Nideggen
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Coordinates: 50 ° 42 ′ N , 6 ° 29 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Administrative region : | Cologne | |
| Circle : | Düren | |
| Height : | 304 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 65.04 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 10,001 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 154 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 52385 | |
| Primaries : | 02425, 02427, 02474 | |
| License plate : | DN, JÜL, MON, SLE | |
| Community key : | 05 3 58 044 | |
| LOCODE : | DE NGG | |
| City structure: | 9 districts | |
City administration address : |
Zülpicher Strasse 1 52385 Nideggen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Marco Schmunkamp (independent) | |
| Location of the city of Nideggen in the Düren district | ||
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Nideggen is in the Eifel preferred small town of Düren in North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ). It is located on a hilltop immediately above the middle Rur valley on the edge of the Eifel National Park in the Rureifel .
geography
Geographical location
The Rur flows through the urban area . The district of Schmidt borders on the second largest dam in Germany, the Rurtalsperre Schwammenauel. The red sandstone cliffs that rise steeply from the Rur valley are famous . The place is at 304 m above sea level. NHN . The district of Schmidt is 452 m above sea level. NHN the highest district.
Neighboring communities
- in the Düren district
- in the Aachen city region
- in the district of Euskirchen
City structure
The following districts belong to Nideggen:
- Evenings (793 inhabitants)
- Berg-Thuir (699 inhabitants)
- Brück (315 inhabitants)
- Embken (754 inhabitants)
- Muldenau (155 inhabitants)
- Nideggen (3,163 inhabitants)
- Rath (778 inhabitants)
- Schmidt (3,002 inhabitants)
- Wollersheim (636 inhabitants)
(December 31, 2018)
Coat of arms and banner
The city of Nideggen was granted the right to use a coat of arms in a certificate from the District President dated December 9, 1975.
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Blazon : "The city coat of arms shows in gold (yellow) a red armored and -tungten lion with the right hind paw holding a diagonally right, blue arrow." |
| Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms is derived from a seal from the 16th century and shows the Jülich lion with an arrow. |
The city of Nideggen was granted the right to use a flag (as a banner) in a certificate issued by the District President of Cologne on November 9, 1976.
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history
Since its foundation in the Middle Ages , the city can look back on a long and varied history.
The place was first mentioned in 1184.
Due to his dispute with Kurköln , Wilhelm II , Count von Jülich , had the Fortress Nideggen (now known as Nideggen Castle ) built between 1177 and 1191 . Around the beginning of the 14th century, Gerhard von Jülich founded a village near the castle according to plan, which he gave town charter to at Christmas 1313 together with his wife Elisabeth von Brabant and his eldest son . Around the same time, the city fortifications with four gates were built after the castle hamlet - the connection between castle and city - had been walled in as early as the 13th century. The gates stood at the end of the streets of the same name, named after the places to which they led: The Brandenberger Tor (not preserved, to Brandenberg ) in the north, the Dürener Tor in the east, the Zülpicher Tor in the south and the Nyckstor in the west Castle. The latter was originally called Burgtor and was renamed around 1500 after Nyt (also "Nix", "Nÿcks") by Birgel (1436-1478), Jülich hereditary marshal and bailiff at Nideggen.
In the following time Nideggen developed into a typical small town in the Rhineland. The St. Sebastianus Rifle Society was founded in 1430 , and there was already a Latin school in 1571 . When the Franciscans came to Nideggen in 1651 , they took over higher education .
The collegiate foundation founded by Count Wilhelm V in honor of Blessed Christina von Stommeln around 1340 became the seat of the Order of St. Hubertus Knights in the 15th century , which grew into the most important order of knights in the Electorate of Bavaria in the 18th century .
In 1689 Nideggen suffered the same fate as many Rhenish towns : it was laid to rubble by French troops in the Palatinate War of Succession , but was rebuilt by its population in the following years .
A population census in 1703 revealed 156 families with a total of 419 people for the village and the surrounding settlements .
The invasion of French revolutionary troops in autumn 1794 and the associated establishment of a French central administration mean the end of the Duchy of Jülich and his office of Nideggen . After almost 500 years, Nideggen, like many other small towns in the Rhineland, lost its town charter .
In 1815 the Rhineland - and with it Nideggen - fell to Prussia as a result of the Congress of Vienna , which merged parts of the departments on the left bank of the Rhine with areas on the right bank to form the Rhine Province (1822). An economic upswing followed, which the Nideggener used to repair parts of dilapidated buildings and the ruinous city wall .
During the Second World War , Nideggen and its surroundings were exposed to the front line and thus numerous bomb attacks and repeated destruction. 89% of the existing building stock was destroyed in the course of the fighting . Once again, the citizens of Nidegg had to rebuild their city almost entirely (in 1926 the place was granted city rights again). With the help of the Düren district, some historical monuments such as parts of the castle complex , the Romanesque church of St. Johannes Baptist and the Düren and Zülpich gates of the city wall were restored according to old plans after the currency reform .
On July 15, 1981, the district rescue station was inaugurated in the Nideggen fire station.
Incorporations
On January 1, 1972, the nine former communities of Abenden, Berg-Thuir, Embken, Heimbach, Hergarten, Muldenau, Schmidt, Vlatten and Wollersheim merged with Nideggen to form the new town of Nideggen. The Higher Administrative Court decided on August 4, 1972 that the new urban area of Nideggen should be divided into two new municipalities, Nideggen (initially without municipal rights) and Heimbach (with municipal rights), with Hergarten and Vlatten Heimbach and the other municipalities being assigned to Nideggen.
politics
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Local election 2014
Turnout: 57.18% (2009: 66.12%)
% 40 30th 20th 10
0
32.09%
18.63%
19.71%
11.84%
7.66%
10.07%
n. k.
Gains and losses
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City council
The city council is the municipal representative of the people of the city of Nideggen. The citizens decide on the composition every five years. The last election took place on May 25, 2014.
In 2008 4 council members resigned from their parliamentary groups / parties (1 SPD, 3 CDU) and in 2009 founded the Free Voting Association Menschen für Nideggen .
Voting procedure mayor
A process that is so far almost unique in North Rhine-Westphalia caused political turmoil in the small town.
Willi Hönscheid, CDU , was mayor from 1993 to 2009 . On December 20, 2005, the city council decided almost unanimously - under the leadership of the CDU - to initiate a voting procedure for fraud under the municipal code of North Rhine-Westphalia. Since the turnout was insufficient and the majority of the participating citizens voted against voting, Hönscheid remained in office. He was acquitted in May 2008 of the charge of fraud in an aid matter.
So far, there have only been successful mayors voted out according to the provisions of the 1994 revised municipal code in NRW in Ennigerloh in the Münsterland region , in Meckenheim in 2007 (Rhein-Sieg district) and in 2012 in Duisburg .
Indebtedness
The city is in a difficult financial position due to a debt level of up to 25 million euros. Since the City Council had previously decided not austerity plan demanded by the state government, Nideggen got the first budget commissioner in North Rhine-Westphalia. This was installed in the person of Ralph Ballast on May 7, 2013 by the state government. In November 2013 he successfully finished his work.
Economy, infrastructure, other
Worth seeing
The old town of Nideggen consists of interesting half-timbered and red sandstone houses. From the central market square you can see the two defiant city gates, and after a ten-minute walk past the Romanesque parish church with one of the oldest preserved frescoes in Germany, you are in front of the gates of Nideggen Castle , a complex of enormous dimensions. A variety of hiking trails opens up around the huge rock massifs over which the castle is built visible from afar.
In the evenings, the Thanksgiving Parade is held every year, which the whole village community designs with many details.
The Schmidt district is the only place in the Düren district that has a public bathing beach on the Rursee . This is located in Eschauel, below Schmidt. In the forest and meadow enclosures of the Schmidt Wildlife Park there are red deer, fallow deer, wild boar, mouflons and llamas.
The gloomy cross is one of the few fire brigade monuments.
traffic
From 1922 to 1926 the Eifel race took place on the gravel roads around Nideggen .
On its route from Düren to Heimbach , the Rurtalbahn runs idyllically next to the river that gave it its name. The Zerkall stops (although the town of Zerkall belongs to Hürtgenwald ) and evenings as well as the Nideggen-Brück station , where trains stop every hour, are located in the urban area .
In the summer months, the Schmidt Wildlife Park is served by Mäxchen , a double-decker bus from the Düren district railway , which runs over the Eifel heights and through the valleys in the Nideggen and Heimbach area.
The federal road 265 leads past Wollersheim .
Bike paths
The municipality of Nideggen is connected to a number of cycle paths :
- The 524 km long moated castle route connects more than 130 castles on the edge of the Eifel and in the Cologne Bay .
- The 480 km long Kaiser route runs from Aachen to Paderborn . It is named after Emperor Charlemagne , who resided in Aachen. The route is based on the presumed route that the imperial army took in 775 on its crusade into the Saxon territory .
- The 1,045 km long D-Route 4 ( Mittelland Route ) leads from Aachen via Bonn , Siegen , Erfurt , Jena and Chemnitz to Zittau .
- The 733 km long D-Route 7 ( pilgrim route ) leads from Aachen via Cologne , Düsseldorf , Duisburg , Münster , Osnabrück , Bremen and Hamburg to Flensburg .
- The 180 km long RurUfer cycle path leads from the source of the Rur in the Belgian Ardennes to its confluence with the Meuse in Roermond, the Netherlands .
Museums
The only castle museum in the Rhineland is located in the district's own castle Nideggen . The Dürener Tor , one of the city's landmarks, hosts regular art exhibitions.
education
There are primary schools in Embken, Nideggen and Schmidt. Schoolchildren with a focus on language and / or learning are supported in the Gereon School in Kreuzau-Boich. This special school is sponsored by the Kreuzau-Nideggen School Association.
One of the locations of the Kreuzau / Nideggen secondary school is in Nideggen.
Six kindergartens and day-care centers are available for the juniors.
Personalities
- Carl Caspar von Siebold (1736–1807), co-founder of modern surgery
- Hermann Joseph Brünninghausen (1761–1834), surgeon, obstetrician and university professor as well as doctor general
- Paul Schaaff (1885–1966), district administrator of the Düren district and honorary citizen of Nideggen
- Otto Pieperbeck (1892–1965), district administrator of the Bergheim district
- Anni Kroll (1919–2015), author and local poet
- Monika Lövenich (* 1955), long-distance runner, lives in Nideggen
- Gudrun Zentis (* 1953), politician (Greens), MdL, lives in the evenings
- Manfred Schnabel (* 1927), professor and director, lives in Nideggen.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ↑ https://www.nideggen.de/zdf/downloads/20190108_Einwohnerstatistik_bis_einschl._2018.pdf
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Nideggen, § 2 Paragraph 1 and 2. (PDF; 74 kB) Retrieved on December 19, 2012 .
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 306 f .
- ^ City of Nideggen. European / Local elections 2014. May 25, 2014, accessed October 30, 2014 .
- ^ Barbara Schmidt-Mattern : Greek conditions in the Eifel. In: Germany today (broadcast on DLF ). April 26, 2013, accessed April 27, 2013 .
- ↑ Interview with the savings commissioner ( Memento from July 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ dpa / cm: Nideggen: First savings commissioner of North Rhine-Westphalia goes with a good feeling. In: welt.de . November 13, 2013, accessed October 7, 2018 .
- ↑ Carl Caspar von Siebold. Retrieved August 27, 2012 .
literature
- Christian Quix : The Counts of Hengebach . The castles and towns of Heimbach and Niedeggen. The former monasteries Marienwald and Bürvenich and the Collegiatstift later Minoriten monastery before Niedeggen; represented historically. Hensen (ed.); Aachen 1839 ( E-Kopiw ).
- Johann F. Martin Aschenbroich: History of the old Jülich'schen residence Nideggen. - Bochum: Faßbender, 1867. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
Web links
- Website of the city of Nideggen
- Rureifel tourism
- The castle museum
- Monuments in the city of Nideggen
Aldenhoven | Düren | Heimbach | Huertgenwald | Inden | Jülich | Kreuzau | Langerwehe | Linnich | Merzenich | Nideggen | Niederzier | Nörvenich | Titz | Vettweiß
Evenings | Mountain Thuir | Bridge | Embken | Muldenau | Nideggen | Rath | Schmidt | Wollersheim