Monschau district

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coat of arms Germany map
The Monschau district does not have a coat of arms
Monschau district
Map of Germany, position of the Monschau district highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 33 '  N , 6 ° 15'  E

Basic data (as of 1971)
Existing period: 1816-1971
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Aachen
Regional association : Rhineland
Administrative headquarters : Monschau
Area : 290.32 km 2
Residents: 32,615 (Dec. 31, 1971)
Population density : 112 inhabitants per km 2
License plate : MON
Circle key : 05 4 35
Circle structure: 17 municipalities
District Administrator : Hans Georg Weiss ( CDU )

The Monschau district (until 1920 the Montjoie district , 1939 to 1969 the Monschau district ) was a district in the Aachen administrative district from 1816 to December 31, 1971 . It initially belonged to the Prussian Rhine Province and from 1946 to the newly formed state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The district town was Monschau .

geography

In 1971, the Monschau district bordered clockwise to the north on the Aachen , Düren and Schleiden districts . To the west it bordered the Belgian province of Liège .

history

At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, it was decided to reorganize the state after Napoleon's defeat . Thanks to its participation in the wars of freedom, Prussia was awarded the Aachen area by the Vienna treaty, among other areas. In November 1815, the Rhineland was divided into two provinces ( Province of Jülich-Kleve-Berg and Province of Grand Duchy of Lower Rhine ), each with three administrative districts. One of them was the administrative district of Aachen in the province of Grand Duchy of Lower Rhine. In accordance with the Prussian administrative structure, districts were also formed whose borders were largely predetermined by the French cantons . The size of these new state administrative districts was determined in such a way that a citizen could do his business at the district administration without staying overnight. With a travel time of about one hour, the conditions at the beginning of the 19th century resulted in a speed - on foot or by horse and carriage - of 5 kilometers per hour.

At the head of the new administrative facility, according to the provisions of Section 34, was the Supreme Cabinet Order of Friedrich Wilhelm III. a "Landrath". The birth certificate of the Montjoie district was the order of the royal Prussian government in Aachen, which was published in the official gazette no. 1 on April 27, 1816. On May 1, 1816, District Administrator Bernhard Böcking took office for the Montjoie district. Montjoie County has been allocated 6.60 geographic square miles for 16,983 citizens. In 1822 the province of the Grand Duchy of Lower Rhine was united with the province of Jülich-Kleve-Berg to form the Prussian Rhine Province by means of a cabinet order.

The Montjoie district was initially divided into the twelve mayorships of Dedenborn, Eicherscheid, Höfen, Imgenbroich, Kalterherberg, Kesternich, Lammersdorf, Montjoie, Roetgen, Rurberg, Schmidt and Simmerath. In the further course of the 19th century, the mayor's offices of Dedenborn and Lammersdorf were abolished and the mayor's office of Zweifall was re-established. With the introduction of the municipal code for the Rhine Province in 1845, some mayorships in the district were subdivided into several municipalities . Since then, there has been a town and 18 other parishes in Montjoie County:

Montjoie county on a map from 1905
Mayorry Communities
Eicherscheid Eicherscheid
Yards Yards , pipes
Imgenbroich Imgenbroich , Konzen , Mützenich
Kalterherberg Kalterherberg
Kesternich Kesternich , Steckenborn , Strauch
Montjoie Montjoie (city)
Roetgen Roetgen , Rott
Rurberg Rurberg
Schmidt Schmidt , Vossenack
Simmerath Lammersdorf , Simmerath
Doubt Doubt

During the First World War , the city of Montjoie was renamed Monschau on August 9, 1918 . The renaming of the Montjoie district to Monschau district followed on June 1, 1920. As part of the Versailles Treaty and following a resolution by a German-Belgian border commission, the Monschau district had to surrender the Vennbahn route and large uninhabited areas of the Venn forests and the Elsenborn military training area to Belgium in 1922 . The area of ​​the circle was reduced by about 70 km².

As in the entire Rhine Province, the mayorships of the district have been designated as offices since January 1, 1928 . In the 1930s, a new division of offices was created, which lasted until 1969:

Offices Communities
free of charge Monschau (city)
Yards Höfen , Kalterherberg , Rohren
Imgenbroich Eicherscheid , Imgenbroich , Konzen , Mützenich
Kesternich Kesternich , Rurberg , Schmidt , Steckenborn , Strauch
Roetgen Roetgen , Rott , Zweifall
Simmerath Lammersdorf , Simmerath , Vossenack

A decisive event in the time before the Second World War was the construction of the Siegfried Line in the district, which was particularly affected by the effects of the construction activities. After the Second World War, new border adjustments followed. 850 hectares of land had to be ceded to Belgium, later areas of 487 hectares, particularly at Fringshaus-Roetgen-Lammersdorf, were returned to the district due to the Brussels Treaty of 1956.

As part of the North Rhine-Westphalian territorial reform, Roetgen, Rott and Zweifall were initially merged on July 1, 1969 to form a new municipality of Roetgen. At the same time the Roetgen office was dissolved. The Monschau district then comprised 17 communities.

On October 1, 1969, the district became the district of Monschau again. The Aachen-law brought on 1 January 1972 more municipal mergers and the end of the circle Monschau:

  • Höfen, Imgenbroich, Kalterherberg, Konzen, Monschau, Mützenich and Rohren were merged to form a new, larger town of Monschau .
  • Eicherscheid, Kesternich, Lammersdorf, Rurberg, Simmerath, Steckenborn and Strauch were merged into a new, larger municipality of Simmerath .
  • Schmidt was incorporated into the town of Nideggen in the new Düren district.
  • Vossenack was incorporated into the municipality of Hürtgenwald in the new district of Düren.
  • The Monschau district and all of its offices were dissolved. Monschau, Roetgen and Simmerath became part of the new Aachen district .

Population development

year Residents
1816 16,984
1825 17,604
1852 20,266
1871 18,276
1880 18,176
1890 18,483
1900 17,688
1910 18,249
1925 20.192
1939 22,860
1950 25,361
1960 27,200
1971 32,615

politics

Results of the district elections from 1946

The list only shows parties and constituencies that received at least two percent of the votes in the respective election.

Share of votes of the parties in percent

year CDU SPD FDP FUWV DZP
1946 69.8 07.0 13.6
1948 65.1 16.4 14.7
1952 63.4 08.2 09.0 17.4
1956 61.6 10.9 11.3 14.9
1961 64.7 11.6 06.1 9.0 08.7
1964 60.7 19.5 08.1 8.2 03.5
1969 62.3 22.5 11.2 4.0

In the 1946 election, independent candidates received 9.7% of the valid votes. In 1948 it was 3.8% and in 1952 2.1%.

footnote

1 1952: additionally: BHE: 2.3%

District administrators

Old district Monschau / southern district Aachen

The former Monschau district forms the southern part of the Aachen city region and the southwestern tip of the Düren district . The three southern municipalities of the Aachen city region, namely

are often referred to as Altkreis Monschau or Südkreis Aachen . The Eschweiler-Stolberg economic area , which is also part of the Aachen city region, joins in the north . Similar to the northern district of Aachen , the three southern municipalities run a joint adult education center in the southern district of Aachen .

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign MON when the vehicle registration number was introduced. It was issued until December 31, 1971. It has been available again in the Aachen city region since July 2, 2013 and also in the Düren district since July 15, 2015.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Territorial.de: History of the Monschau district
  2. ↑ a b Community encyclopedia of the Rhine Province 1888, p. 216 f.
  3. ↑ Rheinische geschichte portal: Events from 1918 to 1933 ( Memento of the original from April 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de
  4. ^ Dictionary of international law and diplomacy. (Digitized version) Julius Hatschek, 1924, p. 292 f. , accessed on January 1, 2015 (Lemma "Eupen-Malmedy").
  5. ↑ Law on the amalgamation of the municipalities of the Roetgen office
  6. ↑ Announcement of the new version of the district regulations for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia from August 11, 1969 in the Law and Ordinance Gazette for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, year 1969, no. 2021, p. 670 ff. (PDF)
  7. ^ Contributions to the statistics of the Königl. Prussian Rhineland. 1829, p. 22 , accessed November 11, 2014 .
  8. ^ Statistics of the administrative district of Aachen 1827, p. 122
  9. ↑ Statistics of the Aachen administrative district 1852, p. 184
  10. ↑ a b Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia 1885, p. 248 (PDF)
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. monschau.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  12. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1973
  13. ↑ Source: respective issue of the State Statistical Office (LDS NRW), Mauerstr. 51, Düsseldorf, with the election results at the district level.
  14. ^ Horst Romeyk : The leading state and municipal administrative officials of the Rhine Province 1816–1945 (=  publications of the Society for Rhenish History . Volume 69 ). Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-7585-4 , p. 325-326 .
  15. ↑ VHS Südkreis Aachen (accessed on July 26, 2011)