Carl Caspar von Siebold

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Carl Caspar von Siebold

Carl Caspar Siebold , from 1801 von Siebold , also Karl Kaspar von Siebold (born November 4, 1736 in Nideggen / Duchy of Jülich ; † April 3, 1807 in Würzburg ), was a German anatomist , surgeon and obstetrician and professor at the University of Würzburg . He is considered the founder of modern academic surgery.

Live and act

Siebold was the only son of the surgeon Johann Christoph Siebold and his wife Esther, b. Brünninghausen. After studying philosophy in Cologne in 1752 and completing his doctorate in 1753 , Siebold was initially trained as a surgeon by his father from 1755 and from 1757 gained his first experience as a field surgeon in a French military hospital in Wesel, before moving first to Frankfurt and then to Würzburg , where he worked as a doctor in the field hospital of the Saxon troops. On August 1, 1760, he left the French military service. He then joined the Würzburg anatomy professor and senior surgeon Georg Christoph Stang at the Juliusspital as senior assistant and, at the age of 24, studied medicine in Würzburg, where he passed his examination with distinction on March 30, 1763 . After several stays abroad in Paris , Rouen , London and Leiden , in 1766 he became the personal surgeon of Prince Bishop Adam Friedrich von Seinsheim .

After acquiring the medical doctor's degree , he took up the professorship and thus the chair for anatomy, surgery and obstetrics at the University of Würzburg in 1769 and thus founded the Würzburg University Surgical Clinic at the end of August 1769. In 1771 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina and was given the nickname "Philotimus III".

First modern operating theater in the world, built in 1805 by Carl Caspar von Siebold (photo from around 1890)
Memorial plaque in Nideggen near Siebold's former birthplace

When he was appointed chief surgeon at the Juliusspital in 1776, Siebold came into the position of being able to combine theory and practice. This was particularly evident in the development of new surgical methods, such as an improved form of cataract surgery (cutting out the clouded eye lens) from 1766 or the successful use of bladder incision to remove urinary stones from 1768, and hygiene standards , which in 1805 became the establishment of the first modern Operating room in the world, which was in use until 1890.

Due to his merits (which was also achieved in controversies with the authorities), Siebold, who was also known as Princeps chirurgorum as early as 1784 , was awarded a hereditary title of nobility as a surgeon during the war in 1801 .

Siebold is one of the first in Germany to integrate surgery into overall medicine. In 1784 he played a decisive role in the creation of a medical professional code, according to which "no surgeon, surgeon or bath doctor is accepted and accepted in the most ducal lands unless they have been thoroughly checked by the medical faculty".

On his 275th birthday, a commemorative plaque was attached to the remnants of the wall from the house where he was born. It was unveiled on November 4th, 2011 by Mayor Margit Göckemeyer.

Siebolds' pupils included:

Marriage and offspring

Siebold married Anna Margaretha Veronica Stang on June 15, 1765 (* February 9, 1744; † November 12, 1793). The couple had several sons:

  • (Johann) Georg Christoph Siebold (born June 30, 1767; † January 18, 1798), professor of medicine, obstetrics and surgery ∞ Maria Apolonia Josepha Lotz (born September 29, 1768; † November 13, 1845), parents of Philipp Franz by Siebold
  • (Johann Heinrich) Theodor Damian (* August 14, 1768; † December 6, 1828), Medical Councilor ∞ 1795 Marianne Regine Caroline Josephine Henning ad. Savior (born December 14, 1771, † February 28, 1849), physician and honorary doctor
  • Johann Bartholomäus (born February 3, 1774, † January 28, 1814), surgeon and anatomist ∞ Magarethe Schmitt
  • Adam Elias (March 5, 1775 - July 12, 1828), medic
∞ 1800 Sophie Luise Schaeffer (1779–1816), parents of Carl von Siebold , doctor and zoologist
∞ 1823 Friederike Auguste Pauly (1806–1845)

Publications (selection)

  • Surgical diary.
  • with others: description of the last illness of Hochw. [...] Mr. Franz Ludwig, Bishop of Bamberg and Würzburg [...] from the Reichsfrey noble family von und zu Erthal. Sartorius, Würzburg 1795.
    • with others: Historia morbis feralis […] Domini Francisci Ludovici, Episcopi Bambergensis et Wirceburgensis […]. Sartorius, Würzburg 1795.

literature

  • Franz von Winckel:  Siebold, Karl Kaspar von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 34, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1892, p. 186.
  • Werner E. Gerabek :  Siebold, Carl Caspar. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , p. 326 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Werner E. Gerabek: Siebold, Karl Kaspar von. In: Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1328 f.
  • Siebold, 1) Karl Kaspar von . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon 1885-1892, Volume 14, page 948.
  • Max Kappis : The importance of Carl Caspar von Siebold for German surgery. In: Brun's contributions to clinical surgery. Volume 166, 1937, pp. 286-297.
  • Ernst Kern : On the history of surgery at the University of Würzburg. In: Peter Baumgart (Ed.): Four hundred years of the University of Würzburg. A commemorative publication. Degener & Co. (Gerhard Gessner), Neustadt an der Aisch 1982 (= sources and contributions to the history of the University of Würzburg. Volume 6), ISBN 3-7686-9062-8 , pp. 827–839, here: pp. 827– 831.
  • Hans Körner: The Würzburger Siebold. A family of scholars from the 18th and 19th centuries. Degener, Neustadt ad Aisch 1967 (= sources and contributions to the history of the University of Würzburg. Volume 3).
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of noble houses. Part B, 1922, p. 855 f.
  • Oskar Siber: Karl Kaspar von Siebold. His reformatory services to the University of Würzburg. Stürtz, Würzburg 1927 (also medical dissertation Würzburg); also in: Franz Frisch, Ferdinand Flury (ed.): Festschrift for the 46th German Medical Congress in Würzburg from September 6 to 10, 1927. Stürtz, Würzburg 1927, pp. 169-219.
  • Johannes Steudel : The Siebolds. An excellent family of doctors from the Düren region. Degen and Kuth, Düren 1954.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The anniversary of the death of the surgeon Caspar von Siebold
  2. ^ Henning Bärmig: Carl Caspar von Siebold. In: The personal bibliographies of the professors teaching at the Medical Faculty of the Alma Mater Julia zu Würzburg from 1582 to 1803 with biographical information. Medical dissertation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 1969, pp. 51–55, here: pp. 51 f.
  3. ^ Wolfgang Scheppach, Martina Schneider: In: Juliuspital.de: Carl Caspar von Siebold .
  4. ↑ Ernst Kern : Seeing - Thinking - Acting of a surgeon in the 20th century. ecomed, Landsberg am Lech 2000, ISBN 3-609-20149-5 , p. 243 f.
  5. ^ Member entry by Carl Caspar von Siebold at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 29, 2016.
  6. ^ Johann Ferdinand Neigebaur : History of the Imperial Leopoldino-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists during the second century of its existence. Frommann, Jena 1860, p. 230 Archives
  7. ↑ Caspar Carl von Siebold ( Memento from June 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ The Würzburg prince-bishop wrote: "The chief surgeon is told in all seriousness for very disrespectful behavior and writing with the instruction to learn better what a servant and subject owes the regent." Quoted from Ernst Kern : Seeing - thinking - acting one Surgeons in the 20th century. Ecomed, Landsberg am Lech 2000. ISBN 3-609-20149-5 , p. 243 f.
  9. ↑ Ernst Kern: On the history of surgery at the University of Würzburg. In: Peter Baumgart (1982), pp. 827-839, here: p. 828.
  10. ↑ Ernst Kern : Seeing - Thinking - Acting of a surgeon in the 20th century. Ecomed, Landsberg am Lech 2000. ISBN 3-609-20149-5 , p. 9.
  11. ↑ http://www.an-online.de/lokales/dueren-detail-an/1865873?_link=&skip=&_g=Erinnerung-an-Pioniere-der-modernen-Medizin.html
personal data
SURNAME Siebold, Carl Caspar von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Siebold, Carl Caspar; Siebold, Karl Kaspar von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor
DATE OF BIRTH November 4, 1736
PLACE OF BIRTH Nideggen
DATE OF DEATH April 3, 1807
Place of death Wurzburg