Fritz König (medical doctor)

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Fritz König, around 1930

Fritz König (born May 30, 1866 in Hanau , † August 16, 1952 in Würzburg ) was a German surgeon and university professor in Greifswald, Marburg and Würzburg. He is considered a pioneer in osteosynthesis and neurosurgery .

Life

As the son of the surgeon Franz König spent his childhood in King Rostock. When his father moved to the Georg-August University in Göttingen in 1875 , he spent his school days here. After graduation in 1884 he studied medicine at the University of Marburg , the University of Leipzig and Göttingen, where he in 1890 to Dr. med. received his doctorate . He became a member of the Corps Teutonia Marburg (1885) and the Corps Lusatia Leipzig (1886). In Göttingen he then worked for two years with Johannes Orth in pathology. He became a surgeon with Ernst von Bergmann in Berlin. He completed his habilitation in surgery in 1898 . In 1899 he married the sister of his fellow student and fellow Berlin assistant Erich Lexer , the daughter of the old Germanist Matthias von Lexer . In 1900, when he was appointed professor, he succeeded Fedor Krause as chief ("senior physician") of the surgical department of the Altona hospital . In 1910 he was appointed to the surgical chair at the Royal University of Greifswald ; but he moved to Marburg only eleven months later (1911). During the First World War he served as a senior staff doctor . In 1918 he finally took the chair at the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg . In Würzburg he was able to participate in the new building of the Luitpold Hospital, which he took over as the first clinic director in 1921. In 1934 he retired. A bronze bust of the King still stands in the garden of the Luitpold Hospital.

Fritz König was made an honorary member as early as 1901 when the German Society for Orthopedic Surgery was founded. In 1909 he was the initiator, co-founder and conference president of the 3rd conference in 1909 of the Association of Northwest German Surgeons . During his time in Marburg, he founded the Middle Rhine Surgeons Association with Ludwig Rehn . In 1927 and 1931 he was president of the 12th and 16th meetings of the Association of Bavarian Surgeons in Würzburg and Munich. He was also President of the German Society for Surgery in 1928 . It was not until 1933 that he became a member of the German Association for Accident Medicine , and in 1934 he was chairman of the 9th annual conference in Würzburg. In the autumn of 1934, the privy councilor was removed from office. (The surgical chair was then represented by Ernst Seifert until March 1, 1935 ). After his retirement he worked as a surgeon at the Würzburg Red Cross Clinic for some time . The Corps Moenania Würzburg awarded him the honorary ribbon in 1951.

meaning

Fritz König was a pioneer of osteosynthesis in Germany. His modest but determined effort was to gain surgeons consensus on specific indications for fracture surgery. This was not a safe route in the pre- antibiotic era ; because an infection could have fatal consequences - including amputation of the injured limb. Crucial in preventing this complication was strict asepsis . König had learned this from Ernst von Bergmann, the "father of asepsis".

From 1907 to 1944, König was co-editor of the Deutsche Zeitschrift für Chirurgie , 1911 to 1944 von Bruns' contributions to clinical surgery , 1919 to 1944 of the archive for orthopedic and trauma surgery and from 1927 to 1944 of the Münchner Medizinische Wochenschrift .

After all, he was an early promoter of neurosurgery . In 1934 he succeeded in setting up the first independent department for this specialty in his clinic in Germany at the Würzburg University Clinic and in transferring its management to Wilhelm Tönnis , whom he had sent to Herbert Olivecrona in Stockholm for training in 1932 .

Awards

King's bust in Würzburg

Publications (selection)

  • Circumferential forceps for the wire or the giglis saw in bone operations , Zentralblatt für Chirurgie 40 (1913) 861–862
  • The bloody repositioning (osteosynthesis) in fresh subcutaneous bone fractures , results of surgery and orthopedics 8 (1914) 157-206
  • The state Luitpold Hospital in Würzburg. The first five years of full operation , Berlin 1928
  • Basic questions of osteosynthesis , Surgeon 1 (1928/29) 97-99
  • Bone callipers for measuring the bone thickness for the creation of bone screws during osteosynthesis , Chirurg 2 (1930) 591
  • Operative surgery of the broken bones, I: Operations on fresh and abducted broken bones , Berlin 1931
  • Cancer problem and practical surgery , Stuttgart 1935 (2nd edition 1942)
  • Memories, written 1947–1952. Experiences, observations and thoughts of a doctor, surgeon and people. Edited by Mrs. F. König in approx. 100 copies. 269 ​​pages. Würzburg (copy in the Evangelical Lutheran Chapter Library in Würzburg).
  • with Georg Magnus (Ed.): Handbook of the entire accident medicine. 6 volumes. Stuttgart 1932-1934.

literature

  • N. Brunkhorst: Personal bibliographies of full and associate professors of surgery and orthopedics at the Medical Faculty of the University of Würzburg in the approximate period from 1900–1945 . Medical dissertation Erlangen 1969
  • J. Bülthoff: Fritz König (1866-1952). On the history of surgery . Medical dissertation Marburg ad Lahn 1981
  • Karl-August Bushe : Fritz König (1866−1952), the pioneer of modern neurosurgery in Germany . Zentralblatt für Neurochirurgie 57 (1996), pp. 55-61.
  • Hans-Heinz Eulner:  King, Fritz. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 331 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • H. Körner: Life and work of the surgery professor Fritz König (1866–1952) . Medical dissertation Munich (TU) 1980
  • Christoph Weißer: Fritz König (1866–1952) and his services to the development of osteosynthesis . Würzburg medical history reports 16 (1997), pp. 93-114
  • Christoph Weißer: Fritz König (1866–1952). Pioneer of osteosynthesis and its influences on trauma medicine . Zentralblatt für Chirurgie 126 (2001), pp. 237–242.
  • Katharina Freiberg: Fritz König (1866–1952): Life, work and background of the professional career . Med. Diss. Univ. Göttingen 2001.

Web links

Commons : Fritz König  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christoph Weißer: Fritz König (1866–1952) and his services to the development of osteosynthesis. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 16, 1997, pp. 93-114, cited here: p. 93.
  2. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 102/651; 3/632.
  3. ↑ Christoph Weißer: Fritz König (1866–1952) and his services to the development of osteosynthesis. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 16, 1997, pp. 93-114, cited here: p. 93.
  4. ↑ Christoph Weißer: Fritz König (1866–1952) and his services to the development of osteosynthesis. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 16, 1997, pp. 93-114, cited here: p. 93.
  5. ↑ Christoph Weißer: Fritz König (1866–1952) and his services to the development of osteosynthesis. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 16, 1997, pp. 93-114, cited here: pp. 93 f.
  6. ↑ Ute Felbor: Racial Biology and Hereditary Science in the Medical Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1937–1945 . Königshausen and Neumann, Würzburg 1995, ISBN 3-88479-932-0 (= Würzburg medical-historical research. Supplement 3); also dissertation Würzburg 1995, p. 37.
  7. ^ Richard Kraemer: Würzburg physicians 50 years ago. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 5, 1987, pp. 165-172, here: p. 169.
  8. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1996, 101/941.
  9. ↑ Christoph Weißer: Fritz König (1866–1952) and his services to the development of osteosynthesis. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 16, 1997, pp. 93-114, here: p. 94.
  10. ↑ a b Archives Corps Lusatia Leipzig
personal data
SURNAME King, Fritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German surgeon and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH May 30, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanau
DATE OF DEATH August 16, 1952
Place of death Wurzburg