.967

¹⁾ 1816 and 1871 including the city of Essen

District administrators

• 1816–1823: Johann Georg Stemmer
• 1859–1867: Friedrich Leopold Devens
• 1868 -9999: Wilhelm Faehre ( substitute )
• 1868 -9999: Johann Forster (substitute)
• 1868–1870: Robert von der Heydt
• 1870 -9999: Carl Zoernsch (by order)
• 1870–1899: Joseph Anton Friedrich August von Hövel
• 1899 -9999: Paul Ikier (by order)
• 1899–1901: Max Rötger
• 1901–1909: Karl Emil Lambert Snethlage
• 1909–1914: Hans von Eynern
• 1914–1918: Paul Brandt
• 1918–1924: Friedrich Schöne
• 1924–1929: Paul Mertens

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Essen district. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
2. ^ Landesarchiv NRW: History of the authorities in the Essen District Office
3. ^ Official journal for the administrative district of Düsseldorf 1875, p. 434 f
4. ↑ Kupferdreh online: Chronicle
5. ^ Official journal for the administrative district of Düsseldorf 1875, p. 190
6. ^ Official journal for the administrative district of Düsseldorf 1875, p. 588
7. ^ Official journal for the administrative district of Düsseldorf 1884, p. 92
8. ↑ Mayor's office of Überruhr. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
9. ↑ ^{a b} Mayor's office in Kupferdreh. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
10. ↑ Mayor's Office Rüttenscheid. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
11. ^ Bredeney Mayor's Office. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
12. ^ Kray Mayor's Office. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
13. ↑ ^{a b} Rotthausen Mayor's Office. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
14. ^ Heisingen mayor's office. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
15. ↑ Karnap Mayor's Office. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
16. ^ Official Journal of the Düsseldorf Government 1920 p. 45
17. ↑ Municipal directory 1929. In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
18. ^ Office Kettwig (Land). In: territorial.de. October 21, 2010, accessed May 29, 2018 . 
19. ↑ Essen Statistics Area - Building Living. (PDF; 4.4 MB) (No longer available online.) In: media.essen.de. P. 6 , archived from the original on September 13, 2017 ; accessed on May 29, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
20. ^ Johann Georg von Viebahn: Statistics and topography of the government district of Düsseldorf in the Google book search
21. ↑ ^{a b} Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia 1885. (PDF; 1.4 MB) In: digitalis.uni-koeln.de. June 20, 2008. Retrieved May 29, 2018 . 
22. ↑ ^{a b c d} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. essen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).